Mesenchymal stromal cells induce inhibitory effects on hepatocellular carcinoma through various signaling pathways

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent type of malignant liver disease worldwide. Molecular changes in HCC collectively contribute to Wnt/β-catenin, as a tumor proliferative signaling pathway, toll-like receptors (TLRs), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), as well as the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), predominant signaling pathways linked to the release of tumor-promoting cytokines. It should also be noted that the Hippo signaling pathway plays an important role in organ size control, particularly in promoting tumorigenesis and HCC development. Nowadays, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-based therapies have been the subject of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies for liver such as cirrhosis, liver failure, and HCC. At present, despite the importance of basic molecular pathways of malignancies, limited information has been obtained on this background. Therefore, it can be difcult to determine the true concept of interactions between MSCs and tumor cells. What is known, these cells could migrate toward tumor sites so apply efects via paracrine interaction on HCC cells. For example, one of the inhibitory efects of MSCs is the overexpression of dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1) as an important antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway. A growing body of research challenging the therapeutic roles of MSCs through the secretion of various trophic factors in HCC. This review illustrates the complex behavior of MSCs and precisely how their inhibitory signals interface with HCC tumor cells. Keywords: Mesenchymal stromal cells, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Wnt signaling, Toll like receptor, Nuclear factorkappa B, JNK pathwa

Randomized double blind clinical trial evaluating the Ellagic acid effects on insulin resistance, oxidative stress and sex hormones levels in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome

Abstract Objective: The design of this study was due to the report of the antioxidant properties of Ellagic acid (EA) for its evaluation on the Insulin resistance (IR), oxidative stress and sex hormones levels in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 60 patients were recruited. Patients were randomly allocated consumed a capsule containing 200 mg of EA per day (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 8 weeks. The fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, IR, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Malondialdehyde (MDA), C-reactive protein (CRP), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), sex hormones and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) were measured at the beginning and end of the study. Result: At the end of the study, the mean of FBS, insulin, IR, TC, TG, LDL, MDA, CRP, TNF-α, total testosterone, prolactin and AMH were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the placebo group (P 0.05). Conclusion: EA supplementation can be helpful as a diet supplement in women with PCOS through improvement in insulin resistance. This supplement may be used to reduce metabolic disorders in women

The effect of Ellagic acid on sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double blind clinical trial

Background Oxidative stress can reduce the quality of sleep in patients with type 2 diabetes. Antioxidants such as polyphenols may increase sleep quality by improving oxidative stress conditions. Objective Considering the antioxidant properties of Ellagic acid (EA), this study was designed to evaluate the effect of EA on sleep quality in diabetic patients. Methods In this study, 44 diabetic patients were recruited. Patients who met the inclusion criteria that were randomly allocated consumed a capsule containing 180 mg of EA per day (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric factors, physical activity, food intake, and Petersburg’s Sleep Quality (PSQI) questionnaire were assessed at the beginning and end of the study. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired sample t test and independent sample t test were used to analyze the data. Results At the end of the study, the mean scores of PSQI and sleep subgroups in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the placebo group (p 0.05). Conclusion According to these findings, intake of EA may help to improve the sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes. These effects may be due to the antioxidant effects of this polyphenol

The effect of Ellagic acid on sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double blind clinical trial

Background Oxidative stress can reduce the quality of sleep in patients with type 2 diabetes. Antioxidants such as polyphenols may increase sleep quality by improving oxidative stress conditions. Objective Considering the antioxidant properties of Ellagic acid (EA), this study was designed to evaluate the effect of EA on sleep quality in diabetic patients. Methods In this study, 44 diabetic patients were recruited. Patients who met the inclusion criteria that were randomly allocated consumed a capsule containing 180 mg of EA per day (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric factors, physical activity, food intake, and Petersburg’s Sleep Quality (PSQI) questionnaire were assessed at the beginning and end of the study. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired sample t test and independent sample t test were used to analyze the data. Results At the end of the study, the mean scores of PSQI and sleep subgroups in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the placebo group (p  0.05). Conclusion According to these findings, intake of EA may help to improve the sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes. These effects may be due to the antioxidant effects of this polyphenol

The effect of Ellagic acid on sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double blind clinical trial

Background Oxidative stress can reduce the quality of sleep in patients with type 2 diabetes. Antioxidants such as polyphenols may increase sleep quality by improving oxidative stress conditions. Objective Considering the antioxidant properties of Ellagic acid (EA), this study was designed to evaluate the effect of EA on sleep quality in diabetic patients. Methods In this study, 44 diabetic patients were recruited. Patients who met the inclusion criteria that were randomly allocated consumed a capsule containing 180 mg of EA per day (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric factors, physical activity, food intake, and Petersburg’s Sleep Quality (PSQI) questionnaire were assessed at the beginning and end of the study. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired sample t test and independent sample t test were used to analyze the data. Results At the end of the study, the mean scores of PSQI and sleep subgroups in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the placebo group (p < 0.05). According to intragroup comparisons, these changes were significant in the intervention group at the end of the study compared to the beginning of the study (p 0.05). Conclusion According to these findings, intake of EA may help to improve the sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes. These effects may be due to the antioxidant effects of this polyphenol

Randomized double blind clinical trial evaluating the Ellagic acid effects on insulin resistance, oxidative stress and sex hormones levels in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome

Objective: The design of this study was due to the report of the antioxidant properties of Ellagic acid (EA) for its evaluation on the Insulin resistance (IR), oxidative stress and sex hormones levels in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 60 patients were recruited. Patients were randomly allocated consumed a capsule containing 200 mg of EA per day (n=30) or placebo (n=30) for 8 weeks. The fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, IR, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Malondialdehyde (MDA), C-reactive protein (CRP), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), sex hormones and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) were measured at the beginning and end of the study. Result: At the end of the study, the mean of FBS, insulin, IR, TC, TG, LDL, MDA, CRP, TNF-α, total testosterone, prolactin and AMH were signifcantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the placebo group (P<0.05). Also, there was a signifcant increase in the mean of TAC after supplementation with EA (P<0.05). At the end of the study, no signifcant changes were observed in the mean of anthropometric factors, physical activity and food intake (P>0.05). Conclusion: EA supplementation can be helpful as a diet supplement in women with PCOS through improvement in insulin resistance. This supplement may be used to reduce metabolic disorders in women

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial studying the effects of Turmeric in combination with mefenamic acid in patients with primary dysmenorrhoea

Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is one of the common complaints in women. This study aimed to assess the effects of turmeric and mefenamic acid and a combination compared with placebo on PDM. This clinical trial was conducted on dormitory students with PDM. Subjects completed the visual analog scale (VAS) before randomization. One hundred twenty-eight patients, randomly assigned to one of following groups: Turmeric group (n = 32), mefenamic acid group (n = 32), turmeric and mefenamic acid group (n = 32), and placebo group (n = 32). Turmeric and mefenamic acid were administrated in 500 mg and 250 mg, respectively. Pain severity was assessed in the baseline and the end line by VAS. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. The combination of turmeric and mefenamic acid, dramatically, alleviated pain in comparison to other groups. Our results illustrated that combination of turmeric and mefenamic acid would be better in pain alleviation in PDM

T-ALL with TEL/AML1 Translocation, Aberrant Expression of CD19 and 33: Case Report and Literature Review

We herewith introduce a 9-year-old boy presenting with leukocytosis, anemia and high lymphoblast count who had a pale complexion as well as weight loss. His cytogenetic analysis revealed aberrant chromosomal rearrangements in different clonal populations harboring 46XY karyotype with t (12; 21) (p12; q22), which was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Flowcytometry assay detected aberrant B lymphocyte and myeloid CD markers such as CD19 (22.0%) and CD33 (20.5%), respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a patient initially diagnosed as TEL/AML1 transcript positive T-ALL expressing CD19 and CD33 markers. The present article also highlights the need for molecular gene rearrangement studies to determine the precise lineage of ambiguous ALL clones.</p

Decreased insulin resistance in diabetic patients by influencing Sirtuin1 and Fetuin-A following supplementation with ellagic acid: a randomized controlled trial

Background: The benefcial efects of polyphenols have been reported. This study aimed to investigate the efect of oral Ellagic acid (EA) supplement on insulin resistance (IR) and Fetuin-A and serum sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in type 2 diabetics. Methods: In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 44 diabetic patients were selected. Patients were assigned to the intervention group (22 subjects) and placebo (22 subjects) and received a capsule containing 180 mg of EA per day or placebo for eight weeks, respectively. At the beginning and end of the study, anthropometric indices, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), plasma insulin level, IR, Fetuin-A, and SIRT1 were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: At the beginning and end of the study, there was no signifcant diference between the two groups regarding anthropometric indices (P>0.05). At the end of the survey, EA supplementation signifcantly reduced FPG, insulin, IR, and Fetuin-A and increased SIRT1 levels compared with the placebo group (P<0.05). However, these changes were not signifcant in the placebo group (P>0.05). Conclusion: EA with antioxidant properties plays an essential role in reducing the macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes by reducing infammation and insulin resistanc