The Existence of Implicit and Explicit Stereotypes about Unfemininity in STEM and the Effect of Feminine Role Models

Honors (Bachelor's)PsychologyUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91855/1/kmmart.pd

The Effect of Thinking Routines on 4th and 5th-grade Students’ Sense of Agency

This action research project has studied the effects of implementing Agency by Design thinking routines and makerspaces on the development of student agency. The study was conducted in two upper-elementary school classrooms: one fifth-grade suburban classroom in Florida, and one fourth- and fifth-grade rural, gifted and talented classroom in Minnesota. During the study, researchers collected baseline data from a pre-assessment related to student perceptions around their own sense of agency and sensitivity to design. This data was compared to the post-assessment data that was collected using the same survey at the end of the project. Throughout the study, students used sketchbooks to engage in the thinking routines of looking closely, exploring complexity, and finding opportunity. They then used their sketchbooks as inspiration as they participated in four separate makerspace experiences. After each makerspace experience, students assessed their projects for elements that would indicate that agency was present in their product. The compiled and coded data indicated that there was not a strong correlation between the implementation of the thinking routines and makerspace opportunities on the development of student agency. However, positive outcomes were present, and recommendations were made accordingly

The Right of Publicity and the First Amendment in the Modern Age of Commercial Speech

The so-called right of publicity gives individuals a legally protected interest against commercially motivated communicators’ use of their names or likenesses for purposes of commercial gain. Although the right is sometimes viewed as a subcategory of the right of privacy, it may be exercised by the best known celebrities, as well as by the most private individual. It is therefore more properly characterized as a property interest in one’s name and likeness than a protection of one’s privacy. In order to satisfy the concerns of the First Amendment right of free expression, however, the statutory and common law development of the right has always been qualified by a “public interest” exception: the right does not extend to the commercial use of an individual’s name or likeness when either is employed as part of a communication that furthers the public’s interest in acquiring information. This public interest exception, however, has never been applied to the communication of a profit-motivated speaker when the name or likeness is used as part of the commercial promotion of the sale of a product or service. It has long been assumed that such communications are merely commercial advertising, that inherently lack the public importance of expression by the more traditionally protected communications media. This assumption has been made despite the fact that the commercial advertiser may be communicating the exact same information about a celebrity that was given First Amendment like protection when disseminated by the equally commercially motivated media. Although at the time these assumptions were made they were consistent with controlling First Amendment theory and doctrine, courts enforcing the right of publicity appear to have been operating in a time warp over the last thirty years, ignoring all but completely the evolution of a vigorous First Amendment protection of commercial speech. Application of currently accepted doctrinal precepts of commercial speech protection reveal that discrimination against commercial advertisers in invocation of the public interest exception is unambiguously unconstitutional. The only conceivable reason to discriminate against commercial advertisers when they communicate the exact same information about celebrities that is fully protected when disseminated by the commercially motivated communications media is the narrow profit motivation of the advertiser. This, however, is a constitutionally unacceptable basis for distinction; in no other area of First Amendment jurisprudence is a speaker disqualified because of his or her narrow self-interest—even when that interest is purely economic, as in the case of the commercial advertiser. This Article argues that the courts’ willingness to incorporate established precepts of commercial speech protection into their right of publicity calculus is long overdue

Cell biological mechanisms of activity-dependent synapse to nucleus translocation of CRTC1 in neurons.

Previous studies have revealed a critical role for CREB-regulated transcriptional coactivator (CRTC1) in regulating neuronal gene expression during learning and memory. CRTC1 localizes to synapses but undergoes activity-dependent nuclear translocation to regulate the transcription of CREB target genes. Here we investigate the long-distance retrograde transport of CRTC1 in hippocampal neurons. We show that local elevations in calcium, triggered by activation of glutamate receptors and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels, initiate active, dynein-mediated retrograde transport of CRTC1 along microtubules. We identify a nuclear localization signal within CRTC1, and characterize three conserved serine residues whose dephosphorylation is required for nuclear import. Domain analysis reveals that the amino-terminal third of CRTC1 contains all of the signals required for regulated nucleocytoplasmic trafficking. We fuse this region to Dendra2 to generate a reporter construct and perform live-cell imaging coupled with local uncaging of glutamate and photoconversion to characterize the dynamics of stimulus-induced retrograde transport and nuclear accumulation

Antecedents of support for social media content moderation and platform regulation: the role of presumed effects on self and others

This study examines support for regulation of and by platforms and provides insights into public perceptions of platform governance. While much of the public discourse surrounding platforms evolves at a policy level between think tanks, journalists, academics and political actors, little attention is paid to how people think about regulation of and by platforms. Through a representative survey study of US internet users (N = 1,022), we explore antecedents of support for social media content moderation by platforms, as well as for regulation of social media platforms by the government. We connect these findings to presumed effects on self (PME1) and others (PME3), concepts that lie at the core of third-person effect (TPE) and influence of presumed influence (IPI) scholarship. We identify third-person perceptions for social media content: Perceived negative effects are stronger for others than for oneself. A first-person perception operates on the platform level: The beneficial effects of social media platforms are perceived to be stronger for the self than for society. At the behavioral level, we identify age, education, opposition to censorship, and perceived negative effects of social media content on others (PME3) as significant predictors of support for content moderation. Concerning support for regulation of platforms by the government, we find significant effects of opposition to censorship, perceived intentional censorship, frequency of social media use, and trust in platforms. We argue that stakeholders involved in platform governance must take more seriously the attitudes of their constituents

S17RS SGR No. 9 (Interfaith Prayer and Meditation Room)

to urge and request the implementation of an Interfaith Prayer & Meditation Room in the LSU Student Unio

Use of Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Spanish Adults (SAHLSA-50) to Determine the Health Literacy Rate of the Spanish-speaking Population in an Urban Emergency Department

Background: The Hispanic population presents a great opportunity in terms of potential improvements in clinical outcomes and cost reduction for interventions through assessing and improving health literacy. While there are various tools to assess health literacy, many do not assess comprehensive Spanish health literacy. Objectives: We sought to determine the health literacy rate of our Spanish-speaking population in the ED using the SAHLSA-50 tool. Methods: We surveyed a convenience sample of 300 patients from October to November 2012 that presented to our busy, high volume, urban ED. All subjects completed the SAHLSA-50 tool and demographic form with Spanish-speaking research assistants. Results: 63.3% were women. 8% were age 18-25, 42% were 26-40, 45% were 41-65, and 5% were 65+. 11% had less than 3 years of school, 30% had 4-6 years of school, and 59% had at least 7 years of school. Overall, 83% respondents were health literate. Those with less than 3 years of school were95% in those with 7 or more years of school. The elderly (65+) reported least years of school completed and had the lowest health literacy (56.3%). Conclusions: There was an overall health literacy rate of 83.0%. Importantly, those with lower levels of education and elderly patients were more likely to not be health literate. As a next step, targeting those with less education and the elder within the Hispanic population may yield the most impact for improving health literacy and outcomes

The Collaborative Cross: A Systems Genetics Resource for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions

Host genetic variation plays an important role in shaping infectious disease susceptibility. Noll et al. review the application of a genetically diverse mouse reference population, the Collaborative Cross, to study variation in disease response across multiple pathogens, highlighting advances in model development and genetic mapping. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.Host genetic variation has a major impact on infectious disease susceptibility. The study of pathogen resistance genes, largely aided by mouse models, has significantly advanced our understanding of infectious disease pathogenesis. The Collaborative Cross (CC), a newly developed multi-parental mouse genetic reference population, serves as a tractable model system to study how pathogens interact with genetically diverse populations. In this review, we summarize progress utilizing the CC as a platform to develop improved models of pathogen-induced disease and to map polymorphic host response loci associated with variation in susceptibility to pathogens