Ohio Manufacturing Institute

IMPACT. 1: OMI facilitates access to academic research facilities, faculty, and students, and has rapidly executable, no-nonsense contracts that make technical resources quickly available for manufacturing problem solving, or new technology assessment and development. -- 2. OMI connects manufacturers to key manufacturing technologies, including: Welding and Joining. Forming, Molding, and Machining. Additive Manufacturing. Process and Component Design. Advanced Materials and Corrosion. Computational Modeling and Simulation -- 3. OMI facilitates a unique co-located internship program at Ohio State in which students work for a company on a specific project and remain under the mentorship of university faculty. Students retain access to labs, equipment, and other university resources for the duration of the internship.OSU PARTNERS: College of Engineering; Industry Liaison OfficeCOMMUNITY PARTNERS: Ohio Development Services Agency; Ohio MEPs (Magnet, CIFT, APEG, FastLane, OH!Manufacturing, TechSolve); Columbus2020; Major state manufacturersPRIMARY CONTACT: Kathryn Kelley ([email protected])Ohio Manufacturing Institute's mission is to make the technical resources of higher education easily accessible to industry and to facilitate their use for economic development. OMI provides manufacturers a quick and cost-effective mechanism to collaborate with Ohio State, including testing, development, applied research, training seminars, and manufacturing process support. Industry needs are teamed with university assets such as faculty expertise, student engagement, and access to university labs and test equipment

The Role of Physical Activity on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women in the US. CVD is still thought to be a "man's disease" and remains underappreciated by the public and under treated by health-care providers. Yet, unlike men, a large proportion of deaths attributable to CVD occur in asymptomatic women, making early detection and diagnosis difficult. Therefore, both the development of primary CVD prevention strategies to decrease the risk of CVD and screening tools that will aid in the early detection of women who are at increased risk for CVD has major public health implications. Hormone therapy (HT) has been shown to beneficially affect adverse changes to CVD risk factors that occur during menopause; however, HT is no longer indicated for general CVD prevention. Increased physical activity (PA) levels, either separately or as part of a lifestyle intervention, may decrease CVD risk in women; however, previous reports have not adequately accounted for concurrent changes in HT status.Strategies for primary CVD prevention and early detection in postmenopausal women were examined using 508 women from the Woman on the Move through Activity and Nutrition (WOMAN) study. At baseline, PA was found to be related to more favorable lipid and lipoprotein subclass levels; however, some of these associations were influenced by current HT use. Results at 18 months suggested that a lifestyle intervention was effective for general CVD risk factor reduction regardless of HT continuation or discontinuation. Additionally, lifestyle appeared to attenuate increases in lipid levels that resulted from discontinuing HT. Finally, a simple walking endurance test may provide supplemental information when ascertaining CVD risk in women. In the post-WHI era, concern and confusion about the risks associated with HT has left women and health-care providers searching for alternative means to decrease risk of CVD. Findings from the current report suggest that a non-pharmacological approach for CVD risk factor reduction is both safe and effective for primary CVD prevention in postmenopausal women. In light of the current controversies surrounding the use of HT, the promotion of healthy lifestyle behaviors for CVD risk factor reduction has important public health implications

Who does what now? How physics lab instruction impacts student behaviors

While laboratory instruction is a cornerstone of physics education, the impact of student behaviours in labs on retention, persistence in the field, and the formation of students' physics identity remains an open question. In this study, we performed in-lab observations of student actions over two semesters in two pedagogically different sections of the same introductory physics course. We used a cluster analysis to identify different categories of student behaviour and analyzed how they correlate with lab structure and gender. We find that, in lab structures which fostered collaborative group work and promoted decision making, there was a task division along gender lines with respect to laptop and equipment usage (and found no such divide among students in guided verification labs).Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, 3 table

Gene transfer of RANTES elicits autoimmune renal injury in MRL-Faslpr mice

Infiltrating macrophages and T cells are instrumental in autoimmune kidney destruction of MRL-Faslpr mice. We report that the β-chemokine RANTES, a chemoattractant for macrophages and T cells, is up-regulated in the MRL-Faslpr kidney prior to injury, but not normal kidneys (MRL-++, C3H-++) and increases with progressive injury. Furthermore, we establish an association between RANTES expression in the kidney and renal damage using a gene transfer approach. Tubular epithelial cells genetically modified to secrete RANTES infused under the renal capsule incites interstitial nephritis in MRL-Faslpr, but not MRL-++ or C3H-++ mice. RANTES recruits predominantly macrophages (Mø) and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In contrast, gene transfer of CSF-1, another molecule up-regulated simultaneously with RANTES in MRL-Faslpr kidneys, promotes the influx of Mø, CD4+ T cells and the unique double-negative (DN) T cells (CD4-,CD8-), which are prominent in diseased MRL-Faslpr kidneys. Thus, RANTES and CSF-1 recruit distinct T cell populations into the MRL-Faslpr kidney. In addition, delivery of RANTES and CSF-1 into the kidney of MRL-Faslpr mice causes an additive increase in pathology. We suggest that the complementary recruitment of T cell populations by RANTES (CD4, CD8) and CSF-1 (CD4, DN) promotes autoimmune nephritis in MRL-Faslpr mice

Antarctica Meta-Analysis: Psychosocial Factors Related to Long Duration Isolation and Confinement

This meta-analysis is examining the psychological effects of wintering-over in Antarctica. As an isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environment, Antarctica provides invaluable opportunities to experience stressors more common to spaceflight than to the average person s everyday life. Increased prevalence of psychological symptoms, syndromes, and psychiatric disorders, as well as positive effects, are expected to be associated with various demographic and environmental factors. Implications for spaceflight are discussed. Findings from statistical review of the Antarctic articles will be shared