Service Learning- It’s Elementary! Teacher initiated service learning at an independent school

Service learning involves specific and intentional academic and learning goals that are achieved through service to a community and reflection. Often the responsibility for ensuring that service learning in schools is meaningful and successful falls to teacher leaders with little specific training on organizing such efforts. This research inquiry examined the experiences of nontraditional teacher leaders and the choices they made while designing and implementing service learning projects for their elementary students. This research also examined the setting and structures that were in place to facilitate these service learning initiatives. Data analysis found the themes of ties to the curriculum, ownership and connection, and students “shouldering the weight” to be instrumental

The extension problem in free harmonic analysis

This paper studies of certain aspects of harmonic analysis on the rank two free group. We focus on the concept of a positive definite function on the free group and our primary goal is to understand how such functions can be extended from balls of finite radius to the entire group. More specifically, we define a concept of `relative energy' which measures the proximity between a pair of positive definite functions, and we ask whether a family of positive definite functions on a finite ball can be extended to the entire group with control on their relative energies. We find that the answer to this question depends on the configuration of relative energies that we seek to control, and that it has deep connections with classical harmonic analysis and with the recent refutation of Connes' embedding conjecture.Comment: This paper is a significantly expanded version of arXiv:1912.12365 that reflects the refutation of Connes' embedding conjecture in arXiv:2001.0438

Reasons for home educating in Australia: Who and why?

Home education is a legal educational option in Australia that continues to rise in popularity. This paper summarises the demographics and influences upon the decision to home educate of 385 home education families from Australia, representing 676 children who were home educated at the time of questionnaire completion. The research suggests female caregivers with higher levels of educational achievement than the general population predominantly coordinate home education. Some families eschewed mainstream education for philosophical reasons whilst others home educated due to perceived necessity. However, characteristic of both groups was the belief that the current education system was unable to provide a learning environment that would meet the educational and psychosocial needs of their children. This was not specific to a particular population of students but included those who were gifted children, or those who had a mental health or neurodevelopmental disorder such as autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disabilities, intellectual disability and/or impairment in vision and hearing. This has clear implications for policy and resourcing, including in-service teacher training. It also raises questions in relation to the provision of funding for families who home educate their children

Exploring the provision and support of care for long-term conditions in dementia: A qualitative study combining interviews and document analysis

Background: The challenge of managing multiple long-term conditions is a prevalent issue for people with dementia and those who support their care. The presence of dementia complicates healthcare delivery and the development of personalised care plans, as health systems and clinical guidelines are often designed around single condition services. Objective: This study aimed to explore how care for long-term conditions is provided and supported for people with dementia in the community. Methods: In a qualitative, case study design, consecutive telephone or video-call interviews were conducted with people with dementia, their family carers and healthcare providers over a four-month period. Participant accounts were triangulated with documentary analysis of primary care medical records and event-based diaries kept by participants with dementia. Thematic analysis was used to develop across-group themes. Findings: Six main themes were identified from eight case studies: 1) Balancing support and independence, 2) Implementing and adapting advice for dementia contexts, 3) Prioritising physical, cognitive and mental health needs, 4) Competing and entwined needs and priorities, 5) Curating supportive professional networks, 6) Family carer support and coping. Discussion: These findings reflect the dynamic nature of dementia care which requires the adaptation of support in response to changing need. We witnessed the daily realities for families of implementing care recommendations in the community, which were often adapted for the contexts of family carers’ priorities for care of the person living with dementia and what they were able to provide. Realistic self-management plans which are deliverable in practice must consider the intersection of physical, cognitive and mental health needs and priorities, and family carers needs and resources

Is use of optional attributes and associations in conceptual modeling always problematic? Theory and empirical tests

Prior research has argued that use of optional properties in conceptual models results in loss of information about the semantics of the domains represented by the models. Empirical research undertaken to date supports this argument. Nevertheless, no systematic analysis has been done of whether use of optional properties is always problematic. Furthermore, prior empirical research might have deliberately or unwittingly employed models where use of optionality always causes problems. Accordingly, we examine analytically whether use of optional properties is always problematic. We employ our analytical results to inform the design of an experiment where we systematically examined the impact of optionality on users’ ability to understand domains represented by different types of conceptual models. We found evidence that use of optionality undermines users’ ability to understand the domain represented by a model but that this effect weakens when use of mandatory properties to replace optional properties leads to more-complex models

The Carina Nebula and Gum 31 molecular complex: II. The distribution of the atomic gas revealed in unprecedented detail

We report high spatial resolution observations of the HI 21cm line in the Carina Nebula and the Gum 31 region obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. The observations covered $\sim$ 12 deg$^2$ centred on $l= 287.5\deg,b = -1\deg$, achieving an angular resolution of $\sim$ 35 arcseconds. The HI map revealed complex filamentary structures across a wide range of velocities. Several "bubbles" are clearly identified in the Carina Nebula Complex, produced by the impact of the massive star clusters located in this region. An HI absorption profile obtained towards the strong extragalactic radio source PMN J1032--5917 showed the distribution of the cold component of the atomic gas along the Galactic disk, with the Sagittarius-Carina and Perseus spiral arms clearly distinguishable. Preliminary calculations of the optical depth and spin temperatures of the cold atomic gas show that the HI line is opaque ($\tau \gtrsim$ 2) at several velocities in the Sagittarius-Carina spiral arm. The spin temperature is $\sim100$ K in the regions with the highest optical depth, although this value might be lower for the saturated components. The atomic mass budget of Gum 31 is $\sim35 \%$ of the total gas mass. HI self absorption features have molecular counterparts and good spatial correlation with the regions of cold dust as traced by the infrared maps. We suggest that in Gum 31 regions of cold temperature and high density are where the atomic to molecular gas phase transition is likely to be occurring.Comment: 20 pages, 1 table, 16 Figures, Accepted for Publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journa

From Pygmies to Puppets: What To Do with Roald Dahl’s Enslaved Oompa-Loompas in Modern Adaptations?

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, like all of Roald Dahl’s novels for children, celebrates courage, resilience, and the creative power of childhood. Charlie Bucket is literally starving to death by the time he arrives at Willy Wonka’s factory. Yet his steely determination to find the last golden ticket, combined with his strong moral compass, sees him emerge as Wonka’s heir, his family’s hero, and the architect of his fate. But there is a troubling aspect to this story. In the first edition of Charlie (1964), the Oompa-Loompas are black pygmies who Wonka imports from “the deepest darkest part of the African jungle” and enslaves in his factory. In this latest stage production, the Oompa-Loompas are transformed into “humanettes” (living dolls that are part human, part puppet). Their recent manifestation raises a number of questions. What do the Oompa-Loompas represent? And how should they be portrayed in modern-day adaptations