Canonical Equivariant Cohomology Classes Generating Zeta Values of Totally Real Fields

It is known that the special values at nonpositive integers of a Dirichlet $L$-function may be expressed using the generalized Bernoulli numbers, which are defined by a canonical generating function. The purpose of this article is to consider the generalization of this classical result to the case of Hecke $L$-functions of totally real fields. Hecke $L$-functions may be expressed canonically as a finite sum of zeta functions of Lerch type. By combining the non-canonical multivariable generating functions constructed by Shintani, we newly construct a canonical class, which we call the Shintani generating class, in the equivariant cohomology of an algebraic torus associated to the totally real field. Our main result states that the specializations at torsion points of the derivatives of the Shintani generating class give values at nonpositive integers of the zeta functions of Lerch type. This result gives the insight that the correct framework in the higher dimensional case is to consider higher equivariant cohomology classes instead of functions.Comment: 18 pages, Updated version with minor correction

〈Original Papers〉Modulation of diurnal precipitation occurrences observed in the Tibetan Plateau during monsoon season of 1998

Relations between the diurnal change of the radar echo areas and surface condition were examined at the central Tibetan Plateau during the monsoon season in 1998. During the late June, under the synoptic conditions of prevailing surface heat low with Tibetan anticyclone, a weekly time scale modulation was clearly observed in the diurnal changes of the convective activity, such as the delay of the daytime precipitation clouds toward evening, especially over the southern mountainous areas. The feature was confirmed by the diurnal weather changes indicated by multiple surface meteorological elements. Surface energy flux and hydro-meteorological measurements showed that the modulation was associated with weekly scale reducing of morning sensible heating and suppression of the planetary boundary layer development during midday. The increase of soil-surface moisture in the morning was also confirmed by the surface albedo measurements. Therefore, we hypothesize the cause of the delay of daytime precipitation by land-surface moistening due to precipitation in the previous days

pp-adic Polylogarithms and pp-adic Hecke LL-functions for Totally Real Fields

The purpose of this article is to newly define the $p$-adic polylogarithm as an equivariant class in the cohomology of a certain infinite disjoint union of algebraic tori associated to a totally real field. We will then express the special values of $p$-adic $L$-functions interpolating nonpositive values of Hecke $L$-functions of the totally real field in terms of special values of these $p$-adic polylogarithms.Comment: 32 page

All-or-none switching of transcriptional activity on single DNA molecules caused by a discrete conformational transition

Recently, it has been confirmed that long duplex DNA molecules with sizes larger than several tens of kilo-base pairs (kbp), exhibit a discrete conformational transition from an elongated coil state to a compact globule state upon the addition of various kinds of chemical species that usually induce DNA condensation. In this study, we performed a single-molecule observation on a large DNA, Lambda ZAP II DNA (ca. 41 kbp), in a solution containing RNA polymerase and substrates along with spermine, a tetravalent cation, at different concentrations, by use of fluorescence staining of both DNA and RNA. We found that transcription, or RNA production, is completely inhibited in the compact state, but is actively performed in the unfolded coil state. Such an all-or-none effect on transcriptional activity induced by the discrete conformational transition of single DNA molecules is discussed in relation to the mechanism of the regulation of large-scale genetic activity.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figure

Response to "Comment on `Quantum-confinement effects on the optical and dielectric properties for mesocrystals of BaTiO3 and SrBi2Ta2O9\u27"

In this reply, the authors show that the argument by Scott regarding the band gap of bulk SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) is not based on concrete evidence. The authors will also show additional data from a Raman study of a powdered SBT sample to prove that the surface of the specimen was not covered by Bi2O3

Polaron Masses in CH₃NH₃PbX₃ Perovskites Determined by Landau Level Spectroscopy in Low Magnetic Fields

次世代太陽電池材料 ペロブスカイト半導体中の「電子の重さ」の評価に成功 --太陽電池やLED応用へ向けてさらなる期待--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2021-06-14.We investigate the electron-phonon coupling in CH₃NH₃PbX₃ lead halide perovskites through the observation of Landau levels and high-order excitons at weak magnetic fields, where the cyclotron energy is significantly smaller than the longitudinal optical phonon energy. The reduced masses of the carriers and the exciton binding energies obtained from these data are clearly influenced by polaron formation. We analyze the field-dependent polaronic and excitonic properties, and show that they can be quantitatively reproduced by the Fröhlich large polaron model