7 research outputs found

    O SEL脢NIO NO MEIO AMBIENTE

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    Selenium is known as an element of great physiological and ecotoxicological importance due to it is an essential micronutrient for some organisms, but it is also toxic at elevated concentrations. For this reason, there is an increasing interest in understanding the behavior of selenium in the environment. In this review, some important aspects related this element is described.聽O sel锚nio 茅 conhecido como um elemento de grande import芒ncia fisiol贸gica e ecotoxicol贸gica, uma vez que 茅 um micronutriente essencial para a maioria dos organismos, mas tamb茅m torna-se t贸xico em concentra莽玫es elevadas. Por esta raz茫o, h谩 um grande interesse em se entender o comportamento deste elemento no meio ambiente. Nesta revis茫o, alguns aspectos importantes com rela莽茫o a este elemento s茫o apresentados

    O sel锚nio no meio ambiente

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    Biomagnificaci贸n de mercurio en la cadena tr贸fica del Delf铆n Moteado del Atl谩ntico(Stenella frontalis), usando el is贸topo estable de nitr贸geno como marcador ecol贸gico

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    An assessment of mercury (Hg) concentrations and nitrogen stable isotope (未15N) was conducted in the food chain of the Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis), including phytoplankton, zooplankton, planktivorous fish and its major prey (predatory fish and a single species of cephalopod), that compose a tropical trophic chain of the Brazilian southeastern coast. Tissue concentrations of Hg in a voracious predator fish, the largehead hairtail (Trichiurus lepturus), one of the dolphin's prey, were 9.8 times lower than median concentrations found in dolphin tissues. 未15N values in predatory fish were found to be lower to those of its predator the spotted dolphin. Isotopic data suggested significant differences for 未15N along the trophic chain, with the top predator (dolphin) exhibiting heavier value, followed by the voracious predator fish and the benthonic carnivorous fish, the whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri). Phytoplankton displayed the lightest 未15N, followed by zooplankton and the planktophagous fish, the lebranche mullet (Mugil liza). This fish species and the cephalopod showed the lowest median Hg concentration. All links of the entire trophic chain presented trophic transfer of Hg with a biomagnification factor higher than 1. A significant relationship was found between the log Hg concentration and trophic level (TL) of all evaluated species, with a positive slope (尾= 0.87). The calculated trophic magnification factor (TMF= 7.44) indicates that Hg concentration increased per TL, and also that the entire coastal food chain from the South Atlantic Ocean presented a biomagnification power of Hg within a range previously reported for tropical coastal ecosystems.Se realiz贸 una evaluaci贸n de las concentraciones del mercurio (Hg) y del is贸topo estable de nitr贸geno (未15N) en la cadena tr贸fica del Delf铆n Moteado del Atl谩ntico (Stenella frontalis), incluyendo fitoplancton, zooplancton, peces planct铆voros y sus principales presas (peces depredadores y una sola especie de cefal贸podo), componentes de una cadena tr贸fica tropical de la costa sureste de Brasil. Una de las presas del delf铆n, un pez depredador voraz, el pez sable (Trichiurus lepturus), present贸 una concentraci贸n mediana del Hg 9,8 veces inferior que la del delf铆n. El valor de 未15N es m谩s bajo que al de su depredador. Los datos del is贸topo han sugerido que ha habido diferencias significativas para el 未15N a lo largo de la cadena tr贸fica, en la que en el mayor depredador (delf铆n) se ha mostrado m谩s pesado, seguido por el pez depredador y el pez bent贸fago, la corvina (Micropogonias furnieri). Se ha observado que el fitoplancton present贸 el 未15N m谩s liviano, seguido por el zooplancton y el pez planct贸fago, el lebranche (Mugil liza). Este pez y el cefal贸podo han mostrado la mediana m谩s baja de Hg. Se han encontrado transferencias mayores que 1 en todos los v铆nculos de la cadena evaluada. Se ha obtenido una relaci贸n significativamente positiva entre la concentraci贸n del Hg (en logaritmo) y el nivel tr贸fico (TL), incluyendo todas las especies investigadas, presentando una pendiente positiva (尾= 0,87). El factor de magnificaci贸n tr贸fica (FMT= 7,44) indica que la concentraci贸n del Hg ha aumentado per TL, y tambi茅n que toda la cadena tr贸fica costera present贸 un poder de biomagnificaci贸n de Hg dentro de un rango previamente reportado para ecosistemas costeros tropicales
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