Transtornos mentais comuns e uso de psicofármacos em mulheres atendidas em unidades básicas de saúde em um centro urbano brasileiro

OBJETIVO: Investigar a prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) em mulheres atendidas em unidades de atenção básica em um centro urbano brasileiro, assim como o impacto desses transtornos sobre a qualidade de vida (QV), a associação de fatores sociodemográficos a TMC e QV e a prevalência de uso e padrão de utilização de psicofármacos na amostra estudada. MÉTODOS: Nesta pesquisa quantitativa, transversal e correlacional-descritiva, uma amostra estratificada de 365 mulheres foi entrevistada entre maio de 2012 e janeiro de 2013 em cinco unidades básicas de saúde brasileiras. Foram utilizados questionários sociodemográfico e farmacoterapêutico; questionário de autorrelato SRQ-20 para estimar a prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns; e escala de qualidade de vida WHOQOL-bref. Para avaliar o impacto dos TMD na QV, foram utilizados o teste t e modelos de regressão linear. Utilizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado para verificar associações entre TMC e variáveis ​​sociodemográficas. A análise do consumo de psicofármacos foi descritiva. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de TMC foi de 44,1% e a de consumo de psicofármacos de 27,1%. Apenas 5,6% das participantes do estudo tinham registro de diagnóstico psiquiátrico no prontuário. Os psicofármacos eram usados por 41,6% das entrevistadas positivas para TMC e 15,7% das negativas para TMC. Não houve associação entre TMC e variáveis sociodemográficas. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre TMC e QV. As mulheres positivas para TMC apresentaram pior QV. Não houve influência de fatores sociodemográficos sobre esse resultado. CONCLUSÕES: Mais atenção é necessária ao padrão de uso e prescrição de psicofármacos na atenção básica. As pacientes com TMC apresentaram prejuízo funcional, evidenciado por escores de QV significativamente menores. A ausência de influência dos fatores sociodemográficos sobre os resultados parece corroborar a proposição de uma origem distinta para TMC em mulheres

Sociodemographic factors and health conditions associated with the resilience of people with chronic diseases: a cross sectional study

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the association between resilience and sociodemographic variables and the health of people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: a cross-sectional observational study performed with 603 people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. A tool to collect socio-demographic and health data and the Resilience Scale developed by Connor and Davidson were applied. A descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed. Results: the study participants had on average 61 years old (SD= 13.2), with a stable union (52.24%), religion (96.7%), retired (49.09%), with primary education (65%) and income up to three minimum wages. Participants with kidney disease showed less resilience than people with diabetes. Conclusion: the type of chronic illness, disease duration, body mass index and religious beliefs influenced the resilience of the study participants

Sociodemographic factors and health conditions associated with the resilience of people with chronic diseases: a cross sectional study

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the association between resilience and sociodemographic variables and the health of people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: a cross-sectional observational study performed with 603 people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. A tool to collect socio-demographic and health data and the Resilience Scale developed by Connor and Davidson were applied. A descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed. Results: the study participants had on average 61 years old (SD= 13.2), with a stable union (52.24%), religion (96.7%), retired (49.09%), with primary education (65%) and income up to three minimum wages. Participants with kidney disease showed less resilience than people with diabetes. Conclusion: the type of chronic illness, disease duration, body mass index and religious beliefs influenced the resilience of the study participants

Systematic Review of Gender- dependent outcomes in sepsis

Background: Men and women appear to exhibit different susceptibilities to sepsis and possibly divergent outcomes. However, the effect of sex and gender in critical illness outcomes is still controversial and the underlying mechanisms appear to be complex. Objectives: We aimed to systematically review and synthesize evidence on the influence of sex on outcomes in critically ill adult patients with sepsis, as reported in published studies specifically including investigation of the effect of sex among their aims. Primary outcome measures include in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) mortality and length of stay (LOS) in the ICU. Search strategy: The review was based on focused literature searches (CINAHL, PUBMED, EMBASE and COCHRANE). Methodological quality was assessed through the STROBE checklist and the Cochrane Tool for Bias in Cohort Studies. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA. Published observational studies addressing outcomes of sepsis among their primary aims and having included gender comparisons among primary outcomes in critically ill adult patients were included. Results: A total of eight eligible studies were included. With the exception of mortality, it was not possible to perform meta-analysis for other outcomes. Included studies reported data on 25,619 patients with sepsis (14309 male/11310 female). There is a paucity of well-designed studies addressing the effect of sex on mortality among patients with sepsis, and absence of studies addressing the effects of sex on multiple organ dysfunction of non-infectious origin. There was significant heterogeneity among study estimates (p=0·001; I2=78·1%). Conclusions: Although results of data syntheses appear to point towards a small disadvantage for survival among women, our results suggest that data on the impact of sex on sepsis outcomes remain equivocal. Implications for future research include approaches to adjustment for confounders and prospective designs. Relevance to clinical practice: Clarifying sex-related differences in sepsis, if any, is crucial for informing evidence-based care

Systematic Review of Gender- dependent outcomes in sepsis

Background: Men and women appear to exhibit different susceptibilities to sepsis and possibly divergent outcomes. However, the effect of sex and gender in critical illness outcomes is still controversial and the underlying mechanisms appear to be complex. Objectives: We aimed to systematically review and synthesize evidence on the influence of sex on outcomes in critically ill adult patients with sepsis, as reported in published studies specifically including investigation of the effect of sex among their aims. Primary outcome measures include in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) mortality and length of stay (LOS) in the ICU. Search strategy: The review was based on focused literature searches (CINAHL, PUBMED, EMBASE and COCHRANE). Methodological quality was assessed through the STROBE checklist and the Cochrane Tool for Bias in Cohort Studies. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA. Published observational studies addressing outcomes of sepsis among their primary aims and having included gender comparisons among primary outcomes in critically ill adult patients were included. Results: A total of eight eligible studies were included. With the exception of mortality, it was not possible to perform meta-analysis for other outcomes. Included studies reported data on 25,619 patients with sepsis (14309 male/11310 female). There is a paucity of well-designed studies addressing the effect of sex on mortality among patients with sepsis, and absence of studies addressing the effects of sex on multiple organ dysfunction of non-infectious origin. There was significant heterogeneity among study estimates (p=0·001; I2=78·1%). Conclusions: Although results of data syntheses appear to point towards a small disadvantage for survival among women, our results suggest that data on the impact of sex on sepsis outcomes remain equivocal. Implications for future research include approaches to adjustment for confounders and prospective designs. Relevance to clinical practice: Clarifying sex-related differences in sepsis, if any, is crucial for informing evidence-based care

Prevalência do uso de psicotrópicos e fatores associados na atenção primária à saúde

Objetivo Investigar a prevalência de uso de psicotrópicos e fatores associados na atenção primária à saúde com fatores sociodemográficos, farmacoterapêuticos, histórico de saúde e Transtornos Mentais Comuns.Método Estudo transversal que incluiu 430 pacientes de atenção primária à saúde. O instrumento de pesquisa foi o Self-reporting Questionnaire e prontuários. Para análise, utilizou-se teste qui-quadrado na análise univariada e regressão logística na multivariada.Resultados A prevalência de uso de psicotrópicos foi de 25,8%. Houve associação entre uso de psicofármacos e transtornos mentais comuns, uso de medicamentos não psicofármacos, número de medicamentos prescritos, número de comprimidos/dia, patologias clínicas, idade e escolaridade. Na análise multivariada os preditores para uso de psicofármacos foram: transtornos mentais comuns, patologias clínicas e escolaridade.Conclusão A prevalência de uso de psicofármacos e os fatores associados variaram conforme a análise uni ou multivariada

MORTALIDADE POR CÂNCER DE COLO UTERINO, 1996-2011, SANTA CATARINA, BRASIL

Estudio cuantitativo de base poplacional. Los autores tienen como objectivo examinar las influencias de la región, la edad y el tiempo en la mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino. Las tasas de mortalidad que ocurrieron en el Estado de Santa Catarina, entre 1996 y 2011 fueron analizados. Los datos fueron obtenidos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad del Ministerio de Salud, Brasil, en el año 2013. El analisis de los datos fue realizada fundamentada en la epidemiologia descritiva. Las tasas de mortalidad por cáncer de cuello uterino variaron desde 3,6 hasta 5,0 / 100.000 mujeres. Estas tasas aumentaron en los grupos de mayor edad y presentaron los valores más altos después de 70 años. La conciencia de la mujer acerca de la importancia del la prueba de Papanicolaou en sus evaluaciones de salud, puede ser diferente según la edad y las regiones en las que viven. La frecuencia de la prueba de Papanicolaou debe cambiar mediante la observación de la evolución de las tasas de mortalidad en el tiempo