False starts and reformulations in the study of everyday musical life in urban China

Drawing on preliminary fieldwork experiences in the small city of Kaili, Guizhou province, I present a self-critical examination of the assumptions that hindered my initial attempts to study musical practices during fieldwork. Affronted by the exoticizing representations of tourism literature, I had anticipated the opportunity to contrast these representations with the diversity of everyday music-making in the city. What I had not anticipated was the denial of the existence of music in Kaili by its inhabitants, or at least, of music which they considered worthy of academic study, writes Paul Kendall

Do consumer voices in health-care citizens’ juries matter?

Background There is widespread agreement that the public should be engaged in health-care decision making. One method of engagement that is gaining prominence is the citizens’ jury, which places citizens at the centre of the deliberative process. However, little is known about how the jury process works in a health-care context. There is even less clarity about how consumer perspectives are heard within citizens’ juries and with what consequences. Objectives This paper focuses on what is known about the role of consumer voices within health-care citizens’ juries, how these voices are heard by jurors and whether and in what ways the inclusion or exclusion of such voices may matter. Results Consumer voices are not always included in health-care citizens’ juries. There is a dearth of research on the conditions under which consumer voices emerge (or not), from which sources and why. As a result, little is known about what stories are voiced or silenced, and how such stories are heard by jurors, with what consequences for jurors, deliberation, decision-makers, policy and practice. Discussion and Conclusion The potential role of consumer voices in influencing deliberations and recommendations of citizens’ juries requires greater attention. Much needed knowledge about the nuances of deliberative processes will contribute to an assessment of the usefulness of citizens’ juries as a public engagement mechanism

Kinematics of Great Basin Intraplate Extension from Earthquake, Geodetic and Geologic Information

Strain rates assessed from brittle fracture, associated with earthquakes, and total brittle-ductile deformation measured from geodetic data have been compared to paleostrain from Quaternary geology for the intraplate Great Basin of the western United States. These data provide an assessment of the kinematics and mode of lithospheric extension that the western U.S. Cordillera has experienced in the last 5-10 million years. Strain and deformation rates were determined by the seismic moment tensor method using historic seismicity and fault plane solutions. By subdividing the Great Basin into areas of homogeneous strain it was possible to examine regional variations in the strain field. Contemporary deformation of the Great Basin occurs principally along the active seismic zones: the southern Intermountain Seismic Belt - 4.7 mm/ a maximum deformation rate, along most of the western boundary, the Sierra Nevada front - 28.0 mm/ a maximum deformation rate, and along the west central Nevada seismic belt - 7.5 mm/ a maximum deformation rate. The earthquake related strain shows that the Great Basin is characterized by regional E-W extension at 8.4 mm/ a in the north that diminishes to NW-SE extension of 3.5mm/ a in the south. These results show -8-10 mm/ a deformation associated with earthquakes that compares to -9mm/ a determined from satellite geodesy and tectonic plate models, implying that modern strain is generally reliant on earthquakes. Zones of maximum extension correspond to belts of shallow crust, high heat flow, and Quaternary basaltic volcanism, suggesting that these parameters are related through an effect such as a stress relaxation allowing bouys, uplift and ascension of magmas

Oyster and Hard Clam Distribution in the Lower York River With Notes on Culture, Disease and Pollution

Outlined in this report are aspects of the distribution and. culture of clams and oysters of the lower York River. Included are two acetate overlays attached to u. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart 492. The first shows locations and density of the hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria; the second shows the location of public oyster and clam grounds, oyster planting ground, and half-acre plots held by riparian rights . Accompanying the latter chart is a complete list of the names and addresses of the holders of all riparian rights and lease holders (Appendix I). The area covered by this list is from the mouth of the York River to Cheatam Annex. Also included in this report are current and past shellfish cultural practices and a brief summary of oyster diseases in the area

Survey of Leased Oyster Grounds Adjacent to the James River Bridge at Newport News, Virginia

This report describes the condition of leased oyster\u27 grounds in the area which is adjacent to the proposed construction site of the second James River Bridge. This survey was accomplished by taking numerous samples of the bottom with the aid of patent tongs and counting numbers of living oysters and hard clams. The quantity of shells taken.was noted and observations were made on the nature of the· bottom. During this study, which extended frorri 31 July to 11 August, 1972, nine individual tracts of leased bottom were investigated, and ~222 samples of the bottom were collected (Table 1). A second study was conducted during September and October, 1972 by an experienced diver who swam over all nine tracts to determine the density of exposed oyster shell, the character of the bottom and the number of living oysters. A third study estimated dollar value of lands belonging to the Ballard Fish and \u27Oyster Company adjacent to the present James River Bridge (See Appendix)

Survival and growth of cultchless spat planted by the VMRC in Nomini and lower Machodoc Creek

This report briefly summaries previous data and describes the survey for 22 October 1974. We have submitted reports to the Commission on the status of these plantings in April, 1974, and again in August, 1974. These data will not be repeated in detail, but pertinent aspects will be reviewed

A survey in the Elizabeth River for oysters, clams and shell in the vicinity of the proposed TRANSCO construction site

This study was conducted by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science at Gloucester Point, Virginia at the request of Woodward Envicon Inc. Its purpose was to evaluate the magnitude of populations of hard clams Mercenaria mercenaria, oysters Crassos.trea virginica, I and shell in the area of the proposed TRANSCO channel, in the Elizabeth River, Virginia

Estimates of heterosis and inbreeding depression for crosses of lowa maize populations

Relative success of maize (Zea mays L.) breeding programs depends on the proper choice of parental germplasm and the recognition and the use of heterotic groups. Our objective was to identify maize populations with exotic germplasm that would be potentially useful germplasm sources in temperate area maize breeding programs. A factorial mating design was used to produce 35 crosses between seven Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic and five non-Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic populations. The 12 parental populations and their 35 population crosses also were selfed to produce F2 generation. The two sets of genetic materials were evaluated at five Iowa locations for two years. Estimates of general combining ability (GCA) for each parental population and specific combining ability (SCA), heterosis (H) and inbreeding depression (ID) for each population cross were determined for grain yield. The population cross, BS10(FR)C14 by BS29(R)C3, had the greatest significant estimate of SCA (0.55* t ha-1), the greatest grain yield at the F1 (8.30 t ha-1) and F2 (6.71 t ha-1) generations, the lowest estimate of ID (1.59 t ha-1), but the estimate of H (1.90 t ha-1) was similar to the average estimate of H (1.74 t ha-1) for all crosses. BS10(FR)C14 is a selected strain within the Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic heterotic group, whereas BS29(R)C3 is an adapted strain of Suwan-1 a tropical cultivar that originated in Thailand. BSSS(R)C14 (0.63* t ha-1) and BS13(S)C9 (0.54* t ha-1), both selected strains of Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic, had the greatest estimates of GCA of all parental populations; BS10(FR)C14 had a significantly positive GCA estimate (0.25* t ha-1), which was similar in magnitude to the GCA estimates for BS11(FR)C14, BS29(R)C3, and BSCB1(R)C14 of the non-Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic heterotic group. The data provide information on the relative performance of the populations assigned to the respective heterotic groups of the U.S. Corn Belt, and that BS29(R)C3 includes germplasm that could enhance the genetic variation of the non-Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic heterotic group

A final report to the Virginia Department of Highways on hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) populations in the vicinity of the Hampton Roads bridge-tunnel (I-64)

I-564 will be constructed in Hampton Roads in an area where the hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria is fished commercially. Because of this clam 1s economic value and because Hampton Roads is the major producing region for this species, it is worthwhile that every prer:: aution be taken during construction of I-664 to minimize the possibility of damage to this resource. To achieve this objective, this study was undertaken to evaluate the pwsible impact of I-64 and of construction activities around I-64 on adjacent populations of the hard clam. The objective of the study was that if damage or potential damage is noted, construction techniques may be modified during I-664 construction so that damage in the vicinity of the new area is minimized