The emerging role of inventory management in small restaurants: Developing an effective inventory management system for a small pizza shop

The inventory management system is foremost in each association; particularly such associations who supply goods in advance for trade to consumers. This study project is determined on the place of work of the researcher, “Poppas Pizza.” The study is limited to learning the inventory management system of “Poppas Pizza”, classifying the limitations of the inventory system of the shop, and recommending solutions to progress the inventory management system of the shop. The entire research is dependent on the qualitative technique involving the personal observations of the researcher and, furthermore, with carrying out discussions with the shop director to identify information about these weaknesses. The study found weaknesses of the shop through learning the present inventory management system of the shop, and suggestions has been completed to progress the technique. The suggestions were completed through the previous studies and from the interviews

Knowledge and awareness of orthopaedic surgeons about radiation hazards in operation theatres

Background: Due to increase in geriatric orthopaedic patients minimally invasive soft tissue and orthopaedic surgeries are gaining. But such procedures have increased the surgeon’s dependence on fluoroscopy which has exposed them to ever increasing dosage of ionising radiations (both direct and scattered).Methods: The study was carried out among medical professionals attending annual north zone conference of orthopaedics using a pre-designed questionnaire on a non-probability sample of 200 orthopedicians.  Questionnaires contained 11 MCQs.Results: 62% of the surgeons believed that hands receive maximum amount of C-arm radiations followed by thyroid (25%). 9% of surgeons have answered eyes and 4% say gonads. 31% of surgeons believe that 100 mSv is allowable annual effective whole-body dose of radiation. 15% believe it to be 500 msv. Majority (37%) of the surgeons had no idea on the allowable annual effective whole-body dose of radiation. 30% of surgeons believe that allowable annual effective dose of radiation for hands is 50 msv. Further 23% of the surgeons believe it to be 100 msv. 50% have no idea about this.Conclusions: All orthopaedic residents and surgeons should have more information and knowledge about ionising radiation. Special courses and workshops can be arranged at local, regional and national levels in this regard.

A Study of End-functionalized Polylactide based Thin Films for Biomedical Applications

The goal of the present work was to understand the important design factors for a nanostructured polylactide scaffold for tissue engineering. This work focused on two important design aspects of tissue engineering: Topography and Chemistry. The specific goal of the work was to understand how topography and chemistry (end functionalization of PLA) of scaffolds impacts cell attachment, growth and proliferation. This was achieved by spin-coating PLA and Ionomeric PLA on glass coverslips followed by thermal annealing of these thin films that resulted in scaffolds of varying topology and scale-size. The morphologies are expected to be a consequence of two competing phenomena, dewetting and crystallization. Nano-scale texturing produced with annealing did not influence cell behavior. Functional end-capping of PLA by ionic groups in ionomeric PLA enhanced osteoblast differentiation compared to the traditional PLA based materials; however, formation of mineral nodules was suppressed, possibly due to the ions. Since topography did not influence cell behavior in the first set of studies, influence of a different end functionalization was undertaken in the next. The possibility of cholesterol-a bioactive motif, in rendering PLA cell receptive was evaluated. Cholesterol end-functionalized PLA was synthesized by ring opening methods and then flat non textured films were evaluated for cell response. Also, annealing and texture formation experiments were performed for sake of our curiosity

Hierarchically Structured Free-Standing Hydrogels with Liquid Crystalline Domains and Magnetic Nanoparticles as Dual Physical Cross-Linkers

Here we report a modular strategy for preparing physically cross-linked and mechanically robust free-standing hydrogels comprising unique thermotropic liquid crystalline (LC) domains and magnetic nanoparticles both of which serve as the physical cross-linkers resulting in hydrogels that can be used as magnetically responsive soft actuators. A series of amphiphilic LC pentablock copolymers of poly­(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly­(5-cholesteryloxypentyl methacrylate) (PC5MA), and poly­(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blocks in the sequence of PAA–PC5MA–PEO–PC5MA–PAA were prepared using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. These pentablock copolymers served as macromolecular ligands to template Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), which were directly anchored to the polymer chains through the coordination bonds with the carboxyl groups of PAA blocks. The resulting polymer/MNP nanocomposites comprised a complicated hierarchical structure in which polymer-coated MNP clusters were dispersed in a microsegregated pentablock copolymer matrix that further contained LC ordering. Upon swelling, the hierarchical structure was disrupted and converted to a network structure, in which MNP clusters were anchored to the polymer chains and LC domains stayed intact to connect solvated PEO and PAA blocks, leading to a free-standing LC magnetic hydrogel (LC ferrogel). By varying the PAA weight fraction (<i>f</i>_AA) in the pentablock copolymers, the swelling degrees (<i>Q</i>) of the resulting LC ferrogels were tailored. Rheological experiments showed that these physically cross-linked free-standing LC ferrogels exhibit good mechanical strength with storage moduli <i>G</i>′ of around 10⁴–10⁵ Pa, similar to that of natural tissues. Furthermore, application of a magnetic field induced bending actuation of the LC ferrogels. Therefore, these physically cross-linked and mechanically robust LC ferrogels can be used as soft actuators and artificial muscles. Moreover, this design strategy is a versatile platform for incorporation of different types of nanoparticles (metallic, inorganic, biological, etc.) into multifunctional amphiphilic block copolymers, resulting in unique free-standing hybrid hydrogels of good mechanical strength and integrity with tailored properties and end applications

Hierarchically Structured Free-Standing Hydrogels with Liquid Crystalline Domains and Magnetic Nanoparticles as Dual Physical Cross-Linkers

Here we report a modular strategy for preparing physically cross-linked and mechanically robust free-standing hydrogels comprising unique thermotropic liquid crystalline (LC) domains and magnetic nanoparticles both of which serve as the physical cross-linkers resulting in hydrogels that can be used as magnetically responsive soft actuators. A series of amphiphilic LC pentablock copolymers of poly­(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly­(5-cholesteryloxypentyl methacrylate) (PC5MA), and poly­(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blocks in the sequence of PAA–PC5MA–PEO–PC5MA–PAA were prepared using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. These pentablock copolymers served as macromolecular ligands to template Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), which were directly anchored to the polymer chains through the coordination bonds with the carboxyl groups of PAA blocks. The resulting polymer/MNP nanocomposites comprised a complicated hierarchical structure in which polymer-coated MNP clusters were dispersed in a microsegregated pentablock copolymer matrix that further contained LC ordering. Upon swelling, the hierarchical structure was disrupted and converted to a network structure, in which MNP clusters were anchored to the polymer chains and LC domains stayed intact to connect solvated PEO and PAA blocks, leading to a free-standing LC magnetic hydrogel (LC ferrogel). By varying the PAA weight fraction (<i>f</i>_AA) in the pentablock copolymers, the swelling degrees (<i>Q</i>) of the resulting LC ferrogels were tailored. Rheological experiments showed that these physically cross-linked free-standing LC ferrogels exhibit good mechanical strength with storage moduli <i>G</i>′ of around 10⁴–10⁵ Pa, similar to that of natural tissues. Furthermore, application of a magnetic field induced bending actuation of the LC ferrogels. Therefore, these physically cross-linked and mechanically robust LC ferrogels can be used as soft actuators and artificial muscles. Moreover, this design strategy is a versatile platform for incorporation of different types of nanoparticles (metallic, inorganic, biological, etc.) into multifunctional amphiphilic block copolymers, resulting in unique free-standing hybrid hydrogels of good mechanical strength and integrity with tailored properties and end applications