Reconstruction of Insulin Signal Flow from Phosphoproteome and Metabolome Data

SummaryCellular homeostasis is regulated by signals through multiple molecular networks that include protein phosphorylation and metabolites. However, where and when the signal flows through a network and regulates homeostasis has not been explored. We have developed a reconstruction method for the signal flow based on time-course phosphoproteome and metabolome data, using multiple databases, and have applied it to acute action of insulin, an important hormone for metabolic homeostasis. An insulin signal flows through a network, through signaling pathways that involve 13 protein kinases, 26 phosphorylated metabolic enzymes, and 35 allosteric effectors, resulting in quantitative changes in 44 metabolites. Analysis of the network reveals that insulin induces phosphorylation and activation of liver-type phosphofructokinase 1, thereby controlling a key reaction in glycolysis. We thus provide a versatile method of reconstruction of signal flow through the network using phosphoproteome and metabolome data

Reconstruction of Insulin Signal Flow from Phosphoproteome and Metabolome Data

Cellular homeostasis is regulated by signals through multiple molecular networks that include protein phosphorylation and metabolites. However, where and when the signal flows through a network and regulates homeostasis has not been explored. We have developed a reconstruction method for the signal flow based on time-course phosphoproteome and metabolome data, using multiple databases, and have applied it to acute action of insulin, an important hormone for metabolic homeostasis. An insulin signal flows through a network, through signaling pathways that involve 13 protein kinases, 26 phosphorylated metabolic enzymes, and 35 allosteric effectors, resulting in quantitative changes in 44 metabolites. Analysis of the network reveals that insulin induces phosphorylation and activation of liver-type phosphofructokinase 1, thereby controlling a key reaction in glycolysis. We thus provide a versatile method of reconstruction of signal flow through the network using phosphoproteome and metabolome data.UTokyo Research掲載「細胞内のビッグデータから大規模ネットワークの再構築に成功」URI: http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/utokyo-research/research-news/reconstruction-of-molecular-network-from-cellular-big-data/UTokyo Research "Reconstruction of molecular network from cellular big data" URI: http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/utokyo-research/research-news/reconstruction-of-molecular-network-from-cellular-big-data

OK-432 Treatment of Ranula Intruding into the Cervical Region

Objectives: Plunging ranula intruding into the cervical region is rare and a standard therapy has not yet been consolidated. This paper investigates the outcomes and side effects of OK-432 treatment in patients with a ranula extending into the cervical region. Methods: The study design and setting consisted of a planned data collection at Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University and Fukase Clinic. Eight patients with ranula extending into the cervical region received OK-432 treatment between January 2016 and February 2019. OK-432 treatment was performed for patients with ranula extending into the cervical region. Results: In all patients, a total shrinkage and marked reduction in lesions were observed without local scars or deformations after OK-432 treatment. Complications were local swelling and mild fever (37.5–38.5 °C), which lasted a few days in half of the patients. Conclusions: OK-432 treatment is straightforward, secure, and efficacious and can be substituted for surgery in the treatment of ranula extending into the cervical region

Catalytic Oxidation of Thiols within Cavities of Phthalocyanine Network Polymers

Two three-dimensional (3D) network polymers (<b>1</b> and <b>2</b>), in which zinc­(II) or cobalt­(II) phthalocyanines were interconnected with twisted 9,9′-spirobifluorene linkers, were synthesized in order to investigate their performance as heterogeneous catalysts for thiol oxidations. From the spectroscopic analyses of two dimers (<b>3</b> and <b>4</b>) as component units of the network polymers, <b>3</b> connected with a short linker revealed electronic interaction between the two phthalocyanine units. Micrometer-sized polymer particles were formed due to the condensation of the twisted 9,9′-spirobifluorene linkers in the presence of zinc or cobalt ions. The dispersed solutions of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> had sharp Q-bands, indicating the prevention of stacking among phthalocyanine moieties within the polymers. Powdered X-ray diffraction pattern and N₂ adsorption–desorption analyses suggested that <b>1</b> created small and rigid cavities as compared with <b>2</b> through the regular spatially arrangement of the phthalocyanine moieties in the 3D networks. The photocatalytic and catalytic activities of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> for thiol oxidations using molecular oxygen were examined. We found that the catalytic activity of <b>1</b> was higher than that of <b>2</b> having larger cavities

A Facelift Procedure for Resection of Benign Parapharyngeal Tumors

Objective: The feasibility, surgical outcomes and possible risks and complications encountered during a facelift procedure for patients with parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumor were analyzed. Method: This retrospective analysis examined 10 patients who underwent surgery for PPS tumor using a facelift incision at our institutes between April 2015 and August 2019. Results: This study included four retro-styloid (benign nerve sheath tumor) and six pre-styloid tumors (pleomorphic adenoma). Mean tumor dimensions were 4.1 x 4.2 x 3.8 cm respectively. None of the patients needed conversion to conventional open resection. Transient sensory changes in the auricle occurred in 30% of the patients; however, all recovered within four months. In all the patients, postoperative scars were fully concealed by the auricle and hair. No recurrences were detected during a mean follow-up period of 16.6 months. Conclusion: The facelift procedure provides adequate visualization, workspace and excellent cosmetic results in properly selected cases

Lifting twarzy w resekcji łagodnych nowotworów przestrzeni przygardłowej

Cel: Przeanalizowano opcje terapeutyczne, wyniki leczenia, potencjalne ryzyko i powikłania w czasie zabiegu liftingu twarzy u pacjentów z guzami przestrzeni przygardłowej (PPG). Metody: W retrospektywnej analizie uwzględniono 10 pacjentów poddawanych leczeniu operacyjnemu w naszym ośrodku w okresie od kwietnia 2015 r. do sierpnia 2019 r. z powodu guza PPG z wykorzystaniem cięcia do liftingu. Wyniki: W badaniu uwzględniono cztery guzy zarylcowate (łagodne nowotwory z osłonek nerwów obwodowych) i sześć guzów przedrylcowatych (gruczolak wielopostaciowy). Średnie wymiary guza wynosiły 4,1 x 4,2 x 3,8 cm. U żadnego pacjenta nie zaistniała potrzeba konwersji do otwartej resekcji. Przejściowe zaburzenia czucia w obrębie płatka pojawiły się u 30% osób, przy czym u wszystkich zmiany wycofały się w ciągu czterech miesięcy. U pacjentów ranę pooperacyjną całkowicie zakrywała małżowina uszna i włosy. Nie obserwowano wznowy w okresie obserwacji przez średnio 16.6 miesięcy. Wnioski: Lifting twarzy zapewnia dobre uwidocznienie guza, właściwe pole operacyjne i doskonałe efekty kosmetyczne u wybranych chorych