Impact of Free Maternal and Child Health Services on Health Care Utilization in Jigawa State, Nigeria

In spite of a decrease globally, the maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Nigeria and its Jigawa State has remained persistently high. Few efforts to address the MMR in Nigeria have been undertaken. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Jigawa State\u27s Free Maternal and Child Health Program (JSFMCHP), education, employment, and parity of pregnant women on health care utilization (the outcome variable), as measured by antenatal care (ANC) visits. Anderson\u27s behavioral model served as the study\u27s theoretical framework. The sample size included 400 antenatal records of pregnant women who were randomly selected from the state\u27s Health Management and Information data collected between 2011 and 2015. Chi-square tests showed a significant association between those who did not participate in the JSFMCHP, education, employment, with ANC. There was no association between parity and the number of ANC visits. The odds ratio suggested that pregnant women who did not participate in the program were 5.53 times as likely to have 4 or more visits compared to those who participated. Furthermore, the recommended number (4 or more) of ANC visits was predicted by tertiary education and employment. This study\u27s findings indicate the need for a reevaluation of JSFMCHP policy, with a focus on ensuring a minimum recommended number of ANC visits for all program participants. These results can influence positive social change if used by policy makers to strengthen policies that have a beneficial impact on maternal morbidity and mortality in Jigawa State, in particular, and Nigeria, in general

Surgical Patients With Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders: An Analysis Of Characteristics And Short-Term Outcomes Among 8256 Patients

Surgical Patients with Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) Orders: An Analysis of Characteristics and Short-term Outcomes Among 8256 Patients Hadiza S. Kazaure, Sanziana A. Roman, Julie Ann Sosa Section of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT Objective: Using data obtained from more than 120 hospitals participating in the American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP, 2005-08), the characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent surgery with a DNR order were examined. Methods: Patients with a DNR order were matched by age and procedure, to those without a DNR order. The main outcomes of interest were occurrence of postoperative complication(s) and mortality ≤30 days of surgery. The χ2 test was used to analyze categorical variables and the Student\u27s t and Wilcoxon tests were used for continuous variables. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine independent risk factors associated with mortality among DNR patients. Results: There were 4128 DNR patients and 4128 age-matched and procedure-matched non-DNR patients in the study. Most DNR patients were white (81.5%), female (58.2%), and elderly (mean age, 79 years). Compared to non-DNR patients, DNR patients had a higher complication (26.4 vs. 31%, p\u3c0.001) and mortality rate (8.4 vs. 23.1%, p\u3c0.001). Nearly 63% of DNR patients underwent non-emergent procedures; they sustained a 16.6% mortality rate, which was 3-fold higher than that of non-DNR patients (p\u3c0.001). After controlling for \u3e 40 risk factors in multivariate analysis, DNR status remained independently associated with mortality (odds ratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.8-2.8, p\u3c0.001). ASA class 3-5, age \u3e65 years, and preoperative sepsis were among risk factors independently associated with mortality among DNR patients. Conclusions: Surgical patients with DNR orders have significant comorbidities; many sustain postoperative complications, and nearly one in four die ≤30 days of surgery. DNR status appears to be an independent risk factor for poor surgical outcome

Prevalence of bacteriuria among diabetic patients attending General Hospital Katsina

No Abstract

The Role of Information and Communications Technology in Socializing Knowledge Management

The globalization of business, the shift from production-based to a knowledge-based economy, the growth of information communications technology (ICT), the strive to become learning organizations and the emergence of the needs for knowledge workers have made knowledge management practice a must today across all types and levels of firms However, because the concept is so new, there exist different views among practitioners and even researchers on how a knowledge management program can be designed and implemented in organizations. This paper posits that knowledge management can be socialized and works in an organization. It also review the related literature on the knowledge management strategy, including the review of the different definition of the knowledge management, types of the knowledge, processes of acquiring knowledge, and the knowledge management strategy according to various empirical studies conducted by scholars. This paper further reviews the technologies and the technology tools to be used in the development of social networks for KM in an organization. A brief description on knowledge processes and technology enabler, the impact of social networking site and socialized KM in today’s organization, the reason for socializing KM and the component of KM are discuss. The strategy for Km implementation and the two main strategies are discussed. The literature are based on the past studies and researches. Keywords: Knowledge Management, Social Networks, I

THE MICROENTERPRISING SIZE AND ACCEPTANCE OF ISLAMIC HEALTH INSURANCE (TAKAFUL) IN NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA

Application of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in Islamic Health Insurance (takaful) acceptance revealed mixed findings. Hence, the need for a moderating variable to explain the conflicting results. This paper examines the moderating role of size of microenterprise among the TPB variables. To achieve this end, quantitative methodology adopted through distribution of research questionnaires among the participants of the study. Results indicate that attitude, social influence, perceived behavioral control and size of microenterprises significantly influence Islamic Health Insurance (takaful) acceptance intention among microenterprises in northwestern Nigeria. The findings also revealed that size of microenterprise moderates the effect of social influence on Islamic Health Insurance acceptance intention, but it failed to moderate the influence of attitude and perceived behavioral control on Islamic Health Insurance acceptance intention in same context. It implied that size of microenterprises does not matter most in Islamic Health Insurance acceptance; nonetheless, the finding contributes to the Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior as it provides evidence on the significant moderating role of size on the effect social influence on Islamic Health Insurance acceptance intention among microenterprises

Water management issues in the Hadejia-Jama’are-Komadugu-Yobe Basin: DFID- JWL and stakeholders experience in information sharing, reaching consensus and physical interventions

River basinsWater resource managementWater governanceSocial participation

Water management issues in the Hadejia-Jama’are-Komadugu-Yobe Basin: DFID- JWL and stakeholders experience in information sharing, reaching consensus and physical interventions

River basinsWater resource managementSocial participation

Crowdfunding as Financial Option for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria

Abstract Small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) act as a promoter of economic development of the developed and under developed nations. Developing countries like Nigeria that, require sustainable economic growth and development must pay attention to the SMEs sectors in order to reduce unemployment, poverty and improve the standard leaving of its society. Unfortunately, in Nigeria, SMEs have underperformed despite that, 90% of the Nigerian businesses are small scales but their contribution to the Nigerian GDP is below 10%. The main reason for this low contribution of SMEs to Nigerian GDP could be attributed to poor funding, lack of management expertise and lack of access to modern technology among others, with proper finance the SMEs can acquire modern technology and employed qualified staff.  Thus, this paper focuses on crowdfunding as financial option for small and medium enterprises in Nigeria. However the paper is based on conceptual framework.

Dry season prevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia based on postmortem examination at Hadejia Abattoir, Jigawa State

The current prevalence study of CBPP was conducted at Hadejia abattoir of Jigawa state, Nigeria using  postmortem examination of CBPP lesions in lungs of cattle at slaughter. A total of 172 slaughtered cattle were examined at postmortem over the period of 3 months (March - May, 2014). Of the total, 5(2.9%) were positive for the presence of CBPP lesions. The disease was significantly higher (P<0.05) in females 4(8.3%) than in males 1(1.8%). Cattle within the rage of 3.5 – 4 years 3(9.7%) were significantly (P<0.05) infected than other age groups. Breed specific prevalence was highest 1(6.7%) in Sokoto gudali and lowest 1(3.1%) in white Fulani. This study concluded that CBPP is endemic and its prevalence is on the increase in the study area.Key words: Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, postmortem, prevalence, vaccination, abattoir, slaughtered

Using Regression Model Data to Predicts the Outcomes of Pregnancies (A Case Study of Dutse General Hospital)

A logistic regression model has been developed previously to predict the outcome of pregnancies. This model was based on the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) ratio. As women present at earlier gestation to early pregnancy units (EPU) the number of women diagnosed with early pregnancy of unknown location increases. Some of these women will have an ectopic pregnancy (EP) and this group in the population poses the greatest concern. Data were gathered in a single early pregnancy unit from all women with an early pregnancy, were this data set was divided into a model building. We developed regression model with expert information using this data set to predict the outcome of pregnancies. Keywords: chrionic gonadotropin, gestation,embrayo,pregnancy