54 research outputs found

    Mogelijkheden en beperkingen van een gebiedsgerichte uitwerking van de Nitraatrichtlijn

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    Wordt de landbouw onevenredig hard getroffen in die gebieden in Nederland waar aan de nitraatconcentratie in het grondwater wordt voldaan? Die vraag probeerden Alterra en de Universiteit Utrecht te beantwoorden in een studie naar de mogelijkheden die de Nitraatrichtlijn biedt om de aanwijzing van nitraatuitspoelingsgevoelige gebieden (kwetsbare zones) en bijbehorende nitraatactieprogramma's te differentiëren naar de landbouw- en milieukundige omstandigheden in de verschillende regio's. Het doel hierachter is een betere aansluiting te krijgen bij de gebiedsgerichte uitwerking van de Kaderrichtlijn Water. De resultaten zijn gebaseerd op literatuurstudie, brainstormsessies, interviews en een bijeenkomst met actoren uit het veld. Een verdere differentiatie is technisch mogelijk via aanwijzing van specifieke kwetsbare zones en het uitzonderen van andere gebieden. Verwacht wordt echter dat het uit te zonderen areaal beperkt zal zijn. Meer perspectief bied een verdergaande (gebiedsgerichte) differentiatie van gebruiksnormen die van toepassing zijn op de aangewezen kwetsbare zones. Nitraatactieprogramma's zijn verder te 'harmoniseren' met stroomgebiedsplannen van de Kaderrichtlijn Water, maar dienen wel als zodanig herkenbaar in stand te blijven

    De implementatie van adaptatie, Barrières en mogelijkheden voor flexibele governance-arrangementen

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    Met dit project heeft een consortium samen met partijen uit de beleidspraktijk handvatten ontwikkeld met betrekking tot de vraag op welke manier adaptatie-strategieën flexibel geïmplementeerd kunnen worden en welke rol reflexieve monitoring daarbij kan spelen. Hiervoor is een methodiek ontwikkeld die het keuzeproces ondersteunt richting implementatie van adaptatiestrategieën of maatregelen

    European Administrative Decisions: How the EU Regulates Products on the Internal Market

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    In view of the alleged democratic deficit at the European level, it is all the more important that the implementation of European law suffers neither from an application or enforcement deficit nor from a judicial deficit. This concern is particularly acute when the Member States depend on each other for the effective implementation of European law. Since the Treaty leaves the implementation of European law primarily in the hands of the Member States without offering a legal basis for the harmonisation of procedural administrative law, each area of law has its own administrative procedural rules. It is evaluated in the context of EC product regulation whether the available European rules are adequate to enable the administration to achieve the aims of the legislation - the free movement of authorized products on the internal market and a high level of protection for the environment or public health - and guarantee respect for the right to be heard and the right to judicial protection as well. This research showed that many lessons could be learned from the regulation of products in order to improve the drafting of European legislation that produces European administrative decisions. Then it is no longer necessary to reinvent the wheel each time effective implementation requires administrative cooperation between the Member States and the Community institutions and bodies. The main result of administrative cooperation between the Member States, with the aid of the Community institutions and bodies, is the creation of administrative decisions with EU-wide effect. This occurs for instance through mutual recognition of administrative decisions. The exchange of information and mutual assistance should give enforcement EU-wide effect as well, but this is still fledgling in the area of EC product regulation. It is also unfortunate that the rules that govern the right to be heard and to judicial protection are lagging behind, because that leads to gaps in the legal protection of individuals

    Overheidsaansprakelijkheid voor buitendijks bouwen

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    The adaptiveness of Dutch water law put to the test : dealing with water scarcity in a water-rich country

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    Arguably, laws should change and become adaptive in order to facilitate adaptation to climate change. However, too much flexibility runs counter to the need for legitimacy, stability and enforceability and, therefore, a balance should be struck. Experimental laws and regulations could lead to discussion about the need for and the extent of legal adaptation to climate change. This need for experimental laws has led to analysis, comparison and assessment of two adaptation measures dealing with water scarcity in a water-rich country such as the Netherlands, in the context of their resilience. The aim was to discover whether the current Dutch legal framework enables adaptation or whether changes to national laws will be required. The applicable laws, regulations and policy documents have been analysed to select a suitable region in the Netherlands where water scarcity is commonplace (or ‘structural’) in order to conduct case studies to examine the effectiveness of the adaptation measures. During the course of this research it emerged that the Dutch legal system is not designed to deal with structural water scarcity. However, the cases also showed that Dutch national law does not have to change to enable adaptation to a situation of inherent water scarcity. Although Dutch water resource law does not promote all the necessary elements of an adaptive approach, it can enable adaptation through its polycentric approach, together with the discretion delegated to regional authorities to create local solutions with the assistance of the private sector if necessary

    The adaptiveness of Dutch water law put to the test: dealing with water scarcity in a water-rich country

    No full text
    Arguably, laws should change and become adaptive in order to facilitate adaptation to climate change. However, too much flexibility runs counter to the need for legitimacy, stability and enforceability and, therefore, a balance should be struck. Experimental laws and regulations could lead to discussion about the need for and the extent of legal adaptation to climate change. This need for experimental laws has led to analysis, comparison and assessment of two adaptation measures dealing with water scarcity in a water-rich country such as the Netherlands, in the context of their resilience. The aim was to discover whether the current Dutch legal framework enables adaptation or whether changes to national laws will be required. The applicable laws, regulations and policy documents have been analysed to select a suitable region in the Netherlands where water scarcity is commonplace (or ‘structural’) in order to conduct case studies to examine the effectiveness of the adaptation measures. During the course of this research it emerged that the Dutch legal system is not designed to deal with structural water scarcity. However, the cases also showed that Dutch national law does not have to change to enable adaptation to a situation of inherent water scarcity. Although Dutch water resource law does not promote all the necessary elements of an adaptive approach, it can enable adaptation through its polycentric approach, together with the discretion delegated to regional authorities to create local solutions with the assistance of the private sector if necessary
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