Characterization of the Anodic Film and Corrosion Resistance of an A535 Aluminum Alloy after Intermetallics Removal by Different Etching Time

Copyright © 2022 by the authors. The objective of this study was to improve the corrosion resistance of an A535 alloy by removing intermetallics on the alloy surface by alkaline etching to improve the morphologies and properties of the anodic film that was sealed with different sealants. It was found that alkaline etching for 4 min was suitable for dissolving intermetallic particles and simultaneously providing sufficient roughness for the adhesion of an oxide film to the Al matrix. The effect of alkaline etching revealed that a decrease in the intermetallic fraction from 21% to 16% after etching for 2 and 4 min, respectively, corresponded to the increase in the surface roughness, thickness, and consistency of the anodic film. It was also demonstrated that the surface morphology of the anodic films after stearic acid sealing was more uniform and compact than that after nickel fluoride sealing. The electrochemical polarization curves and salt spray test proved that the alloy etched for 4 min and sealed with stearic acid had better corrosion resistance as compared with the aluminum alloy sealed with nickel fluoride.This work was supported by the Research Strengthening of academic year 2563, the Project of Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut University of Technology Thonburi year 2020

Effect of Homogenization on Anodic Film and Electrochemical Behavior of an A535 Alloy After Sealing with Stearic Sealant

Research Strengthening the Project of Faculty of Engineering, KMUTT year 2563; Thailand Science Research and Innovation (TSRI) under Fundamental Fund 2022

Systematic review and network meta-analysis: efficacy of drugs for functional dyspepsia

Background Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a relapsing and remitting condition affecting between 5% and 10% of people. Efficacious therapies are available, but their relative efficacy is unknown. Aim To perform a systematic review with network meta‐analysis to resolve this uncertainty. Methods We searched the medical literature through July 2020 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing efficacy of drugs for adults with FD, compared with each other, or placebo. Trials reported a dichotomous assessment of symptom status after completion of therapy. We pooled data using a random effects model. Efficacy was reported as a pooled relative risk (RR) of remaining symptomatic with a 95% confidence interval (CI) to summarise efficacy of each comparison tested. Relative ranking was assessed with surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) probabilities. Results We identified 71 eligible RCTs (19 243 participants). Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) were ranked second for efficacy (RR of remaining symptomatic = 0.71; 95% CI 0.58‐0.87, SUCRA 0.87), and first when only low risk of bias trials were included. Most RCTs that used TCAs recruited patients who were refractory to other drugs included in the network. Although sulpiride or levosulpiride were ranked first for efficacy (RR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.36‐0.69, SUCRA 0.99), trial quality was low and only 86 patients received active therapy. TCAs were more likely to cause adverse events than placebo. Conclusions TCAs, histamine‐2 receptor antagonists, standard‐ and low‐dose proton pump inhibitors, sulpiride or levosulpiride, itopride and acotiamide were all more efficacious than placebo for FD