4 research outputs found
Sex-specific differences in children attending the emergency department: prospective observational study
Objective To assess the role of sex in the presentation
and management of children attending the emergency
department (ED).
Design The TrIAGE project (TRiage Improvements Across
General Emergency departments), a prospective observational
study based on curated electronic health record data.
Setting Five diverse European hospitals in four countries
(Austria, The Netherlands, Portugal, UK).
Participants All consecutive paediatric ED visits of
children under the age of 16 during the study period (8–36
months between 2012 and 2015).
Main outcome measures The association between
sex (male of female) and diagnostic tests and disease
management in general paediatric ED visits and in
subgroups presenting with trauma or musculoskeletal,
gastrointestinal and respiratory problems and fever.
Results from the different hospitals were pooled in a
random effects meta-analysis.
Results 116172 ED visits were included of which
63042 (54%) by boys and 53715 (46%) by girls. Boys
accounted for the majority of ED visits in childhood, and
girls in adolescence. After adjusting for age, triage urgency
and clinical presentation, girls had more laboratory tests
compared with boys (pooled OR 1.10, 95%CI 1.05 to 1.15).
Additionally, girls had more laboratory tests in ED visits for
respiratory problems (pooled OR 1.15, 95%CI 1.04 to 1.26)
and more imaging in visits for trauma or musculoskeletal
problems (pooled OR
Cancer or No Cancer:The Influence of Trait Anxiety and Diagnosis on Quality of Life With Breast Cancer and Benign Disease: A Prospective, Longitudinal Study
<p>High trait anxiety (HTA) causes an impaired quality of life (QOL) and fatigue in women with breast cancer (BC) and benign breast disease (BBD). We examined whether the lowered QOL was determined solely by the personality characteristic HTA or by the combination of personality and diagnosis.</p><p>In a prospective longitudinal study, women with BC (n = 152), BBD (n = 205), or gallstone disease (GD) before laparoscopic cholecystectomy (n = 128) were included. Questionnaires concerning trait anxiety (baseline), fatigue, and QOL were completed at baseline and at 6 months. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to analyze the predictors for QOL at 6 months.</p><p>At 6 months QOL scores were increased in the GD group, especially in women without HTA. For women without HTA, in the BBD group the scores for fatigue and physical QOL had improved at 6 months, whereas in the BC group physical QOL and fatigue was impaired. Women with HTA scored unfavorably on fatigue and QOL. HTA was the most important factor influencing QOL.</p><p>The course of QOL and fatigue during follow-up were significantly different for each diagnosis. Particularly HTA had a negative impact on QOL and fatigue. Especially the combination HTA and BC caused impaired QOL and fatigue. We recommend identifying women with BC and HTA and offer them a tailor-made follow-up protocol.</p>