Microwave Intensified Synthesis: Batch and Flow Chemistry

Many studies have been conducted on organic and inorganic synthesis by microwave heating owing to its special heating mechanism, leading to improved reaction rate, higher purity and yields. We specifically demonstrated microwave heating in the fabrication of nanoparticles and polyester. By fine-tuning the microwave and experimental parameters, the materials prepared have shown excellent physical and bio-properties, e. g. narrow particle size distribution, controlled morphology, varied molecular structure and so forth. We further highlight the recent procedure of using fluidic reactors on preparing both metals and metal oxides nanoparticles. The experimental design strategies and fundamentals of the microwave interaction with chemicals are presented. Furthermore, the key factors and issues facing in this area are also discussed

RAPD analysis of genetic relatedness among selected quince (Cydonia oblonga MiIL) accessions from different parts of Turkey

Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) is a minor fruit crop, which is primarily used for marmalade, jam, sauce and as rootstocks for pears. Different cultivated and local quince genotypes are grown in almost all parts of Turkey for fruit usage. In this study, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technology was used to study the genetic relationships among 13 quince accessions selected from different parts of Turkey. Thirty decamer primers were used and 14 of them did not produce any polymorphism. The remaining 16 primers ranged in their amplification fragments between one (P-402, P-437, OPA 10, OPA 16, OPA 18 and OPA-19) and five (OPA-06 and OPA-07). The size of fragments varied from 100 to 1500 bp. Similarity values among the studied genotypes ranged between 0.483 and 0.925. The resulting dendrogram clustered into two groups (0.69 similarity value) based on evaluation of genetic similarities and differences. The results suggest that RAPD analysis could be used to distinguish and determine genetic variation among quince accessions. Also, the obtained clustering based on RAPD markers agreed to some extent with the geographical origin of the studied set of quince accessions

RAPD analysis of genetic relatedness among selected quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) accessions from different parts of Turkey

WOS: 000297973900002dBAYAZIT S., IMRAK B., KUDEN A., KEMAL GUNGOR M., 2011. RAPD analysis of genetic relatedness among selected quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) accessions from different parts of Turkey. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 38: 134-141. Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) is a minor fruit crop, which is primarily used for marmalade, jam, sauce and as rootstocks for pears. Different cultivated and local quince genotypes are grown in almost all parts of Turkey for fruit usage. In this study, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technology was used to study the genetic relationships among 13 quince accessions selected from different parts of Turkey. Thirty decamer primers were used and 14 of them did not produce any polymorphism. The remaining 16 primers ranged in their amplification fragments between one (P-402, P-437, OPA 10, OPA 16, OPA 18 and OPA-19) and five (OPA-06 and OPA-07). The size of fragments varied from 100 to 1500 bp. Similarity values among the studied genotypes ranged between 0.483 and 0.925. The resulting dendrogram clustered into two groups (0.69 similarity value) based on evaluation of genetic similarities and differences. The results suggest that RAPD analysis could be used to distinguish and determine genetic variation among quince accessions. Also, the obtained clustering based on RAPD markers agreed to some extent with the geographical origin of the studied set of quince accessions