Time Pressure and System Delays in Information Search

We report preliminary results of the impact of time pres- sure and system delays on search behavior from a laboratory study with forty-three participants. To induce time pres- sure, we randomly assigned half of our study participants to a treatment condition where they were only allowed five minutes to search for each of four ad-hoc search topics. The other half of the participants were given no task time limits. For half of participants’ search tasks (n=2), five second de- lays were introduced after queries were submitted and SERP results were clicked. Results showed that participants in the time pressure condition queried at a significantly higher rate, viewed significantly fewer documents per query, had significantly shallower hover and view depths, and spent sig- nificantly less time examining documents and SERPs. We found few significant differences in search behavior for sys- tem delay or interaction effects between time pressure and system delay. These initial results show time pressure has a significant impact on search behavior and suggest the de- sign of search interfaces and features that support people who are searching under time pressure

Transcending culture : the universality of grief

This study explored how culture influences the grieving process. This study was undertaken in part to expand on the limited research on this topic. Some of the literature, including various studies, indicates that social context affects the experience and expression of grief (Catlin, 1992). Twelve individuals who had lost their loved ones, defined by the researcher as a significant other, family member or close friend, at least two years but not longer than five years ago were interviewed for this study. Participation included answering questions regarding their experience of grief and various factors that influenced their grieving process. The results of this study showed that various feelings associated with and manifestations of grief are the same or similar regardless of race, ethnicity, culture or religion. In this study, each individual defined culture themselves, making it difficult to determine how much a more specific definition of culture might have affected their responses regarding its influence on the grieving process

Political conspiracy in Napoleonic France: the Malet affair

The French Revolution ushered in a period of political unrest in France which appeared never-ending, even when a seemingly stable government rose to power. After a series of failed Republican governments, Napoleon Bonaparte seized control on 18 Brumaire VIII, promising to uphold the revolutionary ideals that had permeated the nation. As time passed, however, it became clear that he aimed at gathering all political power for himself. With his consular and imperial regimes accepted by French citizens, Napoleon effectively returned the country to autocratic rule. Needing talented officials to serve in his military, ministries, and prefectures, Napoleon enlisted the services of men whose ideologies ranged from Republican, to monarchist, to imperialists. Relying on officials whose political beliefs conflicted with those of the current regime engendered instability within his new government, making it possible for any enterprising political hopeful to strike a devastating blow against the Empire. Throughout the Napoleonic era, many dissidents attempted to overthrow Bonaparte’s regimes, but only one man achieved enough success to unsettle the Emperor’s belief that his government was secure. General Claude-François de Malet was a fervent Republican and despite frequent prison breaks and constant denunciations of Napoleon and his government, few people considered him a serious threat. Opinion would change after the night of 22 October 1812. The event, simply known as the Malet Conspiracy, was the single most successful coup attempted against the Napoleonic regime. During this attempt, Malet successfully deceived several high-ranking military officials, prompting them to place their troops under his control. The readiness with which these men followed Malet’s orders without question speaks to the fragility of Napoleon’s Empire, even among those he considered his most trustworthy devotees. Fearing that his Empire was on the verge of collapse, Napoleon chose to return to Paris from Russia only after hearing of the events set into motion by Malet. After the nearly successful attempt, it became clear to Napoleon that running an imperial government required close, personal supervision, especially in the homeland of liberté, égalité, and fraternité

Designing A Care Delivery System Through Interprofessional Coordinated Care In A Medical Neighborhood Setting

Abstract The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010) has two significant aims: to improve the quality of healthcare and in doing so, to lower the cost of healthcare. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that chronic health conditions, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and mental health, which in 2005 affected nearly one of every two Americans, continues to increase (CDC, 2010). Chronic health conditions and lack of access to care are both national and local concerns. These challenges will require the exploration of new models for the delivery of care, as needs shift over time and as the healthcare industry moves from the traditional acute care focus to one of community-based population health focus. The Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) developed the Triple Aim to simultaneously improve population health, improve the patient experience of care, and reduce per-capita cost, as a goal for all healthcare organizations (Stiefel & Nolan, 2012). The position statement released by both the American Organization of Nurse Executive (AONE) and the American Associate of Ambulatory Care Nurses (AAACN) emphasizes the need for nurse leaders to take a lead role in both care coordination and transition management as a substantial way toward the achievement of the Triple Aim (AONE, 2015). The concepts of care coordination, which includes an enhanced plan at discharge, will be embedded into a medical neighborhood setting. Patients will receive comprehensive out-patient medical care assembled under one roof, as well as the social and community services needed to regain and maintain health. Key Words: care coordination, care navigation, medical neighborhood, chronic conditions

Political Conspiracy in Napoleonic France

An in-depth analysis of primary source material indicates that the conspiracies hatched against Napoleon served as the impetus for his decision to change the government from the Consulate to the Empire. His ambitious personality drove him to achieve as much power and prestige for himself as possible, a point discussed by numerous historians, but the conspiratorial actions designed to strike him down provided the opportunity. He was a master of manipulating situations—and people—in order to achieve his ambitious goals. Knowing that his constituents worried over renewed political turmoil if something happened to him, Napoleon used their fears to strengthen his personal grasp on power. By accepting the position of First Consul for life, he made a promise to French citizens that he would protect and serve them for the duration of his life. By then taking the title of Emperor, he promised that his family would protect and serve the nation in perpetuity

AN EXAMINATION OF ETHICS INSTRUCTION IN THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS AN EXAMINATION OF ETHICS INSTRUCTION IN THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND ACCOUNTING DISCIPLINES

In light of several recent highly publicized unethical acts (e.g., unauthorized access of data, identity theft, and various other cybercrimes) in the field of information technology, there is a renewed sense of urgency for ethics education. The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) the ethics requirements established for undergraduate students in information systems and accounting, (2) the instructional methods used to teach ethics in these two disciplines, and (3) the content areas to be covered. An online survey was sent to a random sample of 213 Information Systems and Accounting instructors across the United States. There were 40 instructors who completed the survey for a response rate of 19%; 36 usable surveys from at least 28 different colleges were analyzed. Twenty-two percent of the respondents indicated they had a required ethics course taught within their department and 22% said they had an ethics requirement outside the department (some of these may have been the same respondents). The top two instructional methods used by the respondents were discussion (92%) and lecture (77%). The method they felt provided students with the best understanding of ethical issues was discussion (46%), then case studies (35%). The top two content areas the respondents felt should be included in ethics courses were (1) general ethical issues relating to fairness, honesty, respect, and integrity and (2) privacy and security of information

Urban Containment Policies and Physical Activity A Time–Series Analysis of Metropolitan Areas, 1990–2002

Background: Urban containment policies attempt to manage the location, character, and timing of growth to support a variety of goals such as compact development, preservation of greenspace, and efficient use of infrastructure. Despite prior research evaluating the effects of urban containment policies on land use, housing, and transportation outcomes, the public health implications of these policies remain unexplored. This ecologic study examines relationships among urban containment policies, state adoption of growthmanagement legislation, and population levels of leisure and transportation-related physical activity in 63 large metropolitan statistical areas from 1990 to 2002. Methods: Multiple data sources were combined, including surveys of urban containment policies, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, the U.S. Census of Population, the National Resources Inventory, and the Texas Transportation Institute Urban Mobility Study. Mixed models were used to examine whether urban containment policies and state adoption of growth-management legislation were associated with population levels of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and walking/bicycling to work over time. Results: Strong urban containment policies were associated with higher population levels of LTPA and walking/bicycling to work during the study period. Additionally, residents of states with legislation mandating urban growth boundaries reported significantly more minutes of LTPA/week compared to residents of states without such policies. Weak urban containment policies showed inconsistent relationships with physical activity. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence that strong urban containment policies are associated with higher population levels of LTPA and active commuting. Future research should examine potential synergies among state, metropolitan, and local policy processes that may strengthen these relationship