Ranking the economic importance of countries and industries

In the current era of worldwide market interdependencies, the global financial village has become increasingly vulnerable to systemic collapse. The global financial crisis has highlighted the necessity of understanding and quantifying the interdependencies among the world’s economies; developing new, effective approaches for risk evaluation; and providing mitigating solutions. We present a methodological framework for quantifying interdependencies in the global market and for evaluating risk levels in the worldwide financial network. The resulting information will enable policy and decision makers to better measure, understand and maintain financial stability. We use this methodology to rank the economic importance of each industry and country according to the global damage that would result from its failure. Our quantitative results shed new light on China’s increasing economic dominance over other economies, including that of the United States, as well as the global economy

6.3 「ミニチュア経済in コンピュータ」への小さなアプローチー動的環境下での学習進化システム

「ミニチュア経済in コンピュータ」への小さなアプローチー動的環境下での学習進化システム山崎和子［東京情報大学経営情報学部］＊所属は当時のものを記

Necessidades e dificuldades para construção de sítios de comércio eletrônico para micro ou pequenas empresas

Orientador : Edelvino Razzolini Filho.Monografia (especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas. Curso de Especialização em Gestão de NegóciosInclui referênciasResumo: Pesquisa bibliográfica para identificar necessidades e dificuldades para elaboração de um site de comércio eletrônico para micro ou pequena empresa. Possui como objetivo explorar e descrever o conhecimento que se deve ter para elaborar a construção de uma página na internet para comércio de produtos. Identifica procedimentos para construir uma página na internet de comércio virtual para que seja atrativo e competitivo dentre os do mesmo ramo como também a aplicação de e-marketing. Levantamento de informações sobre o cliente, público alvo e segmentação de mercado é sugerido para posteriormente elaborar um roteiro de um plano de negócios para ter um site de sucesso. Conclui que o e-commerce não surge para extinguir a atividade comercial em uma loja física, na maioria das vezes ela o complementa através de combinações com estas lojas físicas. De acordo com o orçamento disponível, pode pelo menos constar nos sites de pesquisa para que o consumidor possa encontrá-lo ou até viabilizar todo o processo de uma transação comercial puramente virtual. Deve fazer manutenção do site sempre seguindo pesquisas, atualizando informações e inovando o conteúdo e o design da página

The Growth of Business Firms: Theoretical Framework and Empirical Evidence

We introduce a model of proportional growth to explain the distribution of business firm growth rates. The model predicts that the distribution is exponential in the central part and depicts an asymptotic power-law behavior in the tails with an exponent 3. Because of data limitations, previous studies in this field have been focusing exclusively on the Laplace shape of the body of the distribution. In this article, we test the model at different levels of aggregation in the economy, from products to firms to countries, and we find that the model's predictions agree with empirical growth distributions and size-variance relationships.Comment: 22 pages, 5 Postscript figures, uses revtex4. to be published in Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (2005

A Generalized Preferential Attachment Model for Business Firms Growth Rates: I. Empirical Evidence

We introduce a model of proportional growth to explain the distribution $P(g)$ of business firm growth rates. The model predicts that $P(g)$ is Laplace in the central part and depicts an asymptotic power-law behavior in the tails with an exponent $\zeta=3$. Because of data limitations, previous studies in this field have been focusing exclusively on the Laplace shape of the body of the distribution. We test the model at different levels of aggregation in the economy, from products, to firms, to countries, and we find that the its predictions are in good agreement with empirical evidence on both growth distributions and size-variance relationships.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

A Generalized Preferential Attachment Model for Complex Systems

Complex systems can be characterized by classes of equivalency of their elements defined according to system specific rules. We propose a generalized preferential attachment model to describe the class size distribution. The model postulates preferential growth of the existing classes and the steady influx of new classes. We investigate how the distribution depends on the initial conditions and changes from a pure exponential form for zero influx of new classes to a power law with an exponential cutoff form when the influx of new classes is substantial. We apply the model to study the growth dynamics of pharmaceutical industry.Comment: submitted to PR