Perfect Quantum Routing in Regular Spin Networks

Regular families of coupled quantum networks are described such the unknown state of a qubit can be perfectly routed from any node to any other node in a time linear in the distance. Unlike previous constructions, the transfer can be achieved perfectly on a network that is local on any specified number of spatial dimensions. The ability to route the state, and the regularity of the networks, vastly improve the utility of this scheme in comparison to perfect state transfer schemes. The structures can also be used for entanglement generation.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Phenomenology: Exploring Women\u27s Experiences of First TIME IUD Insertion

Purpose: This study aims to explore Indonesian women\u27s experiences of first-time IUD insertion.Method: This study using phenomenological approach. Three Javanese women who lived in Malang Indonesia were interviewed using an unstructured process and the women\u27s native language was utilized. Soon after the interview, transcripts were translated from Indonesian into English, and phenomenological analysis of data was used.Result: The results revealed one major and three minor themes and identify embarrassment as the major contribution to women\u27s feelings of powerlessness. These feelings emerged because women experienced a lack of privacy during the insertion procedure. Women are vulnerable especially when there is no support received while facing a stressful medical procedure.Conclusion: Women need assistance from the health staff in order to deal with this traumatic experience. This improvement will includes the enhancement of clinic staff communication skills, the enrichment of health practice in providing better service and the upgrading of health policy that focuses on nurses/ doctors\u27 attitudes to give women-centered care

Decoherence of Macroscopic Closed Systems within Newtonian Quantum Gravity

A theory recently proposed by the author aims to explain decoherence and the thermodynamical behaviour of closed systems within a conservative, unitary, framework for quantum gravity by assuming that the operators tied to the gravitational degrees of freedom are unobservable and equating physical entropy with matter-gravity entanglement entropy. Here we obtain preliminary results on the extent of decoherence this theory predicts. We treat first a static state which, if one were to ignore quantum gravitational effects, would be a quantum superposition of two spatially displaced states of a single classically well describable ball of uniform mass density in empty space. Estimating the quantum gravitational effects on this system within a simple Newtonian approximation, we obtain formulae which predict e.g. that as long as the mass of the ball is considerably larger than the Planck mass, such a would-be-coherent static superposition will actually be decohered whenever the separation of the centres of mass of the two ball-states excedes a small fraction (which decreases as the mass of the ball increases) of the ball radius. We then obtain a formula for the quantum gravitational correction to the would-be-pure density matrix of a non-relativistic many-body Schroedinger wave function and argue that this formula predicts decoherence between configurations which differ (at least) in the "relocation" of a cluster of particles of Planck mass. We estimate the entropy of some simple model closed systems, finding a tendency for it to increase with "matter-clumping" suggestive of a link with existing phenomenological discussions of cosmological entropy increase.Comment: 11 pages, plain TeX, no figures. Accepted for publication as a "Letter to the Editor" in "Classical and Quantum Gravity

Closing the science-practice gap: Introduction to the special issue on psychological interventions for comorbid addictions and mental health problems

Guest editorial: Introduction to the special issue on psychological interventions for dual diagnosis

An Integral Spectral Representation of the Propagator for the Wave Equation in the Kerr Geometry

We consider the scalar wave equation in the Kerr geometry for Cauchy data which is smooth and compactly supported outside the event horizon. We derive an integral representation which expresses the solution as a superposition of solutions of the radial and angular ODEs which arise in the separation of variables. In particular, we prove completeness of the solutions of the separated ODEs. This integral representation is a suitable starting point for a detailed analysis of the long-time dynamics of scalar waves in the Kerr geometry.Comment: 41 pages, 4 figures, minor correction

Quantum Control Theory for State Transformations: Dark States and their Enlightenment

For many quantum information protocols such as state transfer, entanglement transfer and entanglement generation, standard notions of controllability for quantum systems are too strong. We introduce the weaker notion of accessible pairs, and prove an upper bound on the achievable fidelity of a transformation between a pair of states based on the symmetries of the system. A large class of spin networks is presented for which this bound can be saturated. In this context, we show how the inaccessible dark states for a given excitation-preserving evolution can be calculated, and illustrate how some of these can be accessed using extra catalytic excitations. This emphasises that it is not sufficient for analyses of state transfer in spin networks to restrict to the single excitation subspace. One class of symmetries in these spin networks is exactly characterised in terms of the underlying graph properties.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures v3: rewritten for increased clarit

Multitouch Experiment Instruction and Self-Regulation: Promoting Self-Regulation with a Multitouch Experiment Instruction on the topic of water analysis

In context of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), the range of experiments offered by the Schülerlabor NanoBioLab at Saarland University was expanded to include an experiment on the topic of water analysis, which provided the basis of the intervention. In addition to the analogue experiment instruction, there is a digital version which is presented as a Multitouch Experiment Instruction (MEI). MEIs are digitally enriched, interactive experiment instructions that accompany the cognitive learning process of pupils and promote competencies in the digital world (Seibert et al., 2020). In this study, we analysed whether the MEI could support self-regulated learning in an indirect support approach by considering different hierarchical levels of self-regulation in the design of the materials. The results show a significant acquisition of self-regulatory competences of learners in grades ten and eleven by using the MEI compared to the analogue version

Winning combinations of history-dependent games

The Parrondo effect describes the seemingly paradoxical situation in which two losing games can, when combined, become winning [Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 24 (2000)]. Here we generalize this analysis to the case where both games are history-dependent, i.e. there is an intrinsic memory in the dynamics of each game. New results are presented for the cases of both random and periodic switching between the two games.Comment: (6 pages, 7 figures) Version 2: Major cosmetic changes and some minor correction

Improved detection of small atom numbers through image processing

We demonstrate improved detection of small trapped atomic ensembles through advanced post-processing and optimal analysis of absorption images. A fringe removal algorithm reduces imaging noise to the fundamental photon-shot-noise level and proves beneficial even in the absence of fringes. A maximum-likelihood estimator is then derived for optimal atom-number estimation and is applied to real experimental data to measure the population differences and intrinsic atom shot-noise between spatially separated ensembles each comprising between 10 and 2000 atoms. The combined techniques improve our signal-to-noise by a factor of 3, to a minimum resolvable population difference of 17 atoms, close to our ultimate detection limit.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure