78 research outputs found
The National Strategy-An Overview
Over the past two decades, the use of illegal drugs in the United States has spread at an unprecedented rate and has reached into every segment of society
The non-linear behavior of aqueous model ice in downward flexure
As aqueous model ice is used extensively in ice tanks tests on the
performance of ship hulls in sheet ice, it is imperative that such model ice
replicate the main flexural strength behavior of sheets of sea ice and
freshwater ice. Ice tanks use various types of aqueous model ice types, each of
which contain brine dopants to scale-reduce ice-sheet strength. Dopants,
though, introduce non-linear trends in the scaled flexural behavior of model
ice sheets, and can affect ice loads and ice-rubble at ship-hulls and
structures. This paper analyzes the non-linear behavior of model ices, and
shows that all types behave non-linearly in flexure independent from crystal
structure or chemical dopant. Such behavior is attributable to plasticity and
vertical variations in stiffness and strength through sheets of model ice.
Additionally, the problematic formation of a top layer in model ice sheets is
shown to have a greater impact of sheet behavior than the literature reports
heretofore. There remains a significant knowledge gap regarding the freezing
and movement of brine dopants within ice sheets and their impact on the
non-linear behavior. Additionally, it is found that the Hertz method for
estimating the Cauchy number of model ice does not reflect the actual
deformation behavior of model ice and should be revised.Comment: 45 pages, 20 figure
A New Basal Sauropodomorph (Dinosauria: Saurischia) from Quebrada del Barro Formation (Marayes-El Carrizal Basin), Northwestern Argentina
BACKGROUND: Argentinean basal sauropodomorphs are known by several specimens from different basins; Ischigualasto, El Tranquilo, and Mogna. The Argentinean record is diverse and includes some of the most primitive known sauropodomorphs such as Panphagia and Chromogisaurus, as well as more derived forms, including several massospondylids. Until now, the Massospondylidae were the group of basal sauropodomorphs most widely spread around Pangea with a record in almost all continents, mostly from the southern hemisphere, including the only record from Antarctica. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING: We describe here a new basal sauropodomorph, Leyesaurus marayensis gen. et sp. nov., from the Quebrada del Barro Formation, an Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic unit that crops out in northwestern Argentina. The new taxon is represented by a partial articulated skeleton that includes the skull, vertebral column, scapular and pelvic girdles, and hindlimb. Leyesaurus is diagnosed by a set of unique features, such as a sharply acute angle (50 degrees) formed by the ascending process of the maxilla and the alveolar margin, a straight ascending process of the maxilla with a longitudinal ridge on its lateral surface, noticeably bulging labial side of the maxillary teeth, greatly elongated cervical vertebrae, and proximal articular surface of metatarsal III that is shelf-like and medially deflected. Phylogenetic analysis recovers Leyesaurus as a basal sauropodomorph, sister taxon of Adeopapposaurus within the Massospondylidae. Moreover, the results suggest that massospondylids achieved a higher diversity than previously thought. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our phylogenetic results differ with respect to previous analyses by rejecting the massospondylid affinities of some taxa from the northern hemisphere (e.g., Seitaad, Sarahsaurus). As a result, the new taxon Leyesaurus, coupled with other recent discoveries, suggests that the diversity of massospondylids in the southern hemisphere was higher than in other regions of Pangea. Finally, the close affinities of Leyesaurus with the Lower Jurassic Massospondylus suggest a younger age for the Quebrada del Barro Formation than previously postulated
Jüdische Weihestunden : eine Sammlung ausgewählter Aufsätze
von Leon Kellner. Hrsg. vom Jüd.-nat. Akadem. Verein 'Emunah', Czernowit
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