Universiti berprestasi tinggi / Prof. Emeritus Datuk Ir. Dr. Mohd Azraai Kassim

Perhimpunan dwibulanan Naib Canselor bersama warg

Copper in water, sediment and strombus canarium at south western coast of Peninsular Malaysia

Cu concentration was determined in water, sediment and soft tissue of deposit feeder Strombus canarium collected from two sites at western coast of Johor Straits, Malaysia. The sites are located at Tanjung Bin and the seagrass bed near Tanjung Kupang. The study found higher concentration in Strombus canarium from seagrass bed than those in Tanjung Bin which were 7.02 and 3.71 μg/g respectively. Smaller concentration in Strombus canarium from Tanjung Bin is due to less Cu accumulation from its surrounding. However, the concentrations were within the permissible limit of Malaysian Food Standard. The concentration of Cu in water at both sites exceeded the Malaysia Marine Water Quality Criteria and Standard for Class E, whereas sediment is classified as moderately polluted based on the proposed quality by Environmental Protection Agency

Performance evaluation of POME treatment plants

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)'s nutrient composition and its ensuing removal from the wastewater is rarely reported in contrast with organics removal. Thus, the efficiency of several Industrial Effluent Treatment Systems (IETS) in nutrient removal are studied. Many laboratory- and full-scale studies have been constructed to examine the effectiveness of nutrient removal with a single technology. Therefore, this paper observed their efficiency after several unit processes were combined to perform, which generally occurred in the full-scale IETS. Total Nitrogen (T-N), Ammoniacal Nitrogen (A-N), and Total Phosphorus (T-P) were nutrient parameters investigated. IETS-3 with highest nutrient removal efficiency were 92.5% T-N, 94.5% A-N, and 93.5% T-P, which highlighted positive combination of ponding system, anaerobic digesters and extended aeration coupled with fixed packing in activated sludge aeration tank. Removal of biological nutrients need to move forwards with cradle-to-cradle waste management methodologies, which focus on sustainable recovery of essential nutrients via operative technologies

Development of a civil engineering curriculum and its impact on the quality of civil engineers

The practice of civil engineering is continually changing due to a number of external and internal factors. Hence, institutions offering civil engineering courses must continuously update and develop their curricula in order to respond to these new developments. This paper highlights the need for civil engineering curriculum to be continuously updated, presents some of the important changes in UTM's civil engineering curriculum and its impacts on the quality of future civil engineers

A Study On Variations In Sewerage Construction Projects

Variations in construction have long been a debatable issue among the different participants involved in construction projects. However, only a few formal studies have been carried out to analyse its causes and effects. This study is focused on the frequency and severity of various factors causing variations in sewerage networks construction projects. It is important for a company not only to know the variation costs, but also to identify the most likely areas on which to focus in order to reduce these costs for the future projects. All the necessary data and information are obtained from archival files of thirteen projects and verified through interviews. These data are categorised to analyse the frequency and severity of factors. Tables and charts are presented to show the research findings. From the analysis, differing site conditions appear to be the major factors contributing to variations. They average 49.3% of the total number of variations, 56.2% of the total variation costs and 3.8% of the total project costs. Two project characteristics i.e. contract award value and the contractor’s registration grade with the Construction Industry Development Board (which represents the contractor’s specialisation, financial and other resources standing) [1] show certain causal relationships with variations

How to reduce wastes and save materials

Wastes either liquid or solid, are inevitable products of most of man's activities, whether urban or rural. Their type, amount and composition varies with the type of activity, be they domestic, industrial or agricultural in nature. Take the case of solid wastes. The waste that comes from agricultural, domestic, commercial, industrial as well as construction activities are composed of a wide variety of materials such as food wastes, construction wastes, papers, plastics, metals, garden wastes, factory offsets and process wastes, medical wastes and other discarded and residual items. Components that typically make up solid wastes in some cities in Malaysia are given in Table 1. The volume of wastes generated in major cities of Malaysia has also increased over the years due to increase in population, socioeconomic activities and physical development. Based on the statistical data during the 1980s, the quantity of municipal solid wastes of most of the urban centres have more than doubled in size. Johor Bahru which has the highest cost of living and is still rapidly expanding is no doubt producing an increasing volume of waste over the years due to the various development activities. The Johor Bahru Municipal Council collects more than 0.5 kg of waste per person per day amounting to about 400 tonnes per day. This figure is expected to increase to more than 0.8 kg/person/day by the year 1995 (Fan and Kheng, 1986). If improperly handled, these wastes will be a source of land, air, surface water and groundwater pollution. They must be collected, treated and/or disposed off properly. In order to achieve this, a good management system will have to be implemented and sufficient funds as well as skilled manpower be made available. With increasing costs of wastes handling, one of the attractive options of managing such wastes is to look into the possibility of wastes minimization and recovery

Addressing the issues and challenges in ensuring quality engineering graduates using the outcome based approach (OBA): the UTM experience

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), being the largest producer of engineering graduates in Malaysia, is firm in its effort to ensure the continuance of excellence to produce quality graduates. UTM engineering graduates are not only sought by local and multinational industries, but they are also successful in pursing post‐graduate studies locally or abroad. Currently UTM offers 28 undergraduate and 47 postgraduate engineering programmes, making it one of the top universities in Malaysia offering engineering programmes. As part of the commitment to excellence, UTM continues to enhance the graduates using the outcome-based approach (OBA). This paper describes the insight into the experiences of implementing the outcome-based approach in teaching and learning at UTM. The issues and challenges in ensuring quality engineering graduates will also be elaborated. Finally, this paper makes some recommendations on how the outcome-based approach can be carried out to ensure further improvement on the quality of the graduates

A non-instrumental method to determine hydraulic heads on low-lying coastal aquifer

The technique introduced in this paper is to provide an alternative method to determine hydraulic heads in an unconfined coastal aquifer. The heads could be established within a study area without the needs to use any instrument, such as a theodolite. Instead, a less costly small-diameter transparent tube is used to produce a horizontal plane, formed by a balanced water level in it. Such planes are used as reference levels between two wells on an area, which is relatively flat. Current tidal heights are required in order to calibrate the measurements obtained from the reference levels to the mean sea level. The application of this method at field as a case study has revealed the reduction and critical condition of h in the phreatic aquifer of a small island, due to the frequent pumping of the wells

Rawatan kumbahan dalam iklim panas

Buku ini mengandungi beberapa bab iaitu kandungan, prakata, penghargaan, tatatanda utama, bab 1 apa itu kumbahan?, komposisi kumbahan, pencirian kumbahan, bab 2 mikrobiologi asas, kepentingan mikrob, bakteria, bab 3 prinsip-prinsip rawatan kumbahan, pengurusan air sisa, rawatan kumbahan, bab 4 kinetik penyingkiran bod, kinetik tertib pertama, regim aliran hidraulik, bab 5 perawatan, tujuan, penyaringan, bab 6 rawatan lazim, pemendapan, biopenurasan, bab 7 kolam penstabilan sisa, kolam fakultatif, kolam maturasi, bab 8 lagun berudara, operasi, reka bentuk, bab 9 parit pengoksidaan, pembinaan, parit karosel (carausel), bab 10 biopenapisan kadar tinggi, penerangan proses, rawatan separa sisa berat, bab 11 rawatan tertier, penyingkiran pepejal terampai, penyingkiran bakteria najis, bab 12 tangki septik, pembuangan efluen tangki, tandas air, bab 13 gunasemula efluen, gunasemula dan baikpulih, akuakultur, bab 14 pengumpulan dan rawatan najis manusia, pertimbangan ekonomi, kaedah tradisional, lampiran 1 pengukuran BOD, COD dan FC, lampiran 2 analisis data BOD, lampiran 3 unsur-unsur reka bentuk pembentung sanitari, lampiran 4 prosedur reka bentuk kolam fakulatif serta indeks