142 research outputs found
Unusual Carbonaceous Dust Distribution in PN G095.2+00.7
We investigate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon features in the young
Galactic planetary nebula PN G095.2+00.7 based on mid-infrared observations.
The near- to mid-infrared spectra obtained with the AKARI/IRC and the
Spitzer/IRS show the PAH features as well as the broad emission feature at 12
{\mu}m usually seen in proto-planetary nebulae (pPNe). The spatially resolved
spectra obtained with Subaru/COMICS suggest that the broad emission around 12
{\mu}m is distributed in a shell-like structure, but the unidentified infrared
band at 11.3 {\mu}m is selectively enhanced at the southern part of the nebula.
The variation can be explained by a difference in the amount of the UV
radiation to excite PAHs, and does not necessarily require the chemical
processing of dust grains and PAHs. It suggests that the UV self-extinction is
important to understand the mid-infrared spectral features. We propose a
mechanism which accounts for the evolutionary sequence of the mid-infrared dust
features seen in a transition from pPNe to PNe.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
中間赤外線による双極状惑星状星雲 低温ダスト分布の研究
学位の種別: 課程博士審査委員会委員 : (主査)東京大学准教授 田中 培生, 東京大学教授 大橋 永芳, 東京大学准教授 小林 尚人, 国立天文台准教授 浮田 信治, 宇宙航空研究開発機構准教授 山村 一誠University of Tokyo(東京大学
Recurrent, Tumor Mutation Burden-High, Cutaneous Angiosarcoma of the Scalp Treated with Pembrolizumab
Introduction: Chemoradiotherapy with taxanes is well-recognized as a first-line therapy for cutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS), but second-line therapy for CAS is still controversial. Case Presentation: In this report, we described a 75-year-old Japanese case of recurrent, tumor mutation burden-high CAS on the scalp treated with pembrolizumab. Our present case survived for 1 year despite of taxane refractory CAS with mediastinal lymph node metastasis, though the administration of anti-PD-1 Abs alone could not fully suppress the tumor progression of CAS. Conclusion: Since various factors such as pro-angiogenic molecules are correlated with the tumor progression in CAS, the administration of anti-PD-1 Abs alone could not fully suppress the tumor progression of CAS. Further novel anticancer drugs are needed in the future for the treatment of CAS
Case Report: Unresectable pulmonary metastases of a giant cell tumor of bone treated with denosumab: a case report and review of literature
Giant cell tumors of bone (GCTB) sometimes metastasize to distant organs. In this case report, we present pulmonary metastases of GCTB mimicking malignancies. A 49-year-old man underwent two surgical treatments for a GCTB of the right proximal radius. At the time of the second surgery, no lesions were observed on chest radiography. Three years after surgery, the patient presented with cough and dyspnea, and chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple lung nodules. Positron emission tomography/CT revealed a high accumulation of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) in multiple lesions. Based on the rapid growth and accumulation of 18F-FDG, a metastatic malignant tumor was suspected. CT-guided needle biopsy was performed, and the histology showed proliferation of spindle cells and multinuclear giant cells without malignant changes. Denosumab was administered because multiple lung lesions were unresectable. One month after denosumab treatment, CT showed marked shrinkage of the lesions, and the symptoms significantly improved. Eighteen months after the initial treatment with denosumab, the patient had no symptoms or tumor growth. Although its long-term efficacy and safety remain unclear, denosumab may be a treatment option for patients with unresectable pulmonary GCTB
Environmental impact on star-forming galaxies in a cluster during course of galaxy accretion
Galaxies change their properties as they assemble into clusters. In order to
understand the physics behind that, we need to go back in time and observe
directly what is occurring in galaxies as they fall into a cluster. We have
conducted a narrow-band and -band imaging survey on a cluster CL1604-D at
using a new infrared instrument SWIMS installed at the Subaru
Telescope. The narrow-band filter, NB1261, matches to H emission from
the cluster at . Combined with a wide range of existing data from
various surveys, we have investigated galaxy properties in and around this
cluster in great detail. We have identified 27 H emitters associated
with the cluster. They have significant overlap with MIPS 24m sources and
are located exclusively in the star forming regime on the rest-frame
diagram. We have identified two groups of galaxies near the cluster in the 2D
spatial distribution and the phase-space diagram, which are likely to be
in-falling to the cluster main body. We have compared various physical
properties of star forming galaxies, such as specific star formation rates
(burstiness) and morphologies (merger) as a function of environment; cluster
center, older group, younger group, and the field. As a result, a global
picture has emerged on how the galaxy properties are altered as they assemble
into a denser region. This includes the occurrence of mergers, enhancement of
star formation activity, excursion to the dusty starburst phase, and eventual
quenching to a passive phase.Comment: 19 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Error bars in
Table 2 correcte
Separated Transcriptomes of Male Gametophyte and Tapetum in Rice: Validity of a Laser Microdissection (LM) Microarray
In flowering plants, the male gametophyte, the pollen, develops in the anther. Complex patterns of gene expression in both the gametophytic and sporophytic tissues of the anther regulate this process. The gene expression profiles of the microspore/pollen and the sporophytic tapetum are of particular interest. In this study, a microarray technique combined with laser microdissection (44K LM-microarray) was developed and used to characterize separately the transcriptomes of the microspore/pollen and tapetum in rice. Expression profiles of 11 known tapetum specific-genes were consistent with previous reports. Based on their spatial and temporal expression patterns, 140 genes which had been previously defined as anther specific were further classified as male gametophyte specific (71 genes, 51%), tapetum-specific (seven genes, 5%) or expressed in both male gametophyte and tapetum (62 genes, 44%). These results indicate that the 44K LM-microarray is a reliable tool to analyze the gene expression profiles of two important cell types in the anther, the microspore/pollen and tapetum
The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force
「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection
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