Marine Algae from Hirota Bay on the Pacific Coast of Northeastern Honshu, Japan(Applied Aquatic Bio-Sciences Marine Plant Ecology)

Monthly collection of marine algae from the intertidal to subtidal zones in Hirota Bay (38°56\u27 N, 141°42\u27 E) on the Pacific coast of northeastern Honshu, Japan, was carried out from August 2005 to July 2006. A total of 95 species were listed, 12 of which belong to Chlorophyta, 24 to Phaeophyta, 58 to Rhodophyta, and one to sea grass. In these algae, the 10 species, Urospora penicilliformis, Pachydictyon coriaceum, Chordaria flagelliformis, Myagropsis myagroides, Bangia gloiopeltidicola, Lithophyllum okamurae, Titanoderma tumidulum, Chondracanthus tenellus, Polysiphonia abscissa and P. sphaerocarpa, were newly recorded to the marine algae from the coasts adjacent to Hirota Bay. The floral index of I/H value in Hirota Bay was 1.1, suggesting that the marine algal flora in Hirota Bay belongs to the typical subarctic zone

外反母祉における種子骨の偏位と関節症変化の関係

BACKGROUND: Although the tangential sesamoid view is used to visualize the sesamoid position relative to the first metatarsal head, correctly evaluating patients with severe varus of the first metatarsal is difficult. Computed tomography (CT) can be helpful due to its cross-sectional images in any plane. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the alignment of the tibial sesamoid and investigate the relationship between malalignment and degenerative change in the sesamoid metatarsal joint (SMJ) using simulated weight-bearing CT imaging in patients with hallux valgus. METHODS: In total, 269 feet from 142 patients with hallux valgus were included. The mean age was 63.7 years (range, 33-87 years). An anteroposterior weight-bearing radiograph was assessed for sesamoid position into 3 grades: grade 1, the tibial sesamoid was medial to the axis of the first metatarsal; grade 2, the tibial sesamoid was located below the first metatarsal axis; and grade 3, the tibial sesamoid was lateral to the first metatarsal axis. The hallux valgus and intermetatarsal angles (HVA and IMA, respectively) were measured. The lateral shift of the tibial sesamoid relative to the first metatarsal was classified into 3 grades on simulated weight-bearing CT classification: grade 1, tibial sesamoid was entirely medial to the intersesamoid ridge; grade 2, tibial sesamoid was subluxated laterally but located below the intersesamoid ridge; and grade 3, tibial sesamoid was located entirely lateral to the intersesamoid ridge. The differences of HVA and IMA in each grade were confirmed by using 1-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc corrections. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis was used to predict the degenerative change in the SMJ for age, sex, sesamoid position determined by CT or plain radiography, HVA, and IMA. The χ2 test was used for descriptive statistics to analyze the agreement between radiography or CT classifications of sesamoid position against degenerative change in the SMJ. RESULTS: Based on the radiographic classification of the tibial sesamoid position, 7 feet were classified as grade 1, 72 were grade 2, and 190 were grade 3, respectively. Based on the CT classification, 34 feet were classified as grade 1, 116 were grade 2, and 119 were grade 3. Degenerative change in SMJ progressed according to the sesamoid shift relative to the first metatarsal using either radiography or CT. In radiography, statistically significant differences were found except for the difference in HVA between grades 1 and 2. In addition, statistically significant differences were found between HVA and IMA, along with the grades in CT.In multiple linear regression, degenerative change was correlated with age and sesamoid position in CT and radiographic classifications. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that lateral shift of the tibial sesamoid increased in association with progression of the hallux valgus deformity. Furthermore, increasing lateral shift of the tibial sesamoid was associated with worsening degenerative change within the SMJ. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, retrospective comparative study.博士（医学）・甲第657号・平成28年11月24日© Copyright 2016 American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle SocietyThe definitive version is available at " http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100716661827

肩甲切痕のバリエーション-3DCT による検討

BACKGROUND:Although cadaveric studies have revealed suprascapular notch shape variations, few have investigated the association between suprascapular notch variation and age or gender. The purpose of this study was to investigate suprascapular notch shape variations by use of three-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT) and to determine if there was any association with age or gender.METHODS:Three-dimensional CT images of 762 shoulders of 762 patients were analyzed in this study. Participants comprised 404 men and 358 women, with an average age of 58.2 ± 19.1 years. Suprascapular notch shape variations were classified into six types on the basis of Rengachary's classification.RESULTS:Of the total study population, 11.4% were classified as type I, 23.5% as type II, 30.1% as type III, 14.8% as type IV, 15.9% as type V, and 4.3% as type VI. Average age was 56.5 ± 20.5 years for type I, 57.0 ± 19.5 years for type II, 55.5 ± 20.0 years for type III, 56.4 ± 18.5 years for type IV, 65.5 ± 14.4 years for type V, and 68.0 ± 13.4 years for type VI. Statistically significant age differences were found between types I-IV and V, between types I-IV and VI, and between the non-ossification group (types I-IV) and the ossification group (types V and VI). Male-to-female ratio among each type, and between the non-ossification group and the ossification group, were not statistically significantly different.CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest that transverse scapular ligament ossification is associated with aging whereas individual variation explains differences among types I, II, III, and IV. Three-dimensional CT provides useful information for arthroscopic resection of the transverse scapular ligament, when the wide variety of suprascapular notch shape variations is considered.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:Level IV.博士（医学）・乙第1361号・平成27年5月28日© Springer International Publishing AG, Part of Springer Science+Business Media. The definitive version is available at " http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00776-014-0636-x "© The Japanese Orthopaedic Association 201

Na,K-ATPase on a waveguide sensor : supramolecular assembly and side directed binding studies by surface-confined fluorescence

Grell E, Pawlak M, Anselmetti D, Schick E, Lewitzki E, Ehrat M. Na,K-ATPase on a waveguide sensor : supramolecular assembly and side directed binding studies by surface-confined fluorescence. In: Taniguchi K, Kaya S, eds. Na/K-ATPase and related ATPases: proceedings of the 9th International Conference on the Na/K-ATPase and Related ATPases. Excerpta Medica international congress series. Vol 1207. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2000: 437-440.The functional assembly of FITC-Na,K-ATPase membrane fragments on a surface-modified Ta2O5 waveguide allows to investigate the directed binding of ligands by surface-confined fluorescence studies. The results allow to draw conclusions about the sidedness of interactions. The fluorescence intensity decrease observed upon the selective binding of K+ is attributed to its coordination to a site accessible from the former intracellular membrane side

Magnetic Field-Induced Superconductor-Insulator-Metal Transition in an Organic Conductor: An Infrared Magneto-Optical Imaging Spectroscopy

The magnetic field-induced superconductor-insulator-metal transition (SIMT) in partially deuterated $\kappa$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br, which is just on the Mott boundary, has been observed using the infrared magneto-optical imaging spectroscopy. The infrared reflectivity image on the sample surface revealed that the metallic (or superconducting) and insulating phases coexist and they have different magnetic field dependences. One of the magnetic field dependence is SIMT that appeared on part of the sample surface. The SIMT was concluded to originate from the balance of the inhomogenity in the sample itself and the disorder of the ethylene end groups resulting from fast cooling.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.