155 research outputs found
Factors related with low back pain and pelvic pain at the early stage of pregnancy in Japanese women
The aim of this study was to clarify the proportion of women with low back and/or pelvic pain (LBPP) and LBPP-related factors at the early stage of pregnancy and to clarify the differences between LBPP-related factors in primiparous women and multiparous women in Japan. 157 pregnant women were recruited. Information about the presence of LBPP, degree of pain by using a visual analog scale (VAS), location of pain, past history of LBPP and background characteristics were collected. Physical status was assessed by the pregnancy mobility index (PMI). The Ethics Committee of Tokushima University Hospital approved the study. The proportion of women who complained of LBPP was 65.6%. PMI score in women with LBPP was significantly higher than that in women without LBPP (p<0.001). The proportions of women with a past history of LBPP before pregnancy and with a past history of LBPP in the previous pregnancy were significantly higher in women with LBPP (p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively). In women with LBPP, the score of VAS in multiparous women was significantly higher than that in primiparous women (p=0.019). Early management for women with a past history of LBPP before pregnancy and with a past history of LBPP in the previous pregnancy is important. Management for lumbar pain according to parity is needed for health guidance at the early stage of pregnancy
Self-Organized Formation of Polarized Cortical Tissues from ESCs and Its Active Manipulation by Extrinsic Signals
SummaryHere, we demonstrate self-organized formation of apico-basally polarized cortical tissues from ESCs using an efficient three-dimensional aggregation culture (SFEBq culture). The generated cortical neurons are functional, transplantable, and capable of forming proper long-range connections in vivo and in vitro. The regional identity of the generated pallial tissues can be selectively controlled (into olfactory bulb, rostral and caudal cortices, hem, and choroid plexus) by secreted patterning factors such as Fgf, Wnt, and BMP. In addition, the in vivo-mimicking birth order of distinct cortical neurons permits the selective generation of particular layer-specific neurons by timed induction of cell-cycle exit. Importantly, cortical tissues generated from mouse and human ESCs form a self-organized structure that includes four distinct zones (ventricular, early and late cortical-plate, and Cajal-Retzius cell zones) along the apico-basal direction. Thus, spatial and temporal aspects of early corticogenesis are recapitulated and can be manipulated in this ESC culture
Continuing mind for primary care medicine as total family care mailing list (TFC-ML) group
There were historically two great doctors for primary care (PC) medicine in Japan. They are Dr. Shigeaki Hinohara and Dr. Yoshikazu Tasaka. Tasaka was always active in medical treatment, organizational management, postgraduate education, and information dissemination using the Internet, and started Total Family Care Mailing List (TFC-ML) in 1998. TFC-ML included medical information with his comments every day for long. Even after his death in 2007, TFC-ML activity has been continued by many voluntary PC physicians. His TFC mind has been transmitted to future PC physicians. His inspiration may often come to TFC members for better total family care
The Satb1 Protein Directs Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation toward Lymphoid Lineages
SummaryHow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) produce particular lineages is insufficiently understood. We searched for key factors that direct HSC to lymphopoiesis. Comparing gene expression profiles for HSCs and early lymphoid progenitors revealed that Satb1, a global chromatin regulator, was markedly induced with lymphoid lineage specification. HSCs from Satb1-deficient mice were defective in lymphopoietic activity in culture and failed to reconstitute T lymphopoiesis in wild-type recipients. Furthermore, Satb1 transduction of HSCs and embryonic stem cells robustly promoted their differentiation toward lymphocytes. Whereas genes that encode Ikaros, E2A, and Notch1 were unaffected, many genes involved in lineage decisions were regulated by Satb1. Satb1 expression was reduced in aged HSCs with compromised lymphopoietic potential, but forced Satb1 expression partly restored that potential. Thus, Satb1 governs the initiating process central to the replenishing of lymphoid lineages. Such activity in lymphoid cell generation may be of clinical importance and useful to overcome immunosenescence
Chromosome 14q+ in a Japanese patient with Burkitt's lymphoma.
Cytogenetic studies were performed on a biopsy specimen of a jaw tumor and on a bone marrow aspirate from a Japanese patient with Epstein-Barr virus-negative Burkitt's lymphoma. A 14q + chromosome was found in cells from either source, although each contained a different clone. Other karyotypic abnormalities present in common included 2dir dup (1q) (q21 leads to q32), 3q+, 6p--, +12, +mar.</p
Exoplanet Science Priorities from the Perspective of Internal and Surface Processes for Silicate and Ice Dominated Worlds
The geophysics of extrasolar planets is a scientific topic often regarded as
standing largely beyond the reach of near-term observations. This reality in no
way diminishes the central role of geophysical phenomena in shaping planetary
outcomes, from formation, to thermal and chemical evolution, to numerous issues
of surface and near-surface habitability. We emphasize that for a balanced
understanding of extrasolar planets, it is important to look beyond the natural
biases of current observing tools, and actively seek unique pathways to
understand exoplanet interiors as best as possible during the long interim
prior to a time when internal components are more directly accessible. Such
pathways include but are not limited to: (a) enhanced theoretical and numerical
modeling, (b) laboratory research on critical material properties, (c)
measurement of geophysical properties by indirect inference from imprints left
on atmospheric and orbital properties, and (d) the purpose-driven use of Solar
System object exploration expressly for its value in comparative planetology
toward exoplanet-analogs. Breaking down barriers that envision local Solar
System exploration, including the study of Earth's own deep interior, as
separate from and in financial competition with extrasolar planet research, may
greatly improve the rate of needed scientific progress for exoplanet
geophysics. As the number of known rocky and icy exoplanets grows in the years
ahead, we expect demand for expertise in 'exogeoscience' will expand at a
commensurately intense pace. We highlight key topics, including: how water
oceans below ice shells may dominate the total habitability of our galaxy by
volume, how free-floating nomad planets may often attain habitable subsurface
oceans supported by radionuclide decay, and how deep interiors may critically
interact with atmospheric mass loss via dynamo-driven magnetic fields
Highly Volcanic Exoplanets, Lava Worlds, and Magma Ocean Worlds:An Emerging Class of Dynamic Exoplanets of Significant Scientific Priority
Highly volcanic exoplanets, which can be variously characterized as 'lava
worlds', 'magma ocean worlds', or 'super-Ios' are high priority targets for
investigation. The term 'lava world' may refer to any planet with extensive
surface lava lakes, while the term 'magma ocean world' refers to planets with
global or hemispherical magma oceans at their surface. 'Highly volcanic
planets', including super-Ios, may simply have large, or large numbers of,
active explosive or extrusive volcanoes of any form. They are plausibly highly
diverse, with magmatic processes across a wide range of compositions,
temperatures, activity rates, volcanic eruption styles, and background
gravitational force magnitudes. Worlds in all these classes are likely to be
the most characterizable rocky exoplanets in the near future due to
observational advantages that stem from their preferential occurrence in short
orbital periods and their bright day-side flux in the infrared. Transit
techniques should enable a level of characterization of these worlds analogous
to hot Jupiters. Understanding processes on highly volcanic worlds is critical
to interpret imminent observations. The physical states of these worlds are
likely to inform not just geodynamic processes, but also planet formation, and
phenomena crucial to habitability. Volcanic and magmatic activity uniquely
allows chemical investigation of otherwise spectroscopically inaccessible
interior compositions. These worlds will be vital to assess the degree to which
planetary interior element abundances compare to their stellar hosts, and may
also offer pathways to study both the very young Earth, and the very early form
of many silicate planets where magma oceans and surface lava lakes are expected
to be more prevalent. We suggest that highly volcanic worlds may become second
only to habitable worlds in terms of both scientific and public long-term
interest.Comment: A white paper submitted in response to the National Academy of
Sciences 2018 Exoplanet Science Strategy solicitation, from the NASA Sellers
Exoplanet Environments Collaboration (SEEC) of the Goddard Space Flight
Center. 6 pages, 0 figure
認知症高齢者へのタクティールケアのリラックス効果の検証
本研究の目的は、認知症高齢者へのタクティールケアのリラックス効果を検証することであった。タクティールケア前後の生理的指標と心理的指標を比較した結果、脈拍数の減少、収縮期血圧値の低下、経皮的動脈血酸素飽和度の上昇、リラックス度の上昇、身体的反応【心地よかった】【温かくなった】【リラックスした】【眠気を催した】、心理的反応【穏やかになった】【積極性が増した】を認めた。よって、認知症高齢者へのタクティールケアは、副交感神経機能によるリラックス効果、睡眠効果、情緒の安定の可能性が示唆された。また、介護福祉士と対象者との相互作用が起きている可能性が考えられる。The purpose of this study was to verify the relaxing effect of tactile care of the elderly with dementia. Comparison of physiological indices and psychological indices before and after the treatment, decrease in pulse rate, decrease in systolic blood pressure value, the rise of the percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation, the rise of the relaxation degree, the physical reaction [comfortable] [warm] [relaxing] [got sleepy], the psychological reaction [became calmer] [increased aggressiveness] admitted. Therefore, the possibility of the relaxation effect by the parasympathetic function, the sleep effect, and the emotional stability were suggested by tactile care to the elderly person of the dementia. In addition, it is possible that the interaction between the care worker and the target person is happening
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