EFFECTIVENESS OF TOOTHPASTE CONTAINING PROPOLIS, TEA TREE OIL, AND SODIUM MONOFLUOROPHOSPHATE AGAINST PLAQUE AND GINGIVITIS

Objective: Natural ingredients such as propolis and tea tree oil are known to possess antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects that areeffective against periodontal diseases. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of toothpaste containing propolis, tea tree oil, and sodiummonofluorophosphate against dental plaque and gingivitis.Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted for 7 days with 20 subjects in test (using the experimental toothpaste) and control (usingtoothpaste without any natural ingredients) groups each. Measurements of plaque index (PI) and papillary bleeding index (PBI) scores wereperformed on days 0 and 7.Results: Significant decreases (p<0.05) in PI (0.53–0.27) and PBI (0.55–0.11) scores were noted in the test group but not in the control group.Conclusions: Brushing teeth with toothpaste containing propolis, tea tree oil, and sodium monofluorophosphate might be effective in reducing theaccumulation of dental plaque and the severity of gingival bleeding

QUANTIFICATION OF STREPTOCOCCUS SANGUINIS ISOLATED FROM DENTAL PLAQUE AND SALIVA OF SUBJECTS WITH AND WITHOUT CORONARY HEART DISEASE – ANALYSIS USING REAL-TIME PCR: KUANTIFIKASI STREPTOCOCCUS SANGUINIS YANG DIISOLASI DARI PLAK DAN SALIVA GIGI SUBYEK DENGAN DAN TANPA PENYAKIT JANTUNG KORONER DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PCR REAL-TIME

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is the major cause of death in most countries in the world. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have been identified in bacteremia cases and known to have a role in various vascular diseases, including Streptococcus sanguinis which is most frequently isolated from endocarditis patients and often associated with CHD. The purpose of this study was to analyze the number of Streptococcus sanguinis isolated from dental plaque and saliva of subjects with and without CHD. Bacterial colonies isolated from the dental plaque and saliva of 16 subjects without CHD and 8 subjects with CHD were planted in Mitis salivarius agar, and then the DNA was extracted and quantified with a Real-Time PCR technique using 16S rRNA specific primers. The quantification of Real-Time PCR showed that there was a difference in the number of S. sanguinis between the two groups of subjects, but an unpaired T-test showed that the difference was not statistically significant. Furthermore, the number of S. sanguinis from dental plaque in CHD subjects tends to be higher than that of non-CHD subjects whereas the number of S. sanguinis from saliva in non-CHD subjects tends to be higher than that of CHD subjects

Identifikasi Atribut dengan Principal Component Analysis dan K-Means Clustering Sebagai Dasar Penyusunan Strategi Promosi KB Pria di Indonesia

Penggunaan kontrasepsi pria sangat rendah dibandingkan wanita di Indonesia, serta terdapat gap cukup jauh antara penggunaan kontrasepsi pria di Indonesia dengan beberapa negara di Asia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan strategi promosi KB pria di Indonesia. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode Principal Component Analysis (PCA) dan k-means clustering menggunakan 4.453 responden SDKI 2017 mengenai penggunaan KB pria dengan 14 atribut. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan PCA didapatkan 5 principal component, kemudian hasil k-means clustering didapatkan 2 cluster meliputi cluster 1 dan cluster 2. Cluster 1 meliputi 411 pria kawin dengan penggunaan KB pria yang baik dan menduduki sebagian kecil provinsi di Indonesia dan cluster 2 meliputi 4.042 pria kawin dengan penggunaan KB pria kurang baik dan menduduki sebagian besar provinsi di Indonesia. Strategi promosi KB pria pada cluster 1 dilakukan peningkatan sosialisasi, pelayanan KB pria, dan akses media massa, sedangkan cluster 2 dilakukan sosialisasi, pelayanan KB pria, dan akses media massa dengan adanya inovasi. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada pemerintah daerah dan tenaga kesehatan setempat untuk meningkatan sosialisasi, pelayanan KB pria (termasuk konseling), dan akses terhadap media massa kepada pria kawin menyesuaikan karakteristik wilayahnya

EFEK KLINIS SETELAH SKELING DAN PENGHALUSAN AKAR KASUS PERIODONTITIS KRONIS POKET 4-6 MM: CLINICAL EFFECT AFTER SCALING AND ROOT PLANING IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS WITH 4-6 MM DEEP POCKET

Terapi periodontitis kronis poket 4-6 mm biasanya dilakukan kuretase atau operasi flep. Skeling dan penghalusan akar(SPA) dapat mengubah kondisi klinis. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui efek kllinis setelah SPA pada periodontitiskronis poket 4-6 mm. Empat puluh tiga penderita periodontitis kronis dilakukan SPA pada kunjungan awal, hari ketujuh,hari ke-14, hari ke-21, bulan kedua, bulan ketiga, dan bulan keenam. Pada kunjungan awal, bulan kedua, ketiga, dankeenam, sebelum dan setelah SPA dilakukan pemeriksaan kedalaman poket dan Indeks perdarahan gingiva (PBI). Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan terdapat penurunan kedalaman poket dan indeks perdarahan gingival ( p < 0,05) antara sebelumdan sesudah SPA. Sebagai kesimpulan, SPA dapat meningkatkan kondisi klinis pada terapi periodontitis kronis poket 4-6mm

Adjunctive Intracoronal Splint in Periodontal Treatment: Report of Two Cases

Reduction of the amount of tooth roots which are embedded in their periodontium could cause tooth mobility. Splinting a weaker tooth with a more stable one, and using the principle of the multiple-root stabilization is one way to overcome tooth mobility. Temporary splinting aims to prevent pathological migration, restore masticatory function, stabilize teeth before/after surgery, and evaluate the prognosis of periodontal treatment. The use of intracoronal splint is still controversial because there are only a few studies that have evaluated the effect of splinting on periodontal health. We report two cases to evaluate the effect of intracoronal splint on periodontal treatment. Two periodontal cases that use intracoronal splint before, during, and after periodontal regenerative therapy using bone graft. Causes of tooth mobility were removed and the splinting principles, terms and guidelines were mastered to get the maximum results of periodontal treatment. Both cases were evaluated radiographically 10 months after treatment. In these cases, intracoronal splint has supported the therapy before, during, or after surgery. Splinting is only for adjunctive therapy, and does not serve as the sole method in getting occlusal stability.DOI: 10.14693/jdi.v21i3.19

Academic Stress Influences Periodontal Health Condition and Interleukin-1 beta Level

Stress is a risk factor for periodontal disease, causing increase levels of interleukin-1 beta that involve in periodontal destruction. Objective: To analyze the relationship between academic stress in residency program students conditions and levels of interleukin-1 beta in gingival crevicular fluid. Methods: Thirty eight subjects filled the questionnaire of Graduate Dental Environtmental Stress (GDES), periodontal examination and samples of gingival crevicular fluid were tested for interleukin-1 beta with the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test. Results: There were significant differences between academic stress to periodontal tissue in oral hygiene (p=0.038), bleeding on probing index (p=0.02), but no significant differences in pocket depth and loss of attachment (p=0.972). There were significant differences between academic stress to levels of interleukin-1 beta (p=0.03), but no significant differences between levels of interleukin-1 beta to periodontal tissue in oral hygiene (p=0.465), bleeding on probing index (p=0.826), pocket depth (p=0.968), and loss of attachment (p=0.968). Conclusion: Academic stress influences the periodontal risk factor and level of interleukin-1 beta

ANALISIS MORFOLOGI KOLONI DAN KERAGAMAN GENOTIP STREPTOCOCCUS SANGUINIS YANG BERASAL DARI PLAK GIGI DAN SALIVA PENDERITA PENYAKIT JANTUNG KORONER: ANALYSIS OF COLONY MORPHOLOGY AND GENOTYPE DIVERSITY OF STREPTOCOCCUS SANGUINIS FROM THE DENTAL PLAQUE AND SALIVA OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS

Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan akumulasi kalkulus supragingiva pada pasien dengan Penyakit Jantung Koroner(PJK) terbentuk lebih cepat dan lebih banyak dibandingkan pasien non PJK. Streptococcus sanguinis dikenal bukan sajadalam hubungannya dengan pembentukan karang gigi, tetapi juga dengan endokarditis bakterial yang dapat menimbulkankematian. Penelitian awal ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi S.sanguinis yang berasal dari plak gigi dan saliva pasienPJK. Sampel berasal dari plak gigi dan saliva 17 pasien PJK yang disebar pada plat Agar Mitis Salivarius dan diinkubasidalam suasana mikroaerofilik. Total sampel adalah 50,35 berasal plak gigi, 15 dari saliva, yang diasumsikan sebagai S.sanguinis atas`dasar morfologi koloninya yang jelas, lekat, berbentuk bintang, diambil dan dikonfirmasi dengan caramenumbuhkan setiap koloni kedalam agar darah bernutrisi. Bacterial chromosomal DNA diekstraksi dan dikonformasisebagai S. sanguinis dengan menggunakan primer PCR amplifikasi spesifik regio intergenik (475-bp) dan strain standardS. sanguinis ATCC 10556. Diversiti genotip diobservasi menggunakan primer OPA2. Didapatkan 4 dari 50 isolat (8%), 1koloni dari saliva, dan 3 koloni dari plak gigi dikonformasi sebagai S. sanguinis. Sebagai kesimpulan, morfologi koloni S.sanguinis jelas, lekat, berbentuk bintang, didapatkan 4 keragaman genotip S. sanguinis di dalam plak gigi dan salivapasien PJK

Bakteri dalam Plak Gigi dan Saliva Penderita Diabetes Tipe 2, dan Hubungannya dengan Status Agregasi Trombosit

The occurrence of coronary atherosclerosis and acute myocardianl ischemia due to the hyperaggregation of platelets, caused the death of 75-80% of type 2 diabetics. In an invitro study, the aggregation of platelets was influenced by the "Platelet Aggregation Associated Protein" on the surface of dental plaque bacteria, S. sanguis. The aim of the study was to identify bacteria in the supragingival plaque and saliva of type 2 diabetics, and their relationship to the aggregation of platelets. Dental plaque and salivary gland samples from 5 type 2 diabetics were diluted serially, and inoculated in Mitis Salivarius medium. The morphologie of the Colony Forming Units (CFU) Growth were analysed, identified physiologically and biochemically with Api 20 Strep subtrates. Aggregation of platelets of the blood were analysed with Adenosin Di Phosphate. The result of the study showed 22 colonies (CFU), in 6 morphology types. Three morphologytypes were identified as A viridans, the other 3 as Str. acidominus, Lc. lactis lactis, and E. avium. One morphology type of A. viridans, Str .acidominus, Lc. lactis lactis and E. avium were found in subjects with hypoaggregation; 2 morphology types of A. viridans were found in subjects with normal aggregation. It is presumed that type 2 diabetics with Str. acidominus, Lc. lactis actis, E. avium, and certain morphology type of A. viridans in their dental plaque and saliva, hve hyperaggregation of platelet diabetics with two morphology types of A. viridans have normal aggregation of platelets

Akumulasi Kalkulus Gigi yang Berlebihan pada Penderita Diabetes Tipe 2: Gejala Klnis Kemungkinan Menderita Penyakit Jantung Koroner

The relaive risk for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) death in type 2 diabetics was 1.9-3.3 times higher, when compared to non-diabetics. Pathological studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between the presence of coronary calcium and CHD. Previous studies reported that the accumulation of dental plaque and dental calculus, and the severity of periodontal disease in type 2 diabetics were widely varied. A cross-sectional study on periodontal and CHD status of 36 non smoker type 2 diabetics was performed. The periodontal status was determined using Plaque Index of Sillness and Löe, Calculus Index of lingual anterior teeth, Papillary bleeding Index of Muleman, Periodontal Index of Russell, and dental panoramic rontgenogram. The CHD was determined by using standard ECG recording. Statistical analysis was using Fisher's exact test with the significant level of p<0.05. The result of the study showed that a heavy generalized dental plaque accumulation (score>2) was not found in positive CHD diabetics, but found in 925 (36%) of negative CHD diabetics; a slight to moderate dental plaque accumulation was found in 11/11 (100%) of positive CHD diabetics, and 16/25 (64%) of negative CHD diabetics (p=.03). A heavy lingual calculus accumulaiton (score>2) was found in 11/11 (100%) of positive CHD diabetics and 10/25 (40%) of negative CHD diabetics (p=0.006). A severe generalized gingival bleeding (score>2) was not found in positive CHD diabetics, but found in 8/25 (32%) of negative CHD diabetics; a mild to moderate gingival bleeding was found in 11/11 (100%) of positive CHD diabetics and 17/25 (68%) of negative CHD diabetics (p=0.7). A severe generalized periodontal disease (score>5) was not found in positive CHD diabetics, but found in 9/25 (36%) of positive CHD diabetics; a mild to moderate periodontal disease (score<5) was found in 11/11 (100%) of positive CHD diabetics and 16/25 (64%) of negative CHD diabetics (p=.03). In conclusion, our data suggest that in type 2 diabetics, the presence of CHD is significantly correlated with the presence of a slight to moderate dental plaque accumulation, a heavy lingual calculus accumulation of anterior teeth, and a mild to moderate periodontal disease status. Although all the positive CHD diabetics have a mild to moderate gingival bleeding, the CHD status is not significantly correlated with the gingival bleeding status