39 research outputs found
Metastatic renal cell carconima to the thyroid 23 years after nephrectomy
Thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon form of human cancer, with an outstanding overall cure rate. This excellent prognosis is based on the fact that well over 99% of thyroid cancers are primary tumors. Metastatic cancer to the thyroid remains very rare. We report a case of clear cell renal carcinoma metastatic to the thyroid gland 23 years after nephrectomy
Metastatic renal cell carconima to the thyroid 23 years after nephrectomy
Thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon form of human cancer, with an outstanding overall cure rate. This excellent prognosis is based on the fact that well over 99% of thyroid cancers are primary tumors. Metastatic cancer to the thyroid remains very rare. We report a case of clear cell renal carcinoma metastatic to the thyroid gland 23 years after nephrectomy
Comparison of the Efficiency of Two Taping Techniques in Reducing Thoracic Kyphosis among Girls Aged 18-30 Years
Background: Kyphosis means an abnormal increase in the curvature of the
thoracic region of the vertebral column and refers to a situation where the
thoracic kyphosis range is more than forty five degrees. Vertebral column taping
seems to be one of the most effective ways of treating kyphosis. The aim of this
study was to investigate and compare the effect of two taping techniques in
reducing the degree of kyphosis in girls aged 18-30 years.
Methods: Thirty-two volunteers were randomly assigned into two groups
(n=19 per group) of V–shaped tape and I-shaped tape. Taping techniques were
performed as follows by applying 50% tensile force: V–shaped tape: The tape
started on both sides of the anterior of acromioclavicular joint and extended to
the spinous process of T6 vertebra. I–shaped tape: The patient’s body was kept in
a standing and straight state and then a longitudinal tape was applied from T1 to
the deepest lumbar lordosis region. The measurements were carried out before,
immediately, 24, and 48 hours after taping by a flexible ruler in a similar manner.
Data analysis was performed using Friedman Test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test,
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney Test.
Results: The results of this study showed a significant reduction in the degree
of kyphosis in the case of the V-shaped tape 48 hours after taping. However, the
degree of kyphosis decreased after 24 h (P=0.001) and 48 hours (P< 0001) in the
I-shaped tape group. In addition, there was no significant difference between
the two interventions in terms of decreasing the degree of kyphosis at any time
interval except for 24 hours (P=0.043).
Conclusion: Taping reduces the degree of kyphosis by creating mechanical
support, creating proprioceptive feedback, affecting the proprioception,
improving the function of spinal erectors, and improving the mental image of
the body with kyphosis. It appears that the I-shaped tape positioning on the
alignment of spinal erectors spine makes it more effective
implications for health and disease
Many aspects of human physiology and behavior display rhythmicity with a
period of approximately 24 h. Rhythmic changes are controlled by an endogenous
time keeper, the circadian clock, and include sleep-wake cycles, physical and
mental performance capability, blood pressure, and body temperature.
Consequently, many diseases, such as metabolic, sleep, autoimmune and mental
disorders and cancer, are connected to the circadian rhythm. The development
of therapies that take circadian biology into account is thus a promising
strategy to improve treatments of diverse disorders, ranging from allergic
syndromes to cancer. Circadian alteration of body functions and behavior are,
at the molecular level, controlled and mediated by widespread changes in gene
expression that happen in anticipation of predictably changing requirements
during the day. At the core of the molecular clockwork is a well-studied
transcription-translation negative feedback loop. However, evidence is
emerging that additional post-transcriptional, RNA-based mechanisms are
required to maintain proper clock function. Here, we will discuss recent work
implicating regulated mRNA stability, translation and alternative splicing in
the control of the mammalian circadian clock, and its role in health and
disease
miR-638 mediated regulation of BRCA1 affects DNA repair and sensitivity to UV and cisplatin in triple negative breast cancer
Introduction
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents 15 to 20% of all types of breast cancer; however, it accounts for a large number of metastatic cases and deaths, and there is still no effective treatment. The deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in breast cancer has been widely reported. We previously identified that miR-638 was one of the most deregulated miRNAs in breast cancer progression. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that miR-638 directly targets BRCA1. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-638 in breast cancer prognosis and treatment. Methods
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast cancer samples were microdissected into normal epithelial and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) cells, and total RNA was isolated. Several breast cancer cell lines were used for the functional analysis. miR-638 target genes were identified by TARGETSCAN-VERT 6.2 and miRanda. The expression of miR-638 and its target genes was analyzed by real-time qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to confirm the specificity of miR-638 target genes. The biological function of miR-638 was analyzed by MTT chemosensitivity, matrigel invasion and host cell reactivation assays. Results
The expression of miR-638 was decreased in IDC tissue samples compared to their adjacent normal controls. The decreased miR-638 expression was more prevalent in non-TNBC compared with TNBC cases. miR-638 expression was significantly downregulated in breast cancer cell lines compared to the immortalized MCF-10A epithelial cells. BRCA1 was predicted as one of the direct targets of miR-638, which was subsequently confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Forced expression of miR-638 resulted in a significantly reduced proliferation rate as well as decreased invasive ability in TNBC cells. Furthermore, miR-638 overexpression increased sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, ultraviolet (UV) and cisplatin, but not to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and epirubicin exposure in TNBC cells. Host cell reactivation assays showed that miR-638 reduced DNA repair capability in post UV/cisplatin-exposed TNBC cells. The reduced proliferation, invasive ability, and DNA repair capabilities are associated with downregulated BRCA1 expression. Conclusions
Our findings suggest that miR-638 plays an important role in TNBC progression via BRCA1deregulation. Therefore, miR-638 might serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer
miR-671-5p inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by downregulating FOXM1 expression in breast cancer.
MicroRNA (miRNA) dysfunction is associated with a variety of human diseases, including cancer. Our previous study showed that miR-671-5p was deregulated throughout breast cancer progression. Here, we report for the first time that miR-671-5p is a tumor-suppressor miRNA in breast tumorigenesis. We found that expression of miR-671-5p was decreased significantly in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) compared to normal in microdissected formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1), an oncogenic transcription factor, was predicted as one of the direct targets of miR-671-5p, which was subsequently confirmed by luciferase assays. Forced expression of miR-671-5p in breast cancer cell lines downregulated FOXM1 expression, and attenuated the proliferation and invasion in breast cancer cell lines. Notably, overexpression of miR-671-5p resulted in a shift from epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) phenotypes in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and induced S-phase arrest. Moreover, miR-671-5p sensitized breast cancer cells to cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and epirubicin exposure. Host cell reactivation (HCR) assays showed that miR-671-5p reduces DNA repair capability in post-drug exposed breast cancer cells. cDNA microarray data revealed that differentially expressed genes when miR-671-5p was transfected are associated with cell proliferation, invasion, cell cycle, and EMT. These data indicate that miR-671-5p functions as a tumor suppressor miRNA in breast cancer by directly targeting FOXM1. Hence, miR-671-5p may serve as a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer management
Serum Glutamate Levels Correlate with Gleason Score and Glutamate Blockade Decreases Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion and Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells
During glutaminolysis, glutamine is catabolized to glutamate and incorporated into citric acid cycle and lipogenesis. Serum glutamate levels were measured in patients with primary prostate cancer (PCa) or metastatic castrate-resistant PCa (mCRPCa) to establish clinical relevance. The effect of glutamate-deprivation or blockade by metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (GRM1)-antagonists was investigated on PCa cells’ growth, migration, and invasion to establish biological relevance