Learning control policies of driverless vehicles from UAV video streams in complex urban environments

© 2019 by the authors. The way we drive, and the transport of today are going through radical changes. Intelligent mobility envisions to improve the e°ciency of traditional transportation through advanced digital technologies, such as robotics, artificial intelligence and Internet of Things. Central to the development of intelligent mobility technology is the emergence of connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) where vehicles are capable of navigating environments autonomously. For this to be achieved, autonomous vehicles must be safe, trusted by passengers, and other drivers. However, it is practically impossible to train autonomous vehicles with all the possible tra°c conditions that they may encounter. The work in this paper presents an alternative solution of using infrastructure to aid CAVs to learn driving policies, specifically for complex junctions, which require local experience and knowledge to handle. The proposal is to learn safe driving policies through data-driven imitation learning of human-driven vehicles at a junction utilizing data captured from surveillance devices about vehicle movements at the junction. The proposed framework is demonstrated by processing video datasets captured from uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) from three intersections around Europe which contain vehicle trajectories. An imitation learning algorithm based on long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network is proposed to learn and predict safe trajectories of vehicles. The proposed framework can be used for many purposes in intelligent mobility, such as augmenting the intelligent control algorithms in driverless vehicles, benchmarking driver behavior for insurance purposes, and for providing insights to city planning

Modelos de Incorporación de los Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales: Aprendizajes Para el Proceso Constituyente en Chile

First paragraph: Introducción: La incorporación del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos en el derecho nacional significa incorporar los estándares legales dispuestos en el derecho internacional e implementarlos a nivel doméstico. Si bien este proceso de incorporación puede tomar muchas formas, este documento intenta presentar algunas maneras mediante las cuales Chile podría incorporar los derechos económicos, sociales, culturales y ambientales (DESCA) en el marco normativo nacional, aprovechando el momento constituyente en que se encuentra. Tradicionalmente, la incorporación se ha entendido como una manera directa de recoger el derecho internacional en el sistema legal nacional a través de la Constitución o mediante legislación nacional. Sin embargo, este documento adopta una visión más amplia y completa de la incorporación, incluyendo una variedad de métodos mediante los cuales se introducen tanto los estándares legales internacionales como los remedios eficaces al marco normativo nacional. Por lo tanto, este documento se centra en los modelos de incorporación por un lado y en los mecanismos de justiciabilidad por el otro

A internação provisória de adolescentes e o Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo: uma abordagem criminológica das decisões publicadas durante a pandemia

The work has as general objective to analyze the content of the decisions published by the Court of Justice of São Paulo on the provisional detention of adolescents in conflict with the law, from a critical criminological approach. Thus, this work intends to answer the following research problem: how did the TJ/SP decide on the provisional internation of adolescents in conflict with the law during the pandemic? It was chosen analyze the content of judgments published in August, as it was the month with the highest number of decisions published on the theme.The method of literature exploration and content analysis were used for the construction of the research. The conclusion shows that the TJ/SP, despite the pandemic, contradicted the legislation and recommendations on the theme, reproduced paternalistic discourses, subverted the exceptionality of hospitalization as a rule, and mitigated the health and freedom of adolescents and, for the most part, extended the term of provisional internation.O trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar o conteúdo das decisões publicadas pelo Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo sobre a internação provisória de adolescentes em conflito com a lei, a partir de uma abordagem criminológica crítica. Assim, este trabalho pretende responder o seguinte problema de pesquisa: como o TJ/SP decidiu sobre a internação provisória de adolescentes em conflito com a lei durante a pandemia? Optou-se pela análise de conteúdo dos acórdãos publicados no mês de agosto de 2020, por ter sido o mês com o maior número de decisões publicadas sobre o tema. O método de exploração de literatura e de análise de conteúdo foram utilizados para a construção da pesquisa. A conclusão aponta que o TJ/SP, apesar da pandemia, contrariou a legislação e as recomendações sobre o tema, reproduziu discursos paternalistas, subverteu a excepcionalidade da internação em regra, e mitigou a saúde e a liberdade de adolescentes ao, majoritariamente, estender o prazo da internação provisória

Changing Climate, Changing Disasters: Pathways Towards Integration

The CSDRM approach responds to the urgent need for organisations to be able to learn, reflect and integrate in better ways in order to remain relevant to their mission and goals. CSDRM is flexible, because you work in unique and complex environments. It helps you evaluate which of the many existing tools and frameworks in DRM, CCA and development are right for you. It develops your ability to identify and form strategic partnerships, and gives you concrete indicators to reflect, review and evaluate your progress. You get greater assurance that your work is supporting the realisation of sustainable development that is climate smart and disaster proof