FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI ALOKASI BANTUAN MODAL TERNAK SAPI PADA RUMAHTANGGA PETERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN TOMPASO BARAT

FACTORS AFFECTING THE ALLOCATION OF CAPITAL ASSISTANCE IN HOUSEHOLD CATTLE BREEDER IN DISTRICT WEST TOMPASO. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors that are influencing farmer households’ decision making in allocating financial assistance for livestock production in West Tompaso sub-district, Minahasa regency. This research applies surveying method among 30 household samples. Data collecting was done in October until November 2018. Data analysis is proceeded by using simultaneous equation analysis. The result of this research shows that financial assistance allocation for cattle business is 39,76% and the rest 60,24% is the allocation for any farming businesses other than cattle business. The financial assistance for cattle business is significantly influenced by the amount of financial assistance given, feeder cattle value and the allocation of financial assistance for farming businesses other than cattle business. Meanwhile, the allocation of financial assistance for farming businesses other than cattle business is significantly influenced by the amount of financial assistance received and the allocation of the financial assistance for cattle business.Keywords: Allocation, Financial Assistance, Beef Cattle

eLife

Synapses contain a limited number of synaptic vesicles (SVs) that are released in response to action potentials (APs). Therefore, sustaining synaptic transmission over a wide range of AP firing rates and timescales depends on SV release and replenishment. Although actin dynamics impact synaptic transmission, how presynaptic regulators of actin signaling cascades control SV release and replenishment remains unresolved. Rac1, a Rho GTPase, regulates actin signaling cascades that control synaptogenesis, neuronal development, and postsynaptic function. However, the presynaptic role of Rac1 in regulating synaptic transmission is unclear. To unravel Rac1’s roles in controlling transmitter release, we performed selective presynaptic ablation of Rac1 at the mature mouse calyx of Held synapse. Loss of Rac1 increased synaptic strength, accelerated EPSC recovery after conditioning stimulus trains, and augmented spontaneous SV release with no change in presynaptic morphology or AZ ultrastructure. Analyses with constrained short-term plasticity models revealed faster SV priming kinetics and, depending on model assumptions, elevated SV release probability or higher abundance of tightly docked fusion-competent SVs in Rac1-deficient synapses. We conclude that presynaptic Rac1 is a key regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity mainly by regulating the dynamics of SV priming and potentially SV release probability

Acute physical exercise increases APPL1/PI3K signaling in the hypothalamus of lean mice

Adiponectin is an adipokine that acts in the control of energy homeostasis. The adaptor protein containing the pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine-binding domain, and leucine zipper motif 1 (APPL1) is a key protein in the adiponectin signaling. The APPL1 mediates a positive effect on the insulin signaling through the interaction with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). Thus, the present study aimed to explore the effects of an acute physical exercise session on the hypothalamic adiponectin signaling. Firstly, using bioinformatics analysis, we found a negative correlation between hypothalamic APPL1 mRNA levels and food consumption in several strains of genetically diverse BXD mice. Also, the mice and the human database revealed a positive correlation between the levels of APPL1 mRNA and PI3K mRNA. At the molecular level, the exercised mice showed increased APPL1 and PI3K (p110) protein contents in the hypothalamus of Swiss mice. Furthermore, the exercise increases co-localization between APPL1 and PI3K p110 predominantly in neurons of the arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus (ARC). Finally, we found an acute exercise session reduced the food intake 5 hr after the end of fasting. In conclusion, our results indicate that physical exercise reduces the food intake and increases some proteins related to adiponectin pathway in the hypothalamus of lean mice50731813190CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP306535/2017-32016/18488-