A relational account of the emergence of New Hollywood

This dissertation studies the social and symbolic networks that underlie the emergence of cultural forms using the case of New Hollywood—one of global cinema's most influential movements. Using a unique data set on film collaborations and cinematic references of more than 17,000 filmmakers retrieved from the Internet Movie Database (IMDb), I examine how New Hollywood filmmakers established an artistic vision of filmmaking and transformed one of the largest film industries in the world. This vision defined the individual filmmaker—the auteur—as the unique creator of films and challenged Hollywood's dominant collective and commercial notion at that time. Sociologists often emphasize the importance of collaborative ties that facilitate community cohesion. New Hollywood filmmakers, however, shared the vision of auteurism that emphasizes the individual rather than the collective as the driving force behind filmmaking. This dissertation examines how filmmakers resolved this tension between group cohesion and individualistic ideals. I analyze the long-term changes in filmmakers' collaboration and reference networks, where ties stem from participation in joint film projects, respectively, cinematic references to revered films. Blending research on the interplay between culture and networks and institution-focused accounts of art world emergence, I provide a relational account of Hollywood's artistic transformation

Analyse stummer Dialoge von Schülerinnen und Schülern der gymnasialen Oberstufe zum Trägheitsgesetz

Große Vergleichsstudien wie PISA oder TIMMS bedienen sich des Multiple-Choice-Verfahrens, um den teilnehmenden Probanden die zur Auswahl stehenden Antwortmöglichkeiten darzubieten. Welche Vorstellungen aber liegen der vor Abgabe einer Antwort notwendigerweise zu treffenden Entscheidung zugrunde? Im Rahmen einer Examensarbeit wird dieser Fragestellung anhand der Analyse stummer Dialoge von Lernenden der elften Jahrgangsstufe zur bekannten PISA-Aufgabe „Der Busfahrer Rolf“ nachgegangen.Die zweistufige Instruktion der explorativen Studie umfasst ein Statement und einen nachfolgen­den stummen Dialog der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Die Ergebnisse zeigen aufgaben­spezifische, individuell höchst unterschiedliche Schülervorstellungen zur Trägheit. Darüber hin­aus verdeutlichen sie den Mehrwert einer zweistufigen Instruktion des stummen Dialogs nicht nur als Teil des Testinstruments, sondern ausblickend auch für Unterricht

Analyse stummer Dialoge von Schülerinnen und Schülern der gymnasialen Oberstufe zum Trägheitsgesetz

Große Vergleichsstudien wie PISA oder TIMMS bedienen sich des Multiple-Choice-Verfahrens, um den teilnehmenden Probanden die zur Auswahl stehenden Antwortmöglichkeiten darzubieten. Welche Vorstellungen aber liegen der vor Abgabe einer Antwort notwendigerweise zu treffenden Entscheidung zugrunde? Im Rahmen einer Examensarbeit wird dieser Fragestellung anhand der Analyse stummer Dialoge von Lernenden der elften Jahrgangsstufe zur bekannten PISA-Aufgabe „Der Busfahrer Rolf“ nachgegangen.Die zweistufige Instruktion der explorativen Studie umfasst ein Statement und einen nachfolgen­den stummen Dialog der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Die Ergebnisse zeigen aufgaben­spezifische, individuell höchst unterschiedliche Schülervorstellungen zur Trägheit. Darüber hin­aus verdeutlichen sie den Mehrwert einer zweistufigen Instruktion des stummen Dialogs nicht nur als Teil des Testinstruments, sondern ausblickend auch für Unterricht

Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients With Malignancy and Takotsubo Syndrome: Observations From the International Takotsubo Registry

BackgroundClinical characteristics and outcomes of takotsubo syndrome (TTS) patients with malignancy have not been fully elucidated. This study sought to explore differences in clinical characteristics and to investigate short‐ and long‐term outcomes in TTS patients with or without malignancy.Methods and ResultsTTS patients were enrolled from the International Takotsubo Registry. The TTS cohort was divided into patients with and without malignancy to investigate differences in clinical characteristics and to assess short‐ and long‐term mortality. A subanalysis was performed comparing long‐term mortality between a subset of TTS patients with or without malignancy and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with or without malignancy. Malignancy was observed in 16.6% of 1604 TTS patients. Patients with malignancy were older and more likely to have physical triggers, but less likely to have emotional triggers compared with those without malignancy. Long‐term mortality was higher in patients with malignancy (PP=0.17). In a subanalysis, long‐term mortality was comparable between TTS patients with malignancies and ACS patients with malignancies (P=0.13). Malignancy emerged as an independent predictor of long‐term mortality.ConclusionsA substantial number of TTS patients show an association with malignancy. History of malignancy might increase the risk for TTS, and therefore, appropriate screening for malignancy should be considered in these patients.</p

The Crowdsourced Replication Initiative: Investigating Immigration and Social Policy Preferences. Executive Report.

In an era of mass migration, social scientists, populist parties and social movements raise concerns over the future of immigration-destination societies. What impacts does this have on policy and social solidarity? Comparative cross-national research, relying mostly on secondary data, has findings in different directions. There is a threat of selective model reporting and lack of replicability. The heterogeneity of countries obscures attempts to clearly define data-generating models. P-hacking and HARKing lurk among standard research practices in this area.This project employs crowdsourcing to address these issues. It draws on replication, deliberation, meta-analysis and harnessing the power of many minds at once. The Crowdsourced Replication Initiative carries two main goals, (a) to better investigate the linkage between immigration and social policy preferences across countries, and (b) to develop crowdsourcing as a social science method. The Executive Report provides short reviews of the area of social policy preferences and immigration, and the methods and impetus behind crowdsourcing plus a description of the entire project. Three main areas of findings will appear in three papers, that are registered as PAPs or in process

Looking at Creative ML Blindspots with a Sociological Lens

How can researchers from the creative ML/AI community and sociology of culture engage in fruitful collaboration? How do researchers from both fields think (differently) about creativity and the production of creative work? While the ML community considers creativity as a matter of technical expertise and acumen, social scientists have emphasized the role of embeddedness in cultural production. This perspective aims to bridge both disciplines and proposes a conceptual and methodological toolkit for collaboration. We provide a systematic review of recent research in both fields and offer three perspectives around which to structure interdisciplinary research on cultural production: people, processes, and products. We thereby provide necessary grounding work to support multidisciplinary researchers to navigate conceptual and methodological hurdles in their collaboration. Our research will be of interest to ML researchers and sociologists interested in creativity that aim to conduct innovative research by bridging both fields

Outcomes Associated With Cardiogenic Shock in Takotsubo Syndrome: Results From the International Takotsubo Registry

The clinical course of takotsubo syndrome (TTS) can be complicated by several life-threatening conditions. In particular, cardiogenic shock (CS) represents one of the leading causes of mortality in the acute phase and occurs in a considerable number of patients with TTS, with an incidence of ≈10%. At present, no established guidelines are available to support specific treatment recommendations,and the conventional therapy for CS leads to uncertain results in TTS cases. The International Takotsubo Registry (www.takotsubo-registry.com) is an observational, prospective, and retrospective registry established at the University Hospital Zurich in 2011, with the largest TTS database worldwide. Patients were included in the registry between 2011 and 2017 based on modified Mayo Clinic Diagnostic criteria. Hospitalization data were recorded through standardized forms on admission or during revision of clinical charts; follow-up data were obtained from medical records, telephone follow-up, or clinical visits. The study population was categorized into 2 groups: patients with TTS with and without CS. The study protocol was reviewed by the respective local ethics committees or investigational review boards at each collaboration site. Where informed consent was required, formal written consent was obtained from patients