Diagnostic and prognostic values of preoperative serum levels of YKL-40, HE-4 and DKK-3 in endometrial cancer

WOS: 000367869100013PubMed ID: 26607777Objective. The objective of this study is to determine the efficiency of YKL-40, HE-4 and DKK-3 levels in early diagnosis of patients with endometrial cancer and in the pre-operative estimation of the prognostic parameters such as stage, grade and the extension of the disease. Methods. In this prospective study, 50 patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer and 50 women as a control group, who applied to Dokuz Eylul University and Ege University Faculties of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics between May 2011-May 2012 were included. CA125, HE-4, YKL-40 and DKK-3 serum levels were measured by ELISA and compared between two groups. The relation between serum levels and histopathological results, extension of disease and prognostic factors were analyzed. Results. Preoperative serum CA125, HE-4 and YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in endometrial cancer group (p < 0.001). Serum HE-4 levels were significantly higher in advanced stages (p = 0.004). When we examined early stage patients, YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in non-endometrioid histology compared with endometrioid adenocarcinoma (p = 0.022). We also examined the relation between the markers and prognostic factors. Different from other markers, HE-4 levels were significantly higher in endometrial cancer patients who had lymphovascular space involvement, lower uterine segment involvement, endocervical stromal involvement, and deep myometrial invasion. Conclusion. YKL-40 and HE-4 were significantly higher in patients with endometrial cancer. HE-4 seems to be superior to YKL-40 in discriminating early and advanced stages. Additionally, HE4 is significantly correlated with prognostic factors. HE-4 and YKL-40 may be successful in early determination of endometrial cancer and in detection of high risk subsets before surgery

Comparison of F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT findings with vascular endothelial growth factors and receptors in colorectal cancer

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET/CT findings with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and its receptor (VEGFR) levels in metastatic and nonmetastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Fluorine-18 FDG-PET/CT scans were performed for initial staging and restaging of patients with CRC. FDG-PET/CT findings of tumor (such as the presence of a primary tumor, the lymphatic or distance metastases, and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary tumor), serum VEGF A-C-D-E levels, and serum VEGF receptor 1-2-3 levels were analyzed. A total of 63 patients were included into the study (35 males, mean age 61.3 +/- 11.9 years). Patients were divided into two groups, based on positive and negative PET/CT findings. Patients were also categorized according to the presence of metastasis. All evaluated parameters were significantly higher in the PET/CT-positive group than the PET/CT-negative group (p < 0.001). All those parameters were also positively correlated with each other. The highest correlation for SUVmax of primary tumor was found with VEGFR-3 (p < 0.001, r = 0.665). Patients with metastases had high levels of VEGF-D, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-E, and VEGFR-3 than those without metastases. These parameters had better specificity and sensitivity values than the SUVmax of the primary tumor for detection of metastases. However, VEGF-D was the best indicator of metastasis in all of those parameters (VEGF-D vs SUVmax; sensitivity 100 vs 100 %; specificity 76 vs 76 %; AUC 0.903 vs 0.835; p < 0.001, respectively). Vascular endothelial growth factor family and its receptors were significantly higher in metastatic CRC patients. VEGF-D was the best indicator of metastasis than all VEGF family, VEGFR-3, and primary tumor SUVmax. VEGF family (A-C-D-E) and VEGFR-3 may help to determine the prognosis and management of CRC

CA125, YKL-40, HE-4 and Mesothelin: a new serum biomarker combination in discrimination of benign and malign epithelial ovarian tumor

Objective: Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) score are used for classification of ovarian masses (benign/malign) in preoperative stage. However, their discrimination capacity are considered insufficient, and greatly effected by histological subtype and menopausal status. This study aimed to investigate diagnostic performance of Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), Y (tyrosine), K (lysine), and L (leucine)-40 (YKL-40), Mesothelin, Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta (LyGDI), CA125 or their combinations in discrimination of benign/malign ovarian diseases in preoperative stage