Coexistence of PM_2.5 and low temperature is associated with morning hypertension in hypertensives

<div><p></p><p>We tested the hypothesis that concentration of PM_2.5 is associated with home BP level. We analyzed home BP data for 91 consecutive days in 40 hypertensives. PM_2.5 solely was not correlated with home BP levels, but low temperature was associated with a 1.6-fold increased likelihood of morning hypertension (<i>p</i> < 0.001) under the condition of high PM_2.5 concentration. In addition, coexistence of low temperature and high PM_2.5 was associated with a 2.3-fold increased likelihood of morning hypertension (<i>p</i> < 0.001) compared with high temperature and low PM_2.5 condition. Environmental and meteorological factors could be important causes of enhanced home BP elevation.</p></div

Comparison of valsartan and amlodipine on ambulatory blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients

<p>We tested the hypothesis that calcium channel blockers (CCBs: amlodipine group, <i>n =</i> 38)) are superior to angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs: valsartan group, <i>n =</i> 38) against ambulatory blood pressure variability (BPV) in untreated Japanese hypertensive patients. Both drugs significantly reduced ambulatory systolic and diastolic BP values. With regard to BPV, standard deviation (SD) in SBP did not change with the administration of either drug, but the ARB significantly increased SD in awake DBP (12 ± 4–14 ± 4 mmHg). The ARB also significantly increased the coefficients of variation (CVs)in awake and 24-h SBP/DBP (all P < 0.05), but <i>amlodipine</i> did not change the CV. CCB significantly reduced the maximum values of awake SBP (193 ± 24–182 ± 27 mmHg, P = 0.02), sleep SBP (156 ± 18–139 ± 14 mmHg, P < 0 .001), and awake and sleep DBP (P < 0.01 in both cases), but the ARB did not change the maximum BP values. In conclusion, a once-daily morning dose of CCB amlodipine was more effective at controlling ambulatory BPV than ARB valsartan, especially in reducing maximum BP levels.</p

Correlations between adjusted T/S ratio and demographic or clinical traits.

<p>Correlations between adjusted T/S ratio and demographic or clinical traits.</p

Correlation between age and leukocyte telomere length (LTL).

<p>Correlation between age and leukocyte telomere length (LTL).</p

Correlation between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and serum creatinine.

<p>Correlation between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and serum creatinine.</p

Patient characteristics.

<p>Patient characteristics.</p

By-Laws of the Cooperative

Additional file 3.  Routine blood and urine examination

MOESM1 of Rationale and design of a multicenter randomized study for evaluating vascular function under uric acid control using the xanthine oxidase inhibitor, febuxostat: the PRIZE study

Additional file 1. Trial organization

MOESM3 of Rationale and design of a multicenter randomized controlled study to evaluate the preventive effect of ipragliflozin on carotid atherosclerosis: the PROTECT study

Additional file 3. Cardiovascular functional tests