Regionalização dos testes de Valor de Cultivo e Uso e da indicação de cultivares de soja - terceira Aproximação.

Marcos de referência. Proposta inicial. Revisões do modelo. Segunda Aproximação. Terceira Aproximação.bitstream/item/54939/1/Doc-330-OL1.pd

Single-Cell (Meta-)Genomics of a Dimorphic Candidatus Thiomargarita nelsonii Reveals Genomic Plasticity

The genus Thiomargarita includes the world's largest bacteria. But as uncultured organisms, their physiology, metabolism, and basis for their gigantism are not well understood. Thus, a genomics approach, applied to a single Candidatus Thiomargarita nelsonii cell was employed to explore the genetic potential of one of these enigmatic giant bacteria. The Thiomargarita cell was obtained from an assemblage of budding Ca. T. nelsonii attached to a provannid gastropod shell from Hydrate Ridge, a methane seep offshore of Oregon, USA. Here we present a manually curated genome of Bud S10 resulting from a hybrid assembly of long Pacific Biosciences and short Illumina sequencing reads. With respect to inorganic carbon fixation and sulfur oxidation pathways, the Ca. T nelsonii Hydrate Ridge Bud S10 genome was similar to marine sister taxa within the family Beggiatoaceae. However, the Bud S10 genome contains genes suggestive of the genetic potential for lithotrophic growth on arsenite and perhaps hydrogen. The genome also revealed that Bud 510 likely respires nitrate via two pathways: a complete denitrification pathway and a dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia pathway. Both pathways have been predicted, but not previously fully elucidated, in the genomes of other large, vacuolated, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Surprisingly, the genome also had a high number of unusual features for a bacterium to include the largest number of metacaspases and introns ever reported in a bacterium. Also present, are a large number of other mobile genetic elements, such as insertion sequence (IS) transposable elements and miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs). In some cases, mobile genetic elements disrupted key genes in metabolic pathways. For example, a MITE interrupts hupL, which encodes the large subunit of the hydrogenase in hydrogen oxidation. Moreover, we detected a group I intron in one of the most critical genes in the sulfur oxidation pathway, dsrA. The dsrA group I intron also carried a MITE sequence that, like the hupL MITE family, occurs broadly across the genome. The presence of a high degree of mobile elements in genes central to Thiomargarita's core metabolism has not been previously reported in free-living bacteria and suggests a highly mutable genome

A Systematic Analysis of Temporal Trends in the Handgrip Strength of 2,216,320 Children and Adolescents Between 1967 and 2017

Objective: To estimate national and international temporal trends in handgrip strength for children and adolescents, and to examine relationships between trends in handgrip strength and trends in health-related and sociodemographic indicators. Methods: Data were obtained through a systematic search of studies reporting temporal trends in the handgrip strength for apparently healthy 9–17 year-olds, and by examining large national fitness datasets. Temporal trends at the country-sex-age level were estimated by sample-weighted regression models relating the year of testing to mean handgrip strength. International and national trends were estimated by a post-stratified population-weighting procedure. Pearson’s correlations quantified relationships between trends in handgrip strength and trends in health-related/sociodemographic indicators. Results: 2,216,320 children and adolescents from 13 high-, 5 upper-middle-, and 1 low-income countries/special administrative regions between 1967 and 2017 collectively showed a moderate improvement of 19.4% (95%CI: 18.4 to 20.4) or 3.8% per decade (95%CI: 3.6 to 4.0). The international rate of improvement progressively increased over time, with more recent values (post-2000) close to two times larger than those from the 1960s/1970s. Improvements were larger for children (9–12 years) compared to adolescents (13–17 years), and similar for boys and girls. Trends differed between countries, with relationships between trends in handgrip strength and trends in health-related/sociodemographic indicators negligible-to-weak and not statistically significant. Conclusions: There has been a substantial improvement in absolute handgrip strength for children and adolescents since 1967. There is a need for improved international surveillance of handgrip strength, especially in low- and middle-income countries, to more confidently determine true international trends. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42013003657

Nocardia macrotermitis sp. nov. and Nocardia aurantia sp. nov., isolated from the gut of the fungus-growing termite Macrotermes natalensis

The taxonomic positions of two novel aerobic, Gram-stain-positive Actinobacteria, designated RB20$^{T}$ and RB56$^{T}$, were determined using a polyphasic approach. Both were isolated from the fungus-farming termite Macrotermes natalensis. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that both strains are members of the genus Nocardia with the closest phylogenetic neighbours Nocardia miyunensis JCM12860$^{T}$ (98.9 %) and Nocardia nova DSM44481$^{T}$ (98.5 %) for RB20$^{T}$ and Nocardia takedensis DSM 44801$^{T}$ (98.3 %), Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis DSM 44290$^{T}$ (98.3 %) and Nocardia rayongensis JCM 19832$^{T}$ (98.2 %) for RB56$^{T}$. Digital DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) between RB20$^{T}$ and N. miyunensis JCM12860$^{T}$ and N. nova DSM 44481$^{T}$ resulted in similarity values of 33.9 and 22.0 %, respectively. DDH between RB56$^{T}$ and N. takedensis DSM44801$^{T}$ and N. pseudobrasiliensis DSM44290$^{T}$ showed similarity values of 20.7 and 22.3 %, respectively. In addition, wet-lab DDH between RB56$^{T}$ and N. rayongensis JCM19832$^{T}$ resulted in 10.2 % (14.5 %) similarity. Both strains showed morphological and chemotaxonomic features typical for the genus Nocardia , such as the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid (A$_{2}$pm) within the cell wall, arabinose and galactose as major sugar components within whole cell-wall hydrolysates, the presence of mycolic acids and major phospholipids (diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol), and the predominant menaquinone MK-8 (H4, ω-cyclo). The main fatty acids for both strains were hexadecanoic acid (C$_{16 : 0}$), 10-methyloctadecanoic acid (10-methyl C$_{18 : 0}$) and cis-9-octadecenoic acid (C$_{18 : 1}$ ω9c). We propose two novel species within the genus Nocardia : Nocardia macrotermitis sp. nov. with the type strain RB20$^{T}$ (=VKM Ac-2841$^{T}$=NRRL B65541$^{T}$) and Nocardia aurantia sp. nov. with the type strain RB56$^{T}$ (=VKM Ac-2842$^{T}$=NRRL B65542$^{T}$)

Identifying Elements of \u3cem\u3eKinder- und Jugendliteratur\u3c/em\u3e

Kinder- und Jugendliteratur, children’s literature written for the purpose of teaching or entertaining young people, has been present in German literature since the Middle Ages. This genre has changed as German literature progressed, reflecting the developments of each era, including such periods as the Romantic, the Biedermeier, Realism, Modernism and Postmodernism. As such, we examined individual works of German Kinder- und Jugendliteratur for the purpose of identifying distinctive features which situate them within children’s literature as well as in the respective historical genre. The works examined were Nußknacker und Mausekönig (1816) by E. T. A. Hoffmann, Emil und die Detektive (1929) by Erich Kästner, Försters Pucki (1935) by Madge Trott, Jan und das Wildpferd (1957) by Heinrich Denneborg, Die Wolke (1987) by Gudrun Pausewang, and Tintenherz (2003) by Cornelia Funke. We present our findings in the form of a Wimmelbuch, a typical form of German Kinder- und Jugendliteratur made popular during the Biedermeier period of the mid-1800s

Desenvolvimento de cultivares de soja com tolerância à deficiência hídrica.

Caracterização dos ambientes. Caracterização genética. Estratégias de melhoramento. Lançamento comercial de cultivares tolerantes à seca