Response surface approach for sensitivity study of neck forces in restrained child occupant during side-impact crash

A study is undertaken to characterize the Neck Force (NF) of a CRS restrained 3 year old child occupant involved in lateral and oblique side impact. The Response Surface Method is used to map the parameter sensitivity upon the NF for impact speed of 32.2 km/h (20 mph) both individually as well as cross interactively. Design of Experiments is used with Latin Hypercube Sampling involving six predictors. A study of the response plots and statistical data obtained provide insights on the characteristic of each predictor with respect to the neck forces sustained. Greater parameter significance affecting neck forces is seen for narrow impact angles (φ ≤ 60°). Singularly, the impact angle parameter is revealed to be largely the most sensitive parameter to affect neck force especially at narrow angles. The critical range for this is identified to be between angles 50° and 70° while a secondary critical range is observed for angles below 34°.</jats:p

Response surface approach for sensitivity study of neck forces in restrained child occupant during side-impact crash

A study is undertaken to characterize the Neck Force (NF) of a CRS restrained 3 year old child occupant involved in lateral and oblique side impact. The Response Surface Method is used to map the parameter sensitivity upon the NF for impact speed of 32.2 km/h (20 mph) both individually as well as cross interactively. Design of Experiments is used with Latin Hypercube Sampling involving six predictors. A study of the response plots and statistical data obtained provide insights on the characteristic of each predictor with respect to the neck forces sustained. Greater parameter significance affecting neck forces is seen for narrow impact angles (ϕ ≤ 60°). Singularly, the impact angle parameter is revealed to be largely the most sensitive parameter to affect neck force especially at narrow angles. The critical range for this is identified to be between angles 50° and 70° while a secondary critical range is observed for angles below 34°

A parametric study of neck moment response in a 3 year old child subjected to oblique side impact.

The effect and interactions of various parameters on the Neck Moment experienced by a three year old child during side impact is investigated using a pre-validated numerical model. The simulation involves a HYBRID III 3-year old child Anthropometric Test Device (ATD) model restrained in a Child Restraint System. The numerical model assembly is comprised of a combination of both Finite Elements (FE) and Multi-body ellipsoids (Mb). It is subjected to lateral and oblique side impact crash using the Prescribed Structural Motion method. The model is adapted to investigate the effect of intrusion and oblique impacting angles. The Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) design is adopted for the Plan of Experiments in which six parameters are subjected to two different impact velocities. Statistical methods are employed in which both quantitative and qualitative parametric studies are carried out. The study indicates greater parametric significance at high impact speed and at wide impact angles (φ = 60°). The impact angle parameter is largely shown to be the most significant parameter in affecting the Neck Moment response. The impact angle parameter trend is found to be very similar for both impact speeds. A relatively safe region is found to exist between impact angles 45° and 65°. © 2006-2016 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN)

Development of economical vehicle model for pedestrian-friendly front-end profile study

An economical and deformable, hybrid model is developed for studying the effect of vehicle geometry on pedestrian fall kinematics and associated head injury. A simplified structure consisting of finite element surfaces and a Multi-body windshield is built using a series of iterative and no-iterative steps. The primary focus is not the stiffness characteristics of the structure but rather the fall pattern and kinematics data of the pedestrian due solely to the vehicle front-end shape.Comprehensive validation is carried out wherbey the fidelity of the model is reviewed for pedestrian crash kinematics and injury criteria as well as piecewise vehicle parts impact tests. The model is shown to hold up acceptably well against benchmarked values especially for the former, whereby very close head injury criteria values are obtained at identical impact locations. The model's notable features are its economical computational processing time and eases of modification