游泳と水上安全に関する研究 : 自然の水泳場における游泳調査からの考察

原著論文Original Paper自然の水泳場における青少年・少女への游泳指導、水上安全教育、溺水事故防止指導と、小学校学習指導要領によるところの体験的学習の方法を見出すことを目的に、自然の水泳場における青少年・少女の水泳、水遊び状況を調査し考察した。その結果、プールでの水泳指導を基本に体験的学習として、自然の水泳場での源泳指導へと展開し、「源」の「およぐ、うかぶ、あそぶ」と、「泳」の「もぐる」による指導を、安全水泳の原則である「一に監督、二に指導」による指導と体験的学習によって行うことが有効的な方法と考えられる

Mechanisms of Neuronal Death in Synucleinopathy

α-synuclein is a key molecule in the pathogenesis of synucleinopathy including Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy. In this mini-review, we mainly focus on recent data obtained from cellular models of synucleinopathy and discuss the possible mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Recent progress suggests that the aggregate formation of α-synuclein is cytoprotective and that its precursor oligomer (protofibril) may be cytotoxic. The catechol-derived quinones are the candidate molecules that facilitate the oligomer formation of α-synuclein. Furthermore, the cellular membranes are shown to be the primary targets injured by mutant α-synucleins, and the mitochondrial dysfunction seems to be an initial step in the neuronal death

多形腺腫における細胞分化の促進因子としての Wnt シグナルの可能性

There are well known that Wnt signaling was some roles of cell differentiation at the development tissues, especially the oral and maxillofacial regions of some developmental stages. Therefore, to determine Wnt signaling in the pleomorphic adenoma tissues, we examined. The expression of Wnt1 and β-catenin as well as the distribution of various cytoskeletal proteins CK7 and CK13 was examined in 30 cases of pleomorphic adenoma by immunohistochemistry. Wnt1 was detected in almost all tumor cells. The peripheral columnar cells in squamous metaplasia and small cuboidal cells in duct-like structures were strongly positive to Wnt1. Although β-catenin was clearly localized on the cell membrane of tumor cells, nuclear translocation was observed in small cuboidal cells and in some basaloid cells. The immunofluorescent staining pattern of Wnt1 and CK7 as well as Wnt1 and CK13 was consistent with IHC results. Thus, in pleomorphic adenoma, Wnt is involved in tumor cell differentiation of peripheral columnar cells forming solid nests and small peripheral columnar cells forming duct-like structures. Moreover, among the three currently known Wnt pathways, β-catenin is the suggested pathway working during cell differentiation. Furthermore, peripheral columnar cells in solid tumor nests and in squamous metaplasia are governed by another Wnt pathway other than β-catenin. Therefore, Wnt signaling through β-catenin pathway may be involved in the ‘mixed’ differentiation characteristic of pleomorphic adenoma although another pathway may also be possibly working in other parts of the tumor tissue.2014博士（歯学）松本歯科大

エナメル上皮腫におけるHeat Shock Protein27の発現と細胞分化

The expression of HSP27 and some CKs were examined the 40 cases of typical solid/multicystic ameloblastoma using immunohistochemical techniques. In order to examine the relevance of HSP in cell differentiation, we focused on the cytoskeletal expression of CK. CK19 is a marker of typical odontogenic epithelium widely observed in follicular and plexiform types of ameloblastomas. Since staining with CK14 is one of the measures of the differentiation potential of squamous cells and is extensively expressed in both follicular and plexiform types, it implies that squamous differentiation of each type can occur. CK8 was strongly detected in tumor nests in plexiform type but weakly detected in follicular type. It was considered that the expression of HSP27 in plexiform type correlated with the expression of CK8 suggesting that HSP27 might have regulated the expression of CK8.2013博士（歯学）松本歯科大

多形腺腫における細胞分化因子としてのNotchの可能性

The expression of Notch in 30 cases of pleomorphic adenoma was examined by immunohistochemistry.Comparing the results of our study with previous literatures, from the partial CK7 expression and substantial Notch expression in ductal epithelial cells as well as the Notch expression in solid tumor nests, it can be inferred that Notch is involved in cell differentiation. CK13 expression was observed in cells undergoing squamous metaplasia and Notch expression was seen in the nucleus of basal and squamous cells. The intense Notch expression in basal cells and weak expression in squamous cells suggests that Notch is involved in the differentiation from basal to squamous cell. Moreover, the loss of nuclear expression on the inner layer would signify that differentiation is about to end or has been terminated. Notch was expressed in the cytoplasm of cartilage cells and in the cell membrane of mucous cells but not in the nucleus indicating that differentiation has been concluded. Notch involvement is suspected in cell differentiation in areas showing ductal structures and squamous metaplasia. In summary, Notch is involved in cell differentiation of ductal cells in PA. Nuclear expression was shown in tumor cells in solid nests and surrounding structures. Moreover, Notch is expressed by basal cells undergoing squamous metaplasia suggesting the participation of Notch in cell differentiation in PA.2015博士（歯学）松本歯科大

プールにおける時間遠泳の教育効果に関する検討1

原著Original Article大学生の水泳実習において、プールでは25m以上泳げるが、海では泳げなくなる事例が発生した。調査の結果、学校施設へのプール設置、スイミングクラブの増大により、1960年代以降から、水泳環境が、自然の水泳場からプールへと移行していることが示唆された。そこでプールの普及とスイミングクラブによる水泳効果について、競技記録を調査した結果、小学校での水泳授業、課外活動などでの水泳競技力への効果は、1980年頃までは顕著であったが、1980年以降は、スイミングクラブなど社会体育による、トップアスリート養成の時代であることが示唆された。プールが主体の近年の水泳、水遊び環境において、子供たちによる水泳は、泳法、タイム、スピードが中心と考えられるが、遠泳なども重要な水泳であると考える。そこで、プールによる遠泳、浜松市小学校30分間回泳に着目し、学校教育における集団・時間遠泳体験が、児童の成長、発達に及ぼす教育効果と生活習慣、運動意欲の変化を調査し、プールにおける遠泳の教育効果を検証することとした

Relato de caso: Sequestro pulmonar com fístula gástrica em uma mulher de 20 anos

O sequestro broncopulmonar (SBP) é uma condição rara caracterizada pela presença de tecido pulmonar sem função e sem conexão com as vias respiratórias, podendo se apresentar de duas formas: intralobar ou extralobar.1 Mais raramente, o SBP pode se apresentar associado a uma fistula gastrointestinal. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 20 anos com histórico de pneumonias de repetição e dor torácica ventilatória dependente que, após exames de tomografia computadorizada de tórax contrastada e endoscopia digestiva alta, foi diagnosticada com sequestro pulmonar de segmento basal medial e presença de fístula gástrica na região da cárdia. O tratamento foi realizado através de uma lobectomia esquerda, com sucesso

本学部における「公開授業」の取り組み

報告Report本学部のFD・授業評価委員会では「公開授業」の必要性を2003年度から検討し、2003年度は「看護学概論III」を、2004年度は「身体の構造と機能IV」を公開授業として実施した。同時に参加した教員にアンケートを行って、公開授業の有用性、問題点などを検討した。その結果、公開授業にはまだいくつかの課題は残るものの、教授法改善、授業改善に関して、「学生による授業評価」では不足する観点を与えるものであること。また、「教員による授業相互評価」の一つの方法としては、特定の少数の教員だけによる評価方法より、「公開授業」のような不特定・多数の同僚教員から評価が得られる方法の方が、教授法の改善という観点から、効果やメリットが大きい可能性があることが分かった

The AAA-ATPase VPS4 Regulates Extracellular Secretion and Lysosomal Targeting of α-Synuclein

Many neurodegenerative diseases share a common pathological feature: the deposition of amyloid-like fibrils composed of misfolded proteins. Emerging evidence suggests that these proteins may spread from cell-to-cell and encourage the propagation of neurodegeneration in a prion-like manner. Here, we demonstrated that α-synuclein (αSYN), a principal culprit for Lewy pathology in Parkinson's disease (PD), was present in endosomal compartments and detectably secreted into the extracellular milieu. Unlike prion protein, extracellular αSYN was mainly recovered in the supernatant fraction rather than in exosome-containing pellets from the neuronal culture medium and cerebrospinal fluid. Surprisingly, impaired biogenesis of multivesicular body (MVB), an organelle from which exosomes are derived, by dominant-negative mutant vacuolar protein sorting 4 (VPS4) not only interfered with lysosomal targeting of αSYN but facilitated αSYN secretion. The hypersecretion of αSYN in VPS4-defective cells was efficiently restored by the functional disruption of recycling endosome regulator Rab11a. Furthermore, both brainstem and cortical Lewy bodies in PD were found to be immunoreactive for VPS4. Thus, VPS4, a master regulator of MVB sorting, may serve as a determinant of lysosomal targeting or extracellular secretion of αSYN and thereby contribute to the intercellular propagation of Lewy pathology in PD