Correction: MoSET1 (Histone H3K4 Methyltransferase in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>) Regulates Global Gene Expression during Infection-Related Morphogenesis

<p>Correction: MoSET1 (Histone H3K4 Methyltransferase in <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>) Regulates Global Gene Expression during Infection-Related Morphogenesis</p

Comparisons of H3K4 methylation dynamics during germination tube formation between MoSET1-dependent and -independent gene sets.

<p>“MoSET1-dependent genes” were defined based on a comparison of FC values (germination tubes [GT]/mycelia [myc]) between wild-type and Δmoset1 strains (see <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005385#sec002" target="_blank">Results</a>). When the rate of FC increase or decrease of a gene in the Δmoset1 strain was less than 50% of the wild-type strain, the gene was categorized as a MoSET1-dependent gene. Genes not meeting the criterion were classified as “MoSET1-independent genes”. MoSET1-dependent and -independent genes were further divided into “up-regulated (UP)” and “down-regulated (DOWN) gene groups. The levels of H3K4 methylation (H3K4me2 or H3K4me3) in each group is represented as a box plot. In the box plots, the central black line indicates the median value, and the top and bottom edges of the box are the 75th and 25th percentiles. The whiskers extend to the most extreme data points which are no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range from the box.</p

Inoculation test of KMT deletion mutants and their complemented strains.

<p>Infection assay was performed using the wheat cultivar Norin 4 at 22°C. Five days after inoculation, symptoms on the inoculated plants were evaluated by a grading method (see <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005385#sec012" target="_blank">Materials & Methods</a>). This experiment was repeated at least three times, and representative samples are presented.</p

Infection types in wheat and barley cultivars inoculated with the wild type and mokmt deletion strains.

<p>- The size of lesion: 0, no visible evidence of infection; 1, pinpoint spots; 2, small lesion (<1.5 mm); 3, lesion with an intermediate size (<3 mm); 4, large and typical lesion; 5, complete blighting of leaf blades.</p><p>- The color of lesion: G: green, B: brown. 0 to 3B: resistant; 3G to 5G: susceptible</p><p>Infection types in wheat and barley cultivars inoculated with the wild type and mokmt deletion strains.</p

Putative <i>M</i>. <i>oryzae</i> histone lysine methyltranferases (KMTs) used in this study.

<p>Putative <i>M</i>. <i>oryzae</i> histone lysine methyltranferases (KMTs) used in this study.</p

H3K4-me2 and -me3 abundance was generally associated with active transcription.

<p>(A)-(B) Genes were separated into groups of 100 genes according to their expression levels from high to low (left to right on the x axis) in mycelia (A) and germtubes (B). The average expression level of each gene group is given by an open black box. Open red circles and green triangles indicate the levels of H3K4 me2 and H3K4me3 in the gene groups, respectively. (C) Genes that were up- or down-regulated during infection-related morphogenesis were categorized into 10 groups (5 groups each in up-regulated [u1–u5] or down-regulated genes [d1–d5]) according to their change in transcript levels. The change in the H3K4 methylation (H3K4me2 or H3K4me3) in each group is represented as a box plot. In box plots, the central black line indicates the median value, and the top and bottom edges of the box are the 75th and 25th percentiles. The whiskers extend to the most extreme data points which are no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range from the box.</p

Domain Structure and Boundary in Single-Layer Graphene Grown on Cu(111) and Cu(100) Films

Size, orientation, and boundary of graphene domains are the current focus of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth because they are closely related to graphene’s physical properties. Here, we study the domain structure of single-layer graphene grown by ambient pressure CVD over heteroepitaxial Cu(111) and Cu(100) films. Low energy electron microscope measurements reveal that the Cu(111) film gives uniform single-layer graphene whose orientation is consistent with the underlying Cu lattice for areas over 1 mm². On the other hand, single-layer graphene grown on Cu(100) film exhibits clear multidomain structure with two main orientations rotated by 30°. Moreover, a weak Raman D-band is observed along the domain boundaries for the graphene grown on the Cu(100). Our results give new insights into the growth mechanism of CVD-grown graphene over Cu metals and offer a new direction for the realization of single-crystalline graphene

Western blotting analysis of histone modifications in KMT mutants.

<p>Total protein extracted from <i>M</i>. <i>oryzae</i> cells was subjected to 15% SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and probed with antibodies against H3K4me1 (Active Motif #39298), H3K4me2 (Active Motif #39141), H3K4me3 (Active Motif #39159), H3K9me3 (Active Motif #39161), H4K20me3 (Active Motif #39181), and a C-terminal peptide of histone H3 (Active Motif #39163).</p

KOG functional classification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between vegetative mycelia and germtubes with regard to dependency on <i>Moset1</i>.

<p>A total of 4,077 DEGs identified in the RNA-seq analysis were assigned to KOG functional categories. The assigned DEGs were further subdivided into four groups based on the direction of regulation (up or down) and the dependency on <i>Moset1</i> (see text). The percent distribution of DEGs in the subgroup by KOG category is presented. The number of <i>M</i>. <i>oryzae</i> genes belonging to each KOG functional category is shown in parentheses.</p

Cellular response of wheat leaves cultivar Norin 4 to the wild type and mokmt deletion strains.

<p>HR; hypersensitive response</p><p>Cellular response of wheat leaves cultivar Norin 4 to the wild type and mokmt deletion strains.</p