7 research outputs found
Association of gastric lymphofollicular hyperplasia with Helicobacter-like organisms in dogs
Research Areas: Veterinary SciencesABSTRACT - Background: The relationships among gastric lymphoid follicular hyperplasia (GLFH),
Helicobacter-like organisms (HLOs), and clinical signs have not been established
in dogs.
Objectives: To evaluate the epidemiologic, clinical, endoscopic, and histopathologic
findings associated with GLFH in dogs, and determine the association of GLFH with
HLOs and the French Bulldog (FB) breed.
Animals: Two hundred eighty-eight dogs that underwent gastroscopy between 2013
and 2016.
Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. Gastric biopsy samples were
reviewed and scored for inflammation and HLOs. Dogs were divided into 3 groups:
group 1 (63 FBs), group 2 (45 non-FB brachycephalic dogs), and group
3 (180 nonbrachycephalic dogs). Variables were evaluated for their association
with GLFH.
Results: Univariate analysis determined that intact males, young age, vomiting, gastroscopic findings (discoloration, hemorrhage, and ulcers), and histopathologic findings (gastric lamina propria lymphocytic infiltration and HLO score) were associated
with GLFH (P †.03). In the multivariate analysis, GLFH was associated with the HLO
score (odds ratio [OR] > 5 for HLO scores 1-2 and >15 for HLO score of 3; P < .001),
with vomiting (OR > 4; P = .01) but not with FB breed (P = .76) and age (P = .1). The
HLO score was associated with younger age (P < .001).
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: The HLO score was associated with a high
GLFH score. Vomiting was associated with GLFH. Helicobacter-like organisms are
highly prevalent in young dogs and GLFH is indirectly associated with this factor.
Clinical relevance of the identification of GLFH and HLO remains to be determined.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Aide au diagnostic face à un chat présenté en consultation pour une dyspnée
La dyspnĂ©e chez le chat peut avoir de multiples causes ce qui rend son diagnostic Ă©tiologique difficile. Pour aider le praticien dans cette tĂąche, l'auteur propose une dĂ©marche diagnostique logique et claire, rĂ©alisĂ©e Ă partir de donnĂ©es bibliographiques et rĂ©sumĂ©e sous forme d'algorithmes simplifiĂ©s. Cette approche pratique standardise la conduite clinique et stimule la rĂ©flexion afin d'Ă©tablir un diagnostic mĂȘme dans des cas compliquĂ©s.)NANTES-Ecole Nat.VĂ©tĂ©rinaire (441092302) / SudocSudocFranceF
Subjective assessment of frequency distribution histograms and consequences on reference interval accuracy for small sample sizes: A computer-simulated study
BACKGROUND: Inaccuracy in estimating reference intervals (RIs) is a problem with small sample sizes. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the most accurate statistical methods to estimate RIs based on sample size and population distribution shape. We also studied the accuracy of sample frequency distribution histograms to retrieve the original population distribution and compared strategies based on the histogram and goodness-of-fit test. METHODS: The statistical methods that best enhanced accuracy were determined for various sample sizes (n = 20-60) and population distributions (Gaussian, log-normal, and left-skewed) were determined by repeated-measures ANOVA and posthoc analyses. Frequency distribution histograms were built from 900 samples of five different sizes randomly extracted from six simulated populations. Three reviewers classified the population distributions from visual assessments of a sample histogram, and the classification error rate was calculated. RI accuracy was compared among the strategies based on the histograms and goodness-of-fit tests. RESULTS: The parametric, nonparametric, and robust methods enhanced lower reference limit estimation accuracy for Gaussian, log-normal, and left-skewed distributions, respectively. The parametric, nonparametric bootstrap, and nonparametric methods enhanced the upper limit estimation accuracy for Gaussian, log-normal, and left-skewed distributions, respectively. Regardless of sample size, sample histogram assessments properly classified the original population distribution 71% to 93.9% of the time, depending on the reviewers. In this study, the strategy based on histograms assessed by the statistician was significantly more precise and accurate than the strategy based on the goodness-of-fit test (P \u3c 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A strategy based on histograms might enhance the accuracy of RI estimations. However, relevant inter-reviewer variations in histogram interpretation were detected. Factors affecting inter-reviewer variations should be further explored
Association between quantitative bacterial culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and antibiotic requirement in dogs with lower respiratory tract signs
Abstract Background Historically, positive bacterial cultures from the lower respiratory tract (LRT) have been considered clinically relevant when quantitative bacterial cultures of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were >1700 colony forming units (cfu)/mL. However, this threshold might not accurately predict a requirement for antibiotics. Objectives To study whether quantitative BALF bacterial culture results were predictive of antibiotic requirement in dogs with LRT signs. Animals Thirtyâthree clientâowned dogs. Methods Crossâsectional study. Dogs with positive quantitative bacterial culture of BALF were included. Dogs were divided into 2 groups, depending on whether they had a LRT infection requiring antibiotics (LRTIâRA) or LRT disease not requiring antibiotics (LRTDâNRA), based on thoracic imaging features, presence of intracellular bacteria on BALF cytology, and response to treatment. Predictive effect of cfu/mL and BALF total nucleated cell count (TNCC) on antibiotic requirement, adjusting for ongoing or prior antibiotic therapy and age, were studied using logistic regression. Results Twentyâtwo and 11 dogs were included in the LRTIâRA and LRTDâNRA groups, respectively. The cfu/mL was not significantly predictive of antibiotic requirement, independent of ongoing or prior antibiotic treatment and age (LRTIâRA: median, 10 000âcfu/mL; range, 10â3âĂâ108; LRTDâNRA: median, 10 â000âcfu/mL; range, 250â1.3âĂâ109; P = .27). The TNCC was not significantly predictive of antibiotic requirement when only dogs with bronchial disease were considered (LRTIâRA: median, 470 cells/ÎŒL; range, 240â2260; LRTDâNRA: median, 455 cells/ÎŒL; range, 80â4990; P = .57). Conclusion and Clinical Importance The cfu/mL is an inappropriate measure for determining whether antibiotics are of benefit in dogs with LRT signs
Evaluation of bronchial narrowing in coughing dogs with heart murmurs using computed tomography
Abstract Background The origin of cough in dogs with heart murmurs is controversial, because the cough could be primary cardiac (eg, pulmonary edema, bronchi compression by leftâsided cardiomegaly) or respiratory (eg, bronchomalacia, other bronchial or bronchiolar disease, interstitial lung disease) in origin. Hypothesis/Objectives To study the association between left atrium (LA) dilatation and cardiomegaly and bronchial narrowing in coughing dogs with heart murmurs using computed tomography (CT). Animals Twentyâone clientâowned coughing dogs with heart murmurs and 14 historical control dogs. Methods Dogs with cough and murmur were prospectively recruited over 4 months. Cervical and thoracic radiography, echocardiography, and thoracic CT were performed in enrolled dogs. Control dogs, with no disease on thoracic CT and no records of heart murmur and coughing, were gathered from the institution's computerized database. Degree of bronchial narrowing was assessed using the bronchialâtoâaorta (Ao) ratio, measured by 3 radiologists blinded to the clinical findings. After identifying bronchi that were significantly narrowed in dogs with murmur compared to controls, the relationship between degree of narrowing and LA/Ao ratio (measured echocardiographically) and vertebral heart scale (VHS) measured radiographically was studied in dogs with murmur using mixedâeffects regression. Result Significant narrowing was identified for all leftâsided bronchi and the right principal, middle, and caudal bronchi in the coughing dogs, compared with controls. Increasing LA size and VHS were significantly inversely associated with diameter for all leftâsided and rightâsided bronchi indicated above. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Results indicate an association between LA enlargement and cardiomegaly and bronchial narrowing and support heart sizeâassociated exacerbation of cough in dogs with murmurs