Peptide-fluorescent bacteria complex as luminescent reagents for cancer diagnosis

Currently in clinic, people use hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E stain) and immunohistochemistry methods to identify the generation and genre of cancers for human pathological samples. Since these methods are inaccurate and time consuming, developing a rapid and accurate method to detect cancer is urgently demanded. In our study, binding peptides for lung cancer cell line A549 were identified using bacteria surface display method. With those binding peptides for A549 cells on the surface, the fluorescent bacteria (Escherichia coli with stably expressed green fluorescent protein) were served as specific detecting reagents for the diagnosis of cancers. The binding activity of peptide-fluorescent bacteria complex was confirmed by detached cancer cells, attached cancer cells and mice tumor xenograft samples. A unique fixation method was developed for peptide-bacteria complex in order to make this complex more feasible for the clinic use. This peptide-fluorescent bacteria complex has great potential to become a new diagnostic tool for clinical application

International experience on rainwater harvesting and stormwater utilisation – a literature review

Norway is a country with abundant water resources. Rainwater harvesting and stormwater utilization (RWH) has not been a central topic in Norway for a very long time. In recent years, however, we have experienced more frequent extreme storm events and less precipitation over other periods, because of climate change. We therefore need solutions to handle both too much and too little water problems. Rainwater harvesting has been recognised as one of the efficient measures for municipal stormwater management (for example in Oslo) and one of the sustainable nature-based solutions for flood control and drought mitigation and diverse social and environmental benefits. Despite of this awareness, the progress of rainwater harvesting in Norway is not yet much implemented in practices. This paper aims introduces international experience on rainwater harvesting and utilization from several selected countries in Europe and other parts of the world, thus paves the ground for use of the rainwater resources smartly and sustainably, and build Norwegian cities to be more water resilient and water smart.Internasjonal erfaring om høsting og utnyttelse av regnvann og overvann. Norge har store ferskvannsressurser. Av den grunn har regnvannshosting ikke vært et fremtredende tema. Regnvann (overvann) har i byer stort sett blitt behandlet som et problem man kunne lose ved a legge store nok rør og frakte det bort. Virkningene av klimaendringene har vært både okt antall flomhendelser og tørkeperioder. Disse endringene medfører at vi må ha systemer som bade handterer for mye og for lite vann med større svingninger enn vi tidligere har sett. Det har de siste tjue arene i større grad vart satset på lokal handtering av overvann (LOD) og det finnes også eksempler på at man enkelte steder har inkludert regnvannshosting i overvannssystemene (f.eks. i Oslo). Det har også blitt tatt i bruk mer naturbaserte løsninger innen overvannshåndtering. Men, det er ikke nok. I denne artikkelen er det gjort en gjennomgang av erfaringen at man har med regnvannshøsting og utnyttelse av overvann i utvalgte land bade i Europa og andre deler i verden. Disse erfaringene kan tjene som eksempler for regnvannshøsting og bærekraftig overvannshåndteringen i norske byer.publishedVersio

Exploring the supersymmetric U(1)B−L×_{B-L} \times U(1)R_{R} model with dark matter, muon g−2g-2 and Z′Z^\prime mass limits

We study the low scale predictions of supersymmetric standard model extended by $U(1)_{B-L}\times U(1)_{R}$ symmetry, obtained from $SO(10)$ breaking via a left-right supersymmetric model, imposing universal boundary conditions. Two singlet Higgs fields are responsible for the radiative $U(1)_{B-L}\times U(1)_{R}$ symmetry breaking, and a singlet fermion $S$ is introduced to generate neutrino masses through inverse seesaw mechanism. The lightest neutralino or sneutrino emerge as dark matter candidates, with different low scale implications. We find that the composition of the neutralino LSP changes considerably depending on the neutralino LSP mass, from roughly half $U(1)_R$ bino, half MSSM bino, to singlet higgsino, or completely dominated by MSSM higgsino. The sneutrino LSP is statistically much less likely, and when it occurs it is a 50-50 mixture of right-handed sneutrino and the scalar $\tilde S$. Most of the solutions consistent with the relic density constraint survive the XENON 1T exclusion curve for both LSP cases. We compare the two scenarios and investigate parameter space points and find consistency with the muon anomalous magnetic moment only at the edge of $2\sigma$ deviation from the measured value. However, we find that the sneutrino LSP solutions could be ruled out completely by strict reinforcement of the recent $Z^\prime$ mass bounds. We finally discuss collider prospects for testing the model

Development and verification of a combined immune- and cancer-associated fibroblast related prognostic signature for colon adenocarcinoma

IntroductionTo better understand the role of immune escape and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), an integrative analysis of the tumor microenvironment was performed using a set of 12 immune- and CAF-related genes (ICRGs).MethodsUnivariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses were used to establish a prognostic signature based on the expression of these 12 genes (S1PR5, AEN, IL20RB, FGF9, OSBPL1A, HSF4, PCAT6, FABP4, KIF15, ZNF792, CD1B and GLP2R). This signature was validated in both internal and external cohorts and was found to have a higher C-index than previous COAD signatures, confirming its robustness and reliability. To make use of this signature in clinical settings, a nomogram incorporating ICRG signatures and key clinical parameters, such as age and T stage, was developed. Finally, the role of S1PR5 in the immune response of COAD was validated through in vitro cytotoxicity experiments.ResultsThe developed nomogram exhibited slightly improved predictive accuracy compared to the ICRG signature alone, as indicated by the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC, nomogram:0.838; ICRGs:0.807). The study also evaluated the relationships between risk scores (RS) based on the expression of the ICRGs and other key immunotherapy variables, including immune checkpoint expression, immunophenoscore (IPS), and microsatellite instability (MSI). Integration of these variables led to more precise prediction of treatment efficacy, enabling personalized immunotherapy for COAD patients. Knocking down S1PR5 can enhance the efficacy of PD-1 monoclonal antibody, promoting the cytotoxicity of T cells against HCT116 cells ((p<0.05).DiscussionThese findings indicate that the ICRG signature may be a valuable tool for predicting prognostic risk, evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy, and tailoring personalized treatment options for patients with COAD

Contrasting Soil Bacterial Community, Diversity, and Function in Two Forests in China

Bacteria are the highest abundant microorganisms in the soil. To investigate bacteria community structures, diversity, and functions, contrasting them in four different seasons all the year round with/within two different forest type soils of China. We analyzed soil bacterial community based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing via Illumina HiSeq platform at a temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest (Baotianman, BTM) and a tropical rainforest (Jianfengling, JFL). We obtained 51,137 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and classified them into 44 phyla and 556 known genera, 18.2% of which had a relative abundance >1%. The composition in each phylum was similar between the two forest sites. Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were the most abundant phyla in the soil samples between the two forest sites. The Shannon index did not significantly differ among the four seasons at BTM or JFL and was higher at BTM than JFL in each season. The bacteria community at both BTM and JFL showed two significant (P < 0.05) predicted functions related to carbon cycle (anoxygenic photoautotrophy sulfur oxidizing and anoxygenic photoautotrophy) and three significant (P < 0.05) predicted functions related to nitrogen cycle (nitrous denitrificaton, nitrite denitrification, and nitrous oxide denitrification). We provide the basis on how changes in bacterial community composition and diversity leading to differences in carbon and nitrogen cycles at the two forests