Spectrum of Two-Dimensional (Super)Gravity

We review the BRST analysis of the system of a (super)conformal matter coupled to 2D (super)gravity. The spectrum and its operator realization are reported. In particular, the operators associated with the states of nonzero ghost number are given. We also discuss the ground ring structure of the super-Liouville coupled to ${\hat c}=1$ matter. In appendices, hermiticities, states for $c<1$ conformal matter coupled to gravity and the proof for the spectrum are discussed.Comment: 34 page

Branch Formation and Yield by Flower Bud or Shoot Removal in Tomato

Branch formation might be used as indices for improving productivity in tomatoes. However, there has been little research to elucidate the relationship between the emergence of terminal flower bud (TFB) and the elongation of lateral shoots. Therefore, the effects of flower bud or shoot removal on plant growth, flowering, and yield were investigated. In indeterminate cultivar, the lateral shoot of the second node below TFB was suppressed by flower bud removal but not by shoot removal compared with untreated plants. In determinate cultivar, the opposite results were observed. TFB emergence was affected and not affected during lateral shoot elongation of both type cultivars, respectively. In determinate-type tomato, growth, dry weight, and the distribution of nitrogen and calcium in the lateral shoots in the pinching treatments (shoot removal) were greater than those in the control. The flowering periods and number of flowers per lateral shoot in the pinching treatments were shorter and greater, respectively, than those in the control. Initial weekly yields in the pinching treatments were increased compared with those in the control. From these results, since the branch formation and productivity by flower bud or shoot removal was clarified, it would be useful information for future tomato production

Comparative study of the work load between one-man buses and two-man buses.

The differences in physiological and safety conditions of one-man buses and two-man buses were examined from the view point of occupational fatigue. This survey consisted of a work load study which included a time study, study of subsidiary behavior, auditory task, memory test, Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) and physiological function tests and a self-administered questionnaire which involved items concerning safety and subjective fatigue complaints. The visual and postural restrictions in the one-man bus were greater than in the two-man bus. The mental capacity of the one-man bus drivers was found to be less. Greater mental fatigue and stress were observed in the one-man bus. More subjective fatigue complaints were observed in the one-man bus. More cases of near accidents were observed in the one-man bus. From these results it was concluded that the one-man bus caused bus drivers a greater mental and physical work load.</p

BRST Analysis of Physical States in Two-Dimensional Black Hole

We study the BRST cohomology for $SL(2,R)/U(1)$ coset model, which describes an exact string black hole solution. It is shown that the physical spectrum could contain not only the extra discrete states corresponding to those in $c=1$ two-dimensional gravity but also many additional new states with ghost number $N_{FP}= -1 \sim 2$. We also discuss characters for nonunitary representations and the relation of our results to other approaches.Comment: 44 pages, OS-GE 28-93, OU-HET 17

Rice Annotation Database (RAD): a contig-oriented database for map-based rice genomics

A contig-oriented database for annotation of the rice genome has been constructed to facilitate map-based rice genomics. The Rice Annotation Database has the following functional features: (i) extensive effort of manual annotations of P1-derived artificial chromosome/bacterial artificial chromosome clones can be merged at chromosome and contig-level; (ii) concise visualization of the annotation information such as the predicted genes, results of various prediction programs (RiceHMM, Genscan, Genscan+, Fgenesh, GeneMark, etc.), homology to expressed sequence tag, full-length cDNA and protein; (iii) user-friendly clone / gene query system; (iv) download functions for nucleotide, amino acid and coding sequences; (v) analysis of various features of the genome (GC-content, average value, etc.); and (vi) genome-wide homology search (BLAST) of contig- and chromosome-level genome sequence to allow comparative analysis with the genome sequence of other organisms. As of October 2004, the database contains a total of 215 Mb sequence with relevant annotation results including 30 000 manually curated genes. The database can provide the latest information on manual annotation as well as a comprehensive structural analysis of various features of the rice genome. The database can be accessed at http://rad.dna.affrc.go.jp/

Expression of centromere protein F (CENP-F) associated with higher FDG uptake on PET/CT, detected by cDNA microarray, predicts high-risk patients with primary breast cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Higher standardized uptake value (SUV) detected by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) correlates with proliferation of primary breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to identify specific molecules upregulated in primary breast cancers with a high SUV and to examine their clinical significance.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We compared mRNA expression profiles between 14 tumors with low SUVs and 24 tumors with high SUVs by cDNA microarray. We identified centromere protein F (CENP-F) and CDC6 were upregulated in tumors with high SUVs. RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to validate these data. Clinical implication of CENP-F and CDC6 was examined for 253 archival breast cancers by the tissue microarray.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The relative ratios of CENP-F and CDC6 expression levels to β-actin were confirmed to be significantly higher in high SUV tumors than in low SUV tumors (<it>p </it>= 0.027 and 0.025, respectively) by RT-PCR. In immunohistochemical analysis of 47 node-negative tumors, the CENP-F expression was significantly higher in the high SUV tumors (74%) than the low SUV tumors (45%) (<it>p </it>= 0.04), but membranous and cytoplasmic CDC6 expressions did not significantly differ between both groups (<it>p </it>= 0.9 each). By the tissue microarray, CENP-F (HR = 2.94) as well as tumor size (HR = 4.49), nodal positivity (HR = 4.1), and Ki67 (HR = 2.05) showed independent impact on the patients' prognosis.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>High CENP-F expression, correlated with high SUV, was the prognostic indicators of primary breast cancer. Tumoral SUV levels may serve as a pretherapeutic indicator of aggressiveness of breast cancer.</p