Fear of cancer recurrence and coping strategies among prostate cancer survivors : A qualitative study

publishedVersio

Change Management Challenges in Nursing and Midwifery Schools: A qualitative study of managerial experiences

The purpose of this study was to explain the situation and perspectives of managers regarding change in nursing and midwifery faculties. This study was conducted according to a qualitative approach; in fact, a descriptive exploratory approach was applied with triangulation. Snow ball sampling was used in this study. The subjects were faculty members of the nursing schools in Tehran, and the inclusion criteria included at least 1year of experience as a faculty member. In the qualitative phase, no variables were measured. Data were gathered by semi-structured interviews in which a guide and field notes were used. Data were considered to be saturated after observing the repetition of codes. Qualitative conventional content analysis was used for data analysis. Trustworthiness was achieved by prolonged field experience, member check, peer check and sharing the content with two experts in qualitative research. Ten participants (7 females and 3 males) between the ages of 38 and 54 were interviewed. Two of them had Master's degrees, and eight had PhD degrees in nursing; only three of them were in high-level management of their faculties. After the interviews, conceptual codes were extracted, and a few uggested themes were classified, including challenges in change management, such as field of concentration in management, managers' characteristics and attitudes toward change. Accordingly, the concept of change management was postulated as the purpose of this study; furthermore, its influencing factors were identified. The implication of the study is that it may be used in nursing and midwifery faculties as a model for organizational culture. Imposing change in an educational organization without having a proper model of change management will facilitate the achievement of the desired change outcome. Khachian A, Manoochehri H, Pazargadi M, Esmaeili Vardanjani SA. Change Management Challenges in Nursing and Midwifery Schools: A qualitative study of managerial experiences. Life Sci J 2012;9(3);2265-2269] (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 40

Personal Characteristics and Urinary Stones

BackgroundUrinary stone disease is a common, painful and costly condition that has affected humankind since antiquity, and there is evidence to show that its incidence has continually increased during past decades. Studies have shown that many extrinsic and intrinsic factors are related to this disease in different population groups. The aim of this study was to identify the personal characteristics that are associated with urinary stone formation.MethodsAll subjects were recruited in the same 7-month period: there were 161 patients with idiopathic renal stone disease and 254 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects. Each participant was individually interviewed with regard to their sociodemographic characteristics and family medical history.ResultsOf patients with renal stones, 66.5% were male; the male to female ratio was 1.98 to 1. The prevalence of renal stone was highest in men aged 30–50 years and in women aged 40–60 years. The main differences between stone formers and healthy subjects were that stone formers had higher body mass index (p = 0.007), lower educational (p = 0.001) and economic (p = 0.037) levels, and more positive family history of urinary stones (p < 0.0001), especially in their siblings. The percentage of unemployed subjects and housekeepers were higher in the case group. The type and duration of employment were significantly different in the two groups (p = 0.014 for type and p = 0.003 for duration). With regard to the job environment (i.e. workplace), most of the individuals in the case group worked outdoors (p = 0.025) and in warm places (p < 0.0001).ConclusionThere are many personal characteristics that might be associated with an elevated risk of renal stone formation. People with high-risk characteristics could be more prone to stone formation and should be more carefully evaluated and followed-up

The effect of hospital-to-home transitional care using a digital messaging application on the health outcomes of patients undergoing CABG and their family caregivers: a randomized controlled trial study protocol

ObjectivesGiven the increasing trend of care transition from healthcare settings to patients’ own home, patients and their family caregivers should take more responsibilities for care at own home. This study is going to investigate the effect of a transitional care program from hospital to own home using a digital messaging application on patients’ undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and their family caregivers’ health outcomes.MethodsA parallel randomized controlled trial study will be conducted in a hospital in a metropolis located in southwestern Iran. Sampling will be performed sequentially and the eligible dyad of patients and family caregivers will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive a transitional care program for 8 weeks using the WhatsApp on the mobile phone based on the person-centered care approach, but the control group will receive routine care for patient’s transition. Data collection will be conducted at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and two months after the intervention using demographic questionnaire, Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES), MacNew Heart Disease Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire (MNHD-Q), Cardiac Symptom Scale (CSS), Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, and Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS). Descriptive and inferential statistics will be used for data analysis.ConclusionsThe results of this study will allow evaluating the effectiveness of an innovative transitional care program to patients’ own home using a digital messaging application. If the transitional program is shown feasible and effective it can be incorporated into existing care programs and stimulate further studies on the use of digital solutions for improving the continuity of care in own home

Effect of the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program on Respiratory Disorders and Quality of Life in Chemical Victims of Sardasht, Iran

Background & Aims: Respiratory problems and loss of quality of life are the main challenges facing the chemical victims of mustard gas. These people suffer from multiple physical problems, most notably, respiratory distress due to the physical effects of contact with this chemical agent. Moreover, the chronic and progressive nature of the illness leads to the loss of the quality of life in these people. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the pulmonary rehabilitation program on respiratory disorders and quality of life in chemical victims of Sardasht, Iran. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients with chemical injuries in 2018. The patients were selected using available sampling and random allocation methods, and they were then divided into two groups of intervention and control. Initially, the two groups were asked to complete St. Georgechr('39')s quality of life questionnaire. Subsequently, they were subjected to the spirometry test and six-minute walk distance. Following that, the intervention group received the pulmonary rehabilitation program in 8 sessions. On the other hand, the control group received routine care. The two groups were requested two months later to complete the questionnaire again. The results were analyzed using the paired t-test, independent t-test, and ANCOVA. Results: According to the results, there was a significant difference between the control and intervention groups regarding the mean±SD of forced vital capacity (FVC) (P=0.021), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (P˂0.001), and the ratio of FVC to FEV1 (P=0.004). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the visual analog scale scores of breathlessness (P=0.606). On the other hand, a significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of six-minute walk distance (P=0.049). Furthermore, the intervention group showed a significant increase in the quality of life, compared to the control group (P˂0.001). Conclusion: The application of lung rehabilitation programs can help reduce respiratory problems and improve the quality of life of chemically-injured patients with chronic respiratory diseases

The Effect of Educational Program on Self-Management of Patients with Epilepsy: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

Introduction: Patients with epilepsy need to learn to identify seizure-inducing factors in order to adapt to seizure activity and disease management and taking precautionary measures to minimize seizure damage. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an educational program on self-management empowerment of patients with epilepsy. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 90 patients with epilepsy referring to Iranian Epilepsy Association. The study used convenient sampling and samples were randomly divided into two groups: control (n= 45) and experimental group (n=45). The control group received routine training and the experimental group in addition to routine training, participated in three educational sessions held by the researcher in Epilepsy Association. All the patients completed a self-management questionnaire before and six weeks after the intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22 using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, independent paired t-test and descriptive statistics. Results: The findings showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics (P>0.05). Before implementing educational program, the two groups showed no significant difference in medication, knowledge, information, safety and seizure scores (P> 0.05). After implementing educational program the two groups showed significant difference in the scores (P<0.01), which is indicative of the increased scores in experimental group. Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that the education has been effective in information, seizure control and safety of people with epilepsy. Implementation of such programs in order to better accommodate people with epilepsy with their illness is recommended

Investigating medication adherence and illness perception among patients with hypertension in Al-Nasiriyah Teaching Hospital in 2022

Hypertension is one of the most common worldwide health problems, medication adherence is a major public health concern and leads to considerable morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Hence, it is considering a serious challenge for the patients as well as for caregivers. The main objective of this study was to an Investigating Medication Adherence and Illness Perception Among Patients with Hypertension in Al-Nasiriyah Teaching Hospital. A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design was performed among 424 adult hypertensive patients attending hypertension clinics in Al-Nasiriyah Teaching Hospital in Al-Nasiriyah, southern Iraq. The data were collected over a period of three months from April 6th, 2022, to July 1st, 2022, by using a questionnaire includes three parts, related to Socio- Demographic and clinical data, eight item-Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (8-MMAS), and Brief illness perception questionnaire (BIPQ). Data was analysis by using SPSS version 25, descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency, SD, mean) used to describe socio-demographic data, Inferential statistics (chi- square test) was used to assess the association between illness perception and treatment adherence, and Anova used to find the relationship between overall evaluation of (BIPQ), eight item 8-MMAS and Demographical data.&nbsp

Threats to professional dignity of Iranian clinical nurses: A qualitative study

Abstract Aim Identifying threats to the nurses' professional dignity has an important role in maintaining and promoting their dignity. This study aimed to evaluate the perception of Iranian nurses' experiences of threats to their professional dignity in clinical settings. Design A qualitative directed content analysis approach was used. Methods The present qualitative study was conducted in Iran.Clinical nurses were selected using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected through in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with 15 clinical nurses from October 2020 to March 2021. The qualitative content analysis method was used to analyze the data. Results Two main categories and 16 subcategories were extracted as follows: (1) professional factors (containing seven subcategories) and (2) organizational factors (containing nine subcategories). Conclusions To promote the professional dignity of nurses, it is recommended to identify the factors threatening their professional dignity and create healthy work environments for them

Evaluating the Effect of Peer Education on the Hope of Patients with Thalassaemia Major A quasi-experimental study

Objective: Thalassemia major (TM) is one of the most common chronic genetic disorders in today’s world. The psychological impacts of this disease can affect patients’ hopes. Considering the positive role and importance of suitable educational methods, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of peer education on the hope of patients with TM. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental single-group study performed on 50 patients with TM undergoing treatment in Zabol in 2020. Patients were recruited by the continuous sampling method. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and the Snyder’s Hope Scale. Patients were educated in groups by eligible peers in 2 sessions each for 60 minutes. Hope was measured before and one month after the educational sessions. Data was analyzed by SPSS software version 20. Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.5 (4.24) years. At the pretest, the mean score of total hope was 26.72 ± 5.82, which increased to 28.21 ± 5.11 at the posttest (P = 0.028). The mean hope score of patients in the pathway thinking dimension (P = 0.01), significantly increased after peer education. Despite an increase in the score of the agency thinking dimension, this was not statistically significant (P = 0.297). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that peer education can improve hope in patients with TM. So, considering that this educational method is easy, cheap, and experienced-based, it can be used in combination with other health care measures to improve TM patients’ hope. Keywords: Peer Group; Hope; Thalassemia Major; Beta-Thalassemia; Patient Education

Challenges of Change Management: A Qualitative Study on Managers&apos; Experiences in Nursing and Midwifery Schools

Background &amp;amp; Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate perspectives&amp;nbsp;of&amp;nbsp;managers regarding change management in nursing and midwifery schools. Methods &amp;amp; Materials: In this qualitative study, we used a descriptive&amp;nbsp;exploratory&amp;nbsp;approach with triangulation. We used snow ball sampling to recruit faculty&amp;nbsp;members of nursing and midwifery schools&amp;nbsp;in Tehran. The participants were included in the study if they had at least 1-year experience as a faculty member. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews in which a guide&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;field&amp;nbsp;notes&amp;nbsp;were used. Data were saturated after observing repetition of the codes. Latent&amp;nbsp;content analysis was used for data analysis. The trustworthiness was achieved using a prolonged field experience, member check, peer check and sharing&amp;nbsp;the content with two qualitative research experts. Results: Ten&amp;nbsp;participants (seven females&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;three males) aged 38-54 were interviewed. Three participants were employed in highly recognized management levels. Immediately after&amp;nbsp;interviews,&amp;nbsp;conceptual&amp;nbsp;codes&amp;nbsp;were extracted. Suggested themes&amp;nbsp;were classified as concentration&amp;nbsp;in&amp;nbsp;management, managers&apos; characteristics, and attitude toward change. Conclusion: Accordingly,&amp;nbsp;the concept of&amp;nbsp;change management&amp;nbsp;was postulated as the purpose of this study. Furthermore, its influencing factors&amp;nbsp;were identified.&amp;nbsp;The results of this study can be used by faculties of the nursing and midwifery schools to use them according to their organizational culture. &amp;nbsp