Cuckoo Search Algorithm for Congestion Alleviation with Incorporation of Wind Farm

The issue to alleviate congestion in the power system framework has emerged as an alluring field for the power system researchers. The research conducted in this article proposes a cuckoo search algorithm based congestion alleviation strategy with the incorporation of wind farm. The bus sensitivity factor data are computed and utilized to sort out the sutiable position for the installation of the wind farm. The generators contributing in the real power rescheduleing process are selected as per the generator sensitivity values. The cuckoo search algorithm is implemented to minimize the congestion cost with the embodiment of the wind farm.The proposed method is tested on 39 bus New England framework and the results obtained with the cuckoo search based congestion management approach outperforms the results opted with other heuristic optimization techniques in the past research literatures

SYNTHESIS OF TRIAZOLOTHIADIAZINE DERIVATIVES AS ANTIOXIDANT AGENTS

Objectives: The objective of the present study is to synthesize 3-substituted phenyl-6-phenyl-7H-[1, 2, 4] triazolo [3, 4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazine. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral studies.Methods: The titled compounds were synthesized by the reaction of substituted benzoic acid with thiocarbohydrazide followed by refluxing with 2-bromoacetophenone in ethanol. These compounds were evaluated for in-vitro antioxidant activity by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method.Results: Compounds 2e and 2i exhibited good antioxidant activity as compared with standard, ascorbic acid.Conclusion: In summary, 3-substituted phenyl-6-phenyl-7H-[1, 2, 4] triazolo [3, 4-b] [1, 3, 4] thiadiazine derivatives have been synthesized and characterized. In-vitro antioxidant activity of the compounds was screened by DPPH free radical scavenging method. Among the synthesized compounds, the compounds 2e and 2i have been shown the most prominent antioxidant activity using ascorbic acid as standard. The future perspective of in-vivo antioxidant evaluation of these compounds can be the potential lead.Â

Knowledge and Attitude of Primary School Teachers for Periodontal Disease

Background: This research study aimed to explore the knowledge and attitudes of primary school teachers regarding periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a common oral health condition that can affect people of all ages, including children. Teachers play a vital role in promoting oral health among their students, and understanding their knowledge and attitudes towards periodontal disease is essential for designing effective oral health education programs. Materials and Methods: For this study, a survey was conducted among primary school teachers from various schools. The survey included questions related to their knowledge about periodontal disease, its causes, symptoms, and preventive measures. Additionally, it assessed their attitudes towards oral health promotion in the classroom. A total of 300 primary school teachers participated in the survey, providing valuable insights into their perspectives on periodontal disease. Results: Knowledge Level: The study found that 60% of primary school teachers had a basic understanding of periodontal disease. However, only 25% could correctly identify its major causes, and 45% were aware of its common symptoms. Attitudes towards Oral Health: Interestingly, 80% of teachers expressed a positive attitude towards incorporating oral health education into their teaching curriculum. They believed that educating students about oral hygiene was important. Use of Educational Resources: Approximately 70% of teachers reported using oral health educational resources such as pamphlets and videos in their classrooms. Barriers: The study also identified some barriers to effective oral health education, including a lack of time, resources, and training. Conclusion: This study highlights the varying levels of knowledge among primary school teachers regarding periodontal disease. While a majority expressed positive attitudes towards oral health education, there is a need for targeted training and resources to improve their knowledge and confidence in teaching students about periodontal disease. Efforts to overcome existing barriers should also be considered to enhance oral health promotion in primary schools

FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES OF ACECLOFENAC USING SOLVENT INJECTION METHOD.

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) of aceclofenac were prepared by solvent injection method. Glyceryl behenate (Compritol 888 ATO) was used as lipid core, and Poloxamer 188 as the surfactant. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) was used to dissolve both lipid and drug. The mean particle size measured by laser diffraction (LD) was 226.9 nm and the surface morphology was determined by scanning electron microscopy. The entrapment efficiency (EE) was found to be 90%. In-vitro dissolution was found to be 90.22%

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)1.

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field

Recovery of fluconazole sensitive Candida ciferrii in a diabetic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patient presenting with pneumonia

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations admitted in intensive care units (ICUs) occur rarely due to fungal respiratory tract infections, but may occur when associated co-morbidities like diabetes mellitus coexist. Candida ciferrii is a new agent, recently was isolated from lung infections but usually resistant to fluconazole. Here, we report a rare case of pneumonia due to fluconazole sensitive Candida ciferrii in a COPD patient with known diabetes, admitted in our ICU

Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Some New 2-Phenyl benzimidazoles Derivatives and their Schiff's Bases

Some new 2- phenyl benzimidazole derivatives were synthesised by cyclocondensation with appropriate reagents. The compounds synthesised were identified by 1H NMR, FAB Mass and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. All compounds studied in this work were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against the standard strains: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC - 25923, ATCC - 441 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC- 6633 as gram positive, Escherichia coli ATCC - 11775 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 as gram negative bacteria. Some of the compounds inhibited the growth of gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis and S. aureus) at MIC values between 25 and 200 mg/mL. Some of the compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity against gram negative bacteria (E. coli and P. Aeruginosa) MIC values between 25 and 200 mg/mL

Low and high energy deuterium ions emission in a 4.7 kJ plasma focus device and its variation with gas filling pressure

246-250Plasma Focus (PF) being a good source of electromagnetic radiations, ions and electrons, their characterization could be helpful in understanding the dynamics and various processes undergoing in this device. The emission of deuterium ions from PF at different filling gas pressures in the range 1-5 mbar has been studied in the present paper. An anti conical Faraday Cup (FC) has been designed and developed to detect ion flux. From the recorded signals, two peaks have been observed corresponding to low energy (a few eV) and high energy (few keV to hundreds of keV) ions. This study on measurement of poly energy ions flux at different filling gas pressures shows that the ratio of higher energy ions flux to lower energy ions flux increases with lowering the pressure and could be attributed to anomalous resistance in PF device