Abundance and Seasonal Occurrence of Cetaceans in Outer Continental Shelf and Slope Waters of the North-Central and Northwestern Gulf of Mexico

Eight aerial line-transect surveys of outer continental shelf and continental slope waters (range 100-2,000 m deep) were conducted seasonally from summer 1992 through spring 1994 in the north-central and northwestern Gulf of Mexico to study the seasonal occurrence and spatial distribution of cetaceans and to estimate their abundances. The surveys sampled an 85,815 km2 study area, resulting in 49,960 km of effort and sightings of at least 18 cetacean species and 365 cetacean groups. Eight species identified in four seasons included bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata), Risso\u27s dolphin (Grampus griseus), dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima) and pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), short-finned pilot whale (Globicephala macrorhynchus), rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), and Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis). Clymene dolphin (Stenella clymene), striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), and beaked whales (Mesoplodon spp.) were sighted in three seasons. The number of species sighted seasonally ranged from 10 in fall to 15 in winter. The overall estimated abundance (number of animals) of five species, which accounted for 71% of the identified group sightings, were as follows: bottlenose dolphin, 2,890 (coefficient of variation [CV] = 0.20); pantropical spotted dolphin, 5,097 (CV = 0.24); Risso\u27s dolphin, 1,237 (CV = 0.28); dwarf-pygmy sperm whale, 176 (CV = 0.31 ); and sperm whale, 87 (CV = 0.27). Melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra) were sighted less frequently but were abundant (2,561; CV = 0.74) because of large group sizes. Common species were widely distributed spatially but occurred in different water depth ranges. In general, species abundance estimates varied seasonally, but the precision of estimates was usually poor (CV \u3e 0.30) and provided little power to detect significant seasonal differences

α\alpha-Scale Decoupling of the Mechanical Relaxation and Diverging Shear Wave Propagation Lengthscale in Triphenylphosphite

We have performed depolarized Impulsive Stimulated Scattering experiments to observe shear acoustic phonons in supercooled triphenylphosphite (TPP) from $\sim$10 - 500 MHz. These measurements, in tandem with previously performed longitudinal and shear measurements, permit further analyses of the relaxation dynamics of TPP within the framework of the mode coupling theory (MCT). Our results provide evidence of $\alpha$ coupling between the shear and longitudinal degrees of freedom up to a decoupling temperature $T_c$ = 231 K. A lower bound length scale of shear wave propagation in liquids verified the exponent predicted by theory in the vicinity of the decoupling temperature

Misdiagnosis, Mistreatment, and Harm - When Medical Care Ignores Social Forces.

The Case Studies in Social Medicine demonstrate that when physicians use only biologic or individual behavioral interventions to treat diseases that stem from or are exacerbated by social factors, we risk harming the patients we seek to serve

Evaluation of a potato leafhopper (PLH) resistant alfalfa cultivar effects on PLH injury in alfalfa: grass mixed stands with and without insecticide.

The combination of a resistant cultivar and a grass resulted in significantly better PLH control than did the resistant cultivar alone or the grass alone. The resistant cultivar had 36% fewer PLH than the susceptible cultivar; however, the number of PLH was significantly higher than for the plots that were sprayed with insecticide (average less than 1 PLH per sub-plot). The untreated plot with the lowest PLH damage score was the resistant alfalfa/grass mixture (score = 1.8), whereas the resistant cultivar alone scored 2.4 and the susceptible cultivar alone and with grass averaged 3.5

Immediate Bilateral Breast Reconstruction with Unilateral Deep Superior Epigastric Artery and Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Flaps

Autologous breast reconstruction utilizing a perforator flap is an increasingly popular method for reducing donor site morbidity and implant-related complications. However, aberrant anatomy not readily visible on computed tomography angiography is a rare albeit real risk when undergoing perforator flap reconstruction. We present an operative case of a patient who successfully underwent a bilateral breast reconstruction sourced from a unilateral abdominal flap divided into deep superior epigastric artery and superficial circumflex iliac artery flap segments

Mouse Emi2 is required to enter meiosis II by reestablishing cyclin B1 during interkinesis

During interkinesis, a metaphase II (MetII) spindle is built immediately after the completion of meiosis I. Oocytes then remain MetII arrested until fertilization. In mouse, we find that early mitotic inhibitor 2 (Emi2), which is an anaphase-promoting complex inhibitor, is involved in both the establishment and the maintenance of MetII arrest. In MetII oocytes, Emi2 needs to be degraded for oocytes to exit meiosis, and such degradation, as visualized by fluorescent protein tagging, occurred tens of minutes ahead of cyclin B1