Dominion cartoon satire as trench culture narratives: complaints, endurance and stoicism

Although Dominion soldiers’ Great War field publications are relatively well known, the way troops created cartoon multi-panel formats in some of them has been neglected as a record of satirical social observation. Visual narrative humour provides a ‘bottom-up’ perspective for journalistic observations that in many cases capture the spirit of the army in terms of stoicism, buoyed by a culture of internal complaints. Troop concerns expressed in the early comic strips of Australians, Canadians, New Zealanders and British were similar. They shared a collective editorial purpose of morale boosting among the ranks through the use of everyday narratives that elevated the anti-heroism of the citizen soldier, portrayed as a transnational everyman in the service of empire. The regenerative value of disparagement humour provided a redefinition of courage as the very act of endurance on the Western Front

The Frontier of Patriotism: Alberta and the First World War

With the centenary of the First World War, communities across Canada arranged commemorations of the war experience to honour local servicemen who, through their triumphs and sacrifices, were presented as laying the foundation for a free and independent country. Often overlooked are the triumphs and sacrifices of those who supported those soldiers, and the war effort in general, back at home. The Frontier of Patriotism provides an in-depth look at all aspects of Alberta's involvement in the war, reflecting Albertans' experiences both on the battlefield and on the home front. Contributors of the 40 essays all draw heavily on national and local archival resources. The war is seen through the letters, diaries and memoirs of the individuals who lived through it, as well as through accounts in local newspapers. Readers will come away from this collection with a deeper appreciation of the different ways that the First World War, and its aftermath, shaped the lives of Albertans. For many, these four tumultuous years represented a time of individual valour and of communities pulling together and sacrificing for a noble cause. Yet, for others, the war left disillusionment and anger. Exploring these regional and local stories, as well as the national story, helps us understand the commonalities and distinctiveness of what it means to be Canadian. The Frontier of Patriotism is the most comprehensive treatment of Alberta during these critical, transformational years.Ye

Microvascular soft tissue changes in alveolar distraction osteogenesis

Objective. The aim of the study was to quantify the effect of distraction osteogenesis on the changes in vascular density in the human oral mucosa. Material and methods. Alveolar distraction was performed in 10 patients with alveolar ridge deficiencies, while in the contralateral nondistracted site an implant was placed. The distraction device was activated after 7 days of latency starting with a distraction rate of 1 mm a day for a 1-week period. After completion of distraction the segments were held in fixation for 6 weeks. Microvascular images were obtained with the use of orthogonal polarization spectral imaging. From day 1 postoperatively until the end of consolidation, microvascular changes in capillary density were assessed. Results. All patients had a good response to the osseous distraction. No dehiscence or infections were observed. In all patients microvascular changes consisted of a bilateral decrease in capillary density and capillary index immediately following surgery. No significant differences between the distraction site and nondistracted implant site were observed during the latency phase or consolidation phase. Capillary vessel count revealed a mean of 14.6 +/- 2.7 vessels per visual field (VF) at day 5 of distraction versus 16.6 +/- 2.9 vessels/VF in the nondistracted site, which increased to a mean of 33.4 +/- 4.0 vessels/VF at day 10 of distraction compared to 24.0 +/- 0.8 vessels/VF in nondistracted implant sites. During the consolidation period the mean number of vessels was comparable to preoperative levels (mean 26.0 vessels/VF). The increase in capillary density and capillary index was more pronounced during the activation phase of distraction compared to the implant site. Conclusion. The increase in vascular response during distraction osteogenesis mainly occurs in the activation phase of distractio

The costs and benefits of intensive day treatment programs and outpatient treatments for eating disorders: an idea worth researching.

Outpatient care (e.g., individual, group, or self‐help therapies) and day treatment programs (DTPs) are common and effective treatments for adults with eating disorders. Compared to outpatient care, DTPs have additional expenses and could have unintended iatrogenic effects (e.g., may create an overly protective environment that undermines self‐efficacy). However, these potential downsides may be offset if DTPs are shown to have advantages over outpatient care. To explore this question, our team conducted a scoping review that aimed to synthesize the existing body of adult eating disorder literature (a) comparing outcomes for DTPs to outpatient care, and (b) examining the use of DTPs as a higher level of care in a stepped care model. Only four studies met the predefined search criteria. The limited results suggest that the treatments have similar effects and that outpatient care is more cost‐effective. Furthermore, no studies explored the use of DTPs as a higher level of care in a stepped care model (despite international guidelines recommending this approach). Given the clear dearth of literature on this clinically relevant topic, we have provided specific avenues for further research

The temporal course of mucoperiosteal flap revascularization at guided bone regeneration-treated implant sites: a pilot study

P>Aims To investigate post-operative capillary density regeneration in healing mucoperiosteal flaps at guided bone regeneration-treated implant sites. Material and Methods A non-invasive post-operative investigation was performed in 10 patients using orthogonal polarization spectral (OPS) imaging for assessment of capillary density during the course of mucoperiosteal flap wound healing for 6 weeks in patients receiving dental implants. Results The greatest increase in capillary regeneration occurred in the early wound-healing phase, during weeks 1 and 2, and recovery to baseline was achieved between weeks 4 and 5. A comparison of adjacent OPS measurements indicated that differences between the time point immediately following administration of local anaesthesia and directly post-operatively ( p=0.002), between a directly post-operative time point and after 1 week (p=0.009), and between post-operative weeks 1 and 2 (p=0.036) were statistically significant. Conclusions The early healing phase of mucoperiosteal flaps is characterized by rapid capillary regeneration. OPS imaging enabled the possibility to monitor and quantify the temporal development of mucoperiosteal flap revascularization following periodontal surger