Planktic foraminiferal assemblages and stable isotope records of the southern Japan Sea during the last 27,000 years

Abstrac

Molecular Adsorption Behavior on an Au(111) Surface(STM-other surfaces)

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was used to study molecular adsorption behavior on reconstructed Au(111) surface. The STM images of ethyl 4-[2-(2-pyrazyl)ethenyl]cinnamate (E25PC) molecules adsorbed on Au(111) revealed ordered nucleation of molecular islands at the initial growth stage. The islands grew with spacing 38 Å in rows 77 Å apart. The periodicity of 38 Å×77 Å corresponds to that of STM images of bare Au(111) reconstructed surface in air. The behavior of molecules adsorbed on Au(111) is discussed from a view point of Au(111) herringbone reconstruction

Initial Stage of Molecular Adsorption on Si(100) and H-terminated Si(100) Investigated by UHV-STM(STM-Si(001))

We have investigated the initial stage of adsorption of a conjugated aromatic compound, 1, 4-bis[β-pyridyl-(2)-vinyl]benzene (P2VB), on the clean Si(100)-2×1 surface and the hydrogen terminated Si(100)-2×1-H surface by ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We found adsorbed molecules cannot migrate on the chemically active Si(100)-2×1 surface, while they can migrate on the chemically inactive hydrogen terminated Si(100)-2×1-H surface until they are trapped to hydrogen-missing dangling bonds. On the clean Si(100)-2×1, we observed four different adsorption directions. An individual molecule appears as two or three bright spots, the brightness and distance between bright spots varying for different cases. Through structural analysis and bias-voltage-dependent STM images, we conclude that the electronic states of Si dimers modulated by the adsorbed molecules are observed instead of the molecules themselves. A simple estimation by considering only the molecular size and shape reproduces the distribution of four different kinds of adsorption structures we observed

Exploring new drilling prospects in the southwest Pacific

A major International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) workshop covering scientific ocean drilling in the southwest Pacific Ocean was held in Sydney, Australia, in late 2012. The workshop covered all fields of geoscience, and drilling targets in the area from the Equator to Antarctica. High-quality contributions and a positive and cooperative atmosphere ensured its success. The four science themes of the new IODP science plan were addressed. An additional resource-oriented theme considered possible co-investment opportunities involving IODP vessels. As a result of the workshop, existing proposals were revised and new ones written for the April 2013 deadline. Many of the proposals are broad and multidisciplinary in nature, hence broadening the scientific knowledge that can be produced by using the IODP infrastructure. This report briefly outlines the workshop and the related drilling plans

Biomarker records from core GH02-1030 off Tokachi in the northwestern Pacific over the last 23,000 years: Environmental changes during the last deglaciation

We investigated marine and terrestrial environmental changes at the northern Japan margin in the northwestern Pacific during the last 23,000 years by analyzing biomarkers (alkenones, long-chain n-alkanes, long-chain n-fatty acids, and lignin-derived materials) in Core GH02-1030. The UK'37-derived temperature in the last glacial maximum (LGM) centered at 21 ka was ~10˚C, which was 2˚C lower than the core-top temperature (~12˚C). This small temperature drop does not agree with pollen evidence of a large air temperature drop (more than 4˚C) in the Tokachi area. This disagreement might be attributed to a bias of UK'37-derived temperature within 2.5˚C by a seasonal shift in alkenone production. The UK'37-derived temperature was significantly low during the last deglaciation. Because this cooling was significant in the Kuroshio-Oyashio transition zone, the temperature drops are attributable to the southward displacement of the Kuroshio-Oyashio boundary. Abundant lignin-derived materials, long-chain n-alkanes and long-chain n-fatty acids indicate a higher contribution of terrigenous organic matter from 17 to 12 ka. This phenomenon might have resulted from an enhanced coastal erosion of terrestrial soils due to marine transgression and/or an efficient inflow of higher plant debris to river waters from 17 to 12 ka