The Relationship between EQ & Constructive and Non-Constructive Problem Solving Styles among Payame Noor University's students of Abadan in the year 2014

The objective of the present study is considering the relationship between EQ & constructive and non-constructive problem solving styles among students. The applied methodology is cross-correlation method. The statistical population in this study is all the educational sciences' students of Payame Noor university of Abadan in the year 2014 and the sampling is taken totally randomly and voluntary. Two surveys of EQ which proposed by Siryashring (1988) have used in this study that contain 33 questions. This study will measure 5 components of emotional intelligence: Self-awareness, self-control, self-motivation, social awareness and social skills. In addition the problem solving styles' survey that proposed by Velang (1996) has been applied that has made in two stages and has 24 questions, 12 items measure the problem-oriented style and rest of them measure the excitement-orientation. According to Cronbach's alpha the reliability coefficient of EQ is reported about 0.84. The validity of 0.63 is confirmed in Shirng's test of EQ. reliability coefficient of solving problem style is reported about 87%.Either reliability coefficient or factor content are confirmed by the faculty. Data analysis is done in two level of descriptive statistical (frequencies, percentages mean) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation, chi-square test). The obtained results of assumptions show that there is no significant relationship between EQ and constructive problem solving; also there is no significant relationship between EQ and non-constructive problem solving. Moreover there is significant relationship between EQ in creative styles, avoidance and style tendencies. Nevertheless there is no relationship between EQ and distress styles. And the confidence style shows an inverse relationship. Keywords: EQ, Constructive problem solving styles, non- constructive problem solving style

Molecular characterization of bovine Cryptosporidium using Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) gene

Cryptosporidium is a globally distributed protozoan parasite and one of the most common causes of infection and diarrhea in humans and cattle. The aim of the present study was to determine the species of Cryptosporidium among cattle with diarrhea by a nested PCR-RFLP technique at Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP). Fecal samples from 158 calves aged 1-20 weeks were collected from 10 dairy farms in Qazvin province, Iran. Initial identification of Cryptosporidium was carried out by Zeihl-Neelsen acid-fast staining method of stool samples. DNA was extracted from 26 (16.45 %) positive microscopically samples and Cryptosporidium genotypes were determined. Cryptosporidium parvum were identified in 80.8% of the positive samples and, Cryptosporidium andersoni in 19.2%. In conclusion the use of COWP primers could be sensitive enough to conduct a routine detection study. The nested PCR method using the COWP gene sequence can be an alternative diagnostic method to identify infected with Cryptosporidium and its genetic diversity

The Relationship between Time Management and Student Achievement

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between time management and achievement of students. The statistical population of this study includes the students of educational sciences in the Payame Noor University of Abadan City in 2013. The population consists of 256 members. A sample of 70 students was selected randomly. In order to collect the research data, a self-administrated questionnaire was used. The research data were analyzed through both descriptive and inferential statistics in the SPSS. The results of this study revealed that there is a significant relationship between time management and achievement of students. Another part of our results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between age and time management. Keywords: Time Management, Planning, Achievemen

Effects of administration of omega-3 fatty acids with or without vitamin E supplementation on adiponectin gene expression in PBMCs and serum adiponectin and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein levels in male patients with CAD

Objective: Adiponectin is a unique anti-atherogenic adipocytokine. Regulation of adiponectin secretion is dysfunctional in cardiovascular diseases. The current trial study assessed the effects of omega-3 fatty acids with or without vitamin E on adiponectin gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum adiponectin and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP; also called ap2 and FABP4) levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 67 male patients with CAD. First of the four group of participants received 4 g/day omega-3 fatty acids plus 400 IU/day vitamin E (OE), second group 4 g/day omega-3 fatty acids plus vitamin E placebo (OP), or both omega-3 fatty acid and vitamin E placebos (PP) for 8 weeks. Adiponectin gene expression and serum adiponectin and FABP4 levels were evaluated. Results: The combination of omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E in patients with CAD affected their serum adiponectin and FABP4 levels and the adiponectin/FABP4 ratio significantly. In the OP group, serum adiponectin levels did not change significantly. Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids with and without vitamin E had no significant effect on adiponectin gene expression. Conclusion: Omega-3 fatty acids with or without vitamin E improve adiponectin levels in patients, without any significant changes in adiponectin gene expression. This nutritional intervention may prevent complications in patients with CAD because of increased adiponectin levels. (Anatol J Cardiol 2015; 15: 981-9

Narrative Research Educational Consequences of Attending in Religious Communities

The purpose of this research was to analyze the educational consequences of attending religious communities. This research was conducted as a qualitative study using the narrative research method. The research community included people who continuously participated in religious gatherings and delegations. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 15 of these participants using the purposeful sampling method until the theoretical saturation of the data. After conducting face-to-face interviews and recording the conversations, the interviews were converted into text, then the data was analyzed by thematic analysis method of thematic network formation with the help of MAXQDA software. In order to validate the data, the method of agreement between the coders was used, and for the validity of the findings, the method of review by experts was used. Analysis of the findings showed 4 organizing themes and 28 basic themes. The themes of the organizer included service ethics, social ethics, environmental ethics, and individual ethics. Some of the basic themes under each of the organizing themes include strengthening the relationship with God, performing acts of worship, respecting the rights of others, regulating family relationships, consultation, teamwork, good morality, altruism, attention to animals, plants and nature, hope. , responsibility, patience and meditation. The findings showed that the continuous presence of people in religious groups and communities leads to strengthening the relationship with God, prioritizing obtaining divine approval, improving relationships with family members, relatives, neighbors and other members of society, respecting the opinions of others, strengthening The spirit of seeking participation and responsibility, honoring and dealing responsibly with the creatures of existence, not being attached to worldly pleasures, and increasing patience and tolerance in the face of problems

Chronic Lithium Treatment Increased Intracellular S100ß Levels in Rat Primary Neuronal Culture

S100ß a neurotrophic factor mainly released by astrocytes, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder. Thus, lithium may exert its neuroprotective effects to some extent through S100ß. Furthermore, the possible effects of lithium on astrocytes as well as on interactions between neurons and astrocytes as a part of its mechanisms of actions are unknown. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of lithium on S100β in neurons, astrocytes and a mixture of neurons and astrocytes. Rat primary astrocyte, neuronal and mixed neuro-astroglia cultures were prepared from cortices of 18-day's embryos. Cell cultures were exposed to lithium (1mM) or vehicle for 1day (acute) or 7 days (chronic). RT-PCR and ELISA determined S100β mRNA and intra- and extracellular protein levels. Chronic lithium treatment significantly increased intracellular S100β in neuronal and neuro-astroglia cultures in comparison to control cultures (P<0.05). Acute and chronic lithium treatments exerted no significant effects on intracellular S100β protein levels in astrocytes, and extracellular S100β protein levels in three studied cultures as compared to control cultures. Acute and chronic lithium treatments did not significantly alter S100β mRNA levels in three studied cultures, compared to control cultures. Chronic lithium treatment increased intracellular S100ß protein levels in a cell-type specific manner which may favor its neuroprotective action. The findings of this study suggest that lithium may exert its neuroprotective action, at least partly, by increasing neuronal S100ß level, with no effect on astrocytes or interaction between neurons and astrocytes

Locating of Suitable Area of Pumping Drinking Water Using FAHP Method (Case Study: Birjand Aquifer)

Groundwater quality deterioration which originates from excessive pumping caused motivation of the identification of suitable area for groundwater harvesting. In this study, eight quality parameters e.g. Na, Ca, Mg, SO4, TDS, EC, CL and NO3 of Schuler standard along with water level drawdown and water transmissivity coefficient (T) were considered as decision criteria and were calculated using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Then raster data layers of criteria were prepared in GIS tools fuzzified using fuzzy membership function and criteria fuzzy layers decision were created by overlaying of fuzzy raster layers of criteria. As main goal of the paper, final layer of suitable area of water drinking harvest was categorized in five class containing poor, average, fairly good, good and very good levels. The results showed that 2.24, 28.08, 27.86, 28.17 and 13.63 percent of the aquifer area respectively are placed in the mentioned classes. Also a comparison was carried out between modeling results and drinking water wells in the aquifer. Results showed that the eastern parts of the plain have favorable conditions for water drinking exploitation

Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria in Iran: A Narrative Review Article

Background: Malaria is the most important transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) in worldwide after viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The main objective of the present study was to review and evaluate the transmission of malaria via blood transfusion in Iran. Methods: A literature search was done without time limitation in the electronic databases as follows: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, scientific information database (SID), Magiran, IranMedex and Irandoc. The searches were limited to the published papers to English and Persian languages. Results: Six papers were eligible. From 1963 to 1983, 344 cases of Transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) had been reported from different provinces of Iran. The most prevalent species of involved Plasmodium in investigated cases of TTM was Plasmodium malariae (79.24%). The screening results of 1,135 blood donors for malaria were negative by microscopic examination of peripheral blood smears and rapid diagnostic test (RDT) methods. Conclusion: Lack of TTM report from Iran in the last three decades indicates that the screening of blood donors through interviewing (donor selection) may be effective in the prevention of the occurrence of transfusion-transmitted malaria

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Dysfunction of Hippocampal Formation in Cognition

Background: Fetal alcohol syndrome is associated with numerous problems in the development and function of the brain. Learning and memory deficits are among well known effects of prenatal exposure to alcohol. Objective: This study aimed to examine the spatial working memory of 60-day old rats who were exposed to alcohol during their fetal life and to find the relation between the possible alcoholimpaired spatial memory and gestational period of exposure to alcohol. Materials and Methods: Pregnant rats in different stages of gestation period were administered with ethanol. Using a radial arm maze, the offspring were subjected to spatial working memory training at 60 days of postnatal age. Results: The rats exposed to ethanol during the first 10 days of fetal life indicated lower performances compared to the controls. Those receiving alcohol during the second half of pregnancy period had no problem in maze navigation. Behavior of the animals exposed to alcohol during the first and the second quarter of the gestation period demonstrated that only the latter were weak in solving maze tasks. The groups related to the third and the forth quarter of gestation period had a similar behavior with the control group. Comparison of the animals' performances in all groups revealed that only the second quarter group was the most disadvantaged. Conclusion: Our data indicates that the second quarter of the gestation period is more sensitive to harmful effects of alcohol on the areas of brain involved in learning and memory. Since the hippocampus is central in cognitive functions and this part of brain is highly vulnerable to alcohol effects it can be concluded that the hippocampus is mostly affected in the second quarter of prenatal life