A study of the Tersilochine parasites of vegetable weevils of the genus Listeroderes (Hym., Ichneumonidae)

In 1942-45, a field study was made of the parasites of vegetable weevils of the genus Listroderes in Argentina and Uruguay (Parker, Berry & Silveria 1950), with the object of rearing suitable parasites for the control of these weevils in California. Three Tersilochine Ichneuntonidae ,were recorded, of which the two commoner were described as Porizon parkeni and argentinensis spp. n. by Blanchard (1945), and the third was not determined to genus. The "Porizon" species were not successfully established in California owing, it is stated, to the difficulty of changing the seasonal rhythm established -in the southern hemisphere.Peer reviewe

Geochemical and tectonic uplift controls on rock nitrogen inputs across terrestrial ecosystems

Rock contains > 99% of Earth's reactive nitrogen (N), but questions remain over the direct importance of rock N weathering inputs to terrestrial biogeochemical cycling. Here we investigate the factors that regulate rock N abundance and develop a new model for quantifying rock N mobilization fluxes across desert to temperate rainforest ecosystems in California, USA. We analyzed the N content of 968 rock samples from 531 locations and compiled 178 cosmogenically derived denudation estimates from across the region to identify landscapes and ecosystems where rocks account for a significant fraction of terrestrial N inputs. Strong coherence between rock N content and geophysical factors, such as protolith, (i.e. parent rock), grain size, and thermal history, are observed. A spatial model that combines rock geochemistry with lithology and topography demonstrates that average rock N reservoirs range from 0.18 to 1.2 kg N m-3 (80 to 534 mg N kg-1) across the nine geomorphic provinces of California and estimates a rock N denudation flux of 20-92 Gg yr-1 across the entire study area (natural atmospheric inputs ~ 140 Gg yr-1). The model highlights regional differences in rock N mobilization and points to the Coast Ranges, Transverse Ranges, and the Klamath Mountains as regions where rock N could contribute meaningfully to ecosystem N cycling. Contrasting these data to global compilations suggests that our findings are broadly applicable beyond California and that the N abundance and variability in rock are well constrained across most of the Earth system

Reaction mechanism for the replacement of calcite by dolomite and siderite: Implications for geochemistry, microstructure and porosity evolution during hydrothermal mineralisation

Carbonate reactions are common in mineral deposits due to CO2-rich mineralising fluids. This study presents the first in-depth, integrated analysis of microstructure and microchemistry of fluid-mediated carbonate reaction textures at hydrothermal conditions. In doing so, we describe the mechanisms by which carbonate phases replace one another, and the implications for the evolution of geochemistry, rock microstructures and porosity. The sample from the 1.95 Moz Junction gold deposit, Western Australia, contains calcite derived from carbonation of a metamorphic amphibole—plagioclase assemblage that has further altered to siderite and dolomite. The calcite is porous and contains iron-rich calcite blebs interpreted to have resulted from fluid-mediated replacement of compositionally heterogeneous amphiboles. The siderite is polycrystalline but nucleates topotactically on the calcite. As a result, the boundaries between adjacent grains are low-angle boundaries (<10°), which are geometrically similar to those formed by crystal–plastic deformation and recovery. Growth zoning within individual siderite grains shows that the low-angle boundaries are growth features and not due to deformation. Low-angle boundaries develop due to the propagation of defects at grain faces and zone boundaries and by impingement of grains that nucleated with small misorientations relative to each other during grain growth.The cores of siderite grains are aligned with the twin planes in the parent calcite crystal showing that the reactant Fe entered the crystal along the twin boundaries. Dolomite grains, many of which appear to in-fill space generated by the siderite replacement, also show alignment of cores along the calcite twin planes, suggesting that they did not grow into space but replaced the calcite. Where dolomite is seen directly replacing calcite, it nucleates on the Fe-rich calcite due to the increased compatibility of the Fe-bearing calcite lattice relative to the pure calcite. Both reactions are interpreted as fluid-mediated replacement reactions which use the crystallography and elemental chemistry of the calcite. Experiments of fluid-mediated replacement reactions show that they proceed much faster than diffusion-based reactions. This is important when considering the rates of reactions relative to fluid flow in mineralising systems

Description of a new species of Callocleonymus mast, with a note on the genus Notanisus walker (Hyrn., Chalcidoidea)

1 lámina. Número enero-diciembreIn connection with recent work on the European species of Cleonymus Latreille (Kerrich & Graham 1957), a study was made, for comparative purposes, of an undetermined species, which had been received many years ago by the Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, which had been incorporated in the British Museum collection by Ch. Ferrière, and .which was afterwards attributed by the present author to the genus Callocleonymus Ma.si 1 940. it seems desirable to publish a description. so that the genus may be represented in the British Museum by a determined species, particularly as the cotypes of C. pulcher Masi cannot now be traced in the collections in Genoa or Naples. Moreover the new species was reared, and the host is known at least to family.Peer reviewe

Second note on the genus Callocleonymus Masi (Hym. Chalcidoidea)

Masi (1940) described the genus Callocleonymus from three specimens of his single new species pulcher from Somaliland. He gave a detailed description of genus and species, and a number of figures. Kerrieh (1957) described a second species, making comparison omy -with Masi's description and figures, for the type material was not available at that time. It is unfortunate that Dr. Masi, who contributed so much to our knowledge of the Chalcidoidea, especially of southern Europe and Africa, left the material he studied so arranged that no-one but a specialist with a thorough knowledge of his work can readily find any particular item.Peer reviewe

A REVISION OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL SPECIES OF THE EULOPHID GENUS PEDIOBIUS HYMENOPTERA CHALCIDOIDEA

Volume: 29Start Page: 113End Page: 19

On the classification of the anagyrine Encyrtidae, with a revision of some of the genera (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)

Volume: 20Start Page: 143End Page: 25

A review, and a revision in greater part, of the Cteniscini of the Old World (Hym., Ichneumonidae)

Volume: 2Start Page: 307End Page: 45