Comparison of compressive strength in mud bricks with shred tires and concrete particles as sustainable materials

Mud bricks consist of clay, water and different materials. Comparing mud bricks to concrete blocks, an evolution in reducing the cost and also in increasing the compressive strength, can be made. A weakness in mud block was shown during the experiments in the absence of additional materials. In consequence, a number of testing took place in mud bricks with different additional materials consisting of shred tires and particles waste concrete. Concrete particles are recycling materials as solid waste that is exported by concrete. To make the mud bricks, in this research different materials were used and concrete particles and shred tires were added in two layers in test boxes. This paper presents the role of different materials in mud brick strength that came as a result of our survey to their effect. The materials used are cheap one because we took them from solid waste and only a little part of them is used in the automotive industry. In this paper has been shown the change in compressive strength under additives materials in mud bricks. As a conclusion performances of mud bricks with shred tires were better than concrete particles

Design and Development of MY 2nd EYE for Visually Impaired Person

This paper discussed on design and development of electronic device by using warning system for visually impaired person usage which is called ‘MY 2 nd EYE’. This electronic device is designed to support and help the visually impaired person around this world to have their own confident in order to travel from one place to another place. This project is about developing of warning system by using a vibration motor as a warning device via microcontroller that received input from distance measurement sensor when detecting obstacle. The vibration motor is a best solution to warn the blind person because it uses touch sense of human when the system is run. In this system, there are four pieces of vibration motor are mounted to the gloves at different locations. Each location will have its own function that show different direction such as front, left, right and down. In this project, the effectiveness of the system gives command the direction of obstacle existence is very important and have been confirmed through simulation and experiment

Moving Control of Quadruped Hopping Robot Using Adaptive CPG Networks

This paper describes the moving control using the adaptive Central Pattern Generators (CPGs) including motor dynamic models for our developed quadruped hopping robot. The CPGs of each leg is interconnected with each other and by setting their coupling parameters can act as the flexible oscillators of each leg and adjust the hopping height of each leg to require stable hopping motion. The formation of the CPG networks are suitable not only to generate the continuous jumping motion but also can generate the moving motion in twodimensional, respectively. We also propose the reference height control system which including the maximum hopping height detector and Proportional Integral (PI)controller to achieve the reference jumping height. By using the proposed method, the hopping height of each leg can be control independently in order to make the posture of robot’s body incline ahead and move forward. We create MATLAB/Simulink model to conduct various types of experiments and confirmed the effectiveness of our proposed CPG model including the reference height control system to generate the stable moving performance while jumping continuously

Deposition and characterization of MnS thin films by chemical bath deposition method

The chemical bath deposition technique was used to deposit MnS thin films onto indium tin oxide glass substrate. During the deposition, manganese sulphate and thiourea were supplied Mn2+ and S2‐ ions, respectively. X‐ray diffraction and atomic force microsco py were used to investigate the structural and morphological properties of films, respectively. The band gap energy was determined using UV‐VIS spectrophotometer. The influence of bath temperature was investigated to determine the best conditions for deposition process. The deposited films showed cubic structure of MnS. The highest peak observed was (200) plane. The number of peaks referred to MnS increased as the bath temperature was increased from 35 to 65°C based on the XRD patterns. For the films deposited at lower bath temperature, the grains were small and thinner films to be formed. Conversely, for the films prepared at higher bath temperature, the grains were larger and thicker films to be formed. From the optical properties analysis, the band gap energy was to be dependent on the bath temperature

Materials science and technology: past, present and the future

There are many questions ask, but not all can be answered (precisely) about matter, its diversity, our existence in this universe and also our relationship with technology. Research shows that matter comes from big explosion, called The Big Bang that produced building blocks particles, and later formed lightest atom. At the centers of bug galaxies, heavy atoms were formed and distributed in the universe through explosions of stars and collisions of galaxies. All these atoms, when combined to form molecules or compounds, are called materials. The existence of “Man” through the eyes of science, were made from materials in the universe through evolution process. Since, survival is the keyword for human existence, man needs material to interact with its surrounding, and this is called technology. Many civilizations use different type of materials and technology but the most significance civilization is in the era of the twentieth century, called the golden era of the century, where the amount of scientifically gained knowledge is at an exponential rate. Many new materials were found and applied to the relevant technology. To survive further in the future, man not only walk on the planet, he needs to go up, “outerspace”, to seek new frontier of knowledge and materials that is impossible to acquire on earth. New and future materials to be produced need new environment (sophisticated laboratory, laboratory in outerspace or deep in the ocean floor or on other planets) and that will demand superior technology. The needs to be in outerspace, materials that can overcome the harsh and violent environment were needed. All these need scientifically technique/method called research, which will keep man busy playing with the gift from god, matter. Several current researchers done on materials science are also highlighted. The objectives of this presentation are to highlight the source of matter or the materials in the universe, man interaction with materials in its surrounding, the technology, and also looking for the type of materials and technology that is possible for human being to survive in the future

Performance Study of Developed SMART EYE for Visually Impaired Person.

Direction is arguably the most pressing concern for visually impaired person. Nevertheless, we lack a convenient navigation system to guide a visually impaired person using point to point direction to reach desired destination independently while walking on tactile paving. Accessibility of this navigation system must be convenient and simple for visually impaired people. In order to provide an efficient and user friendly assistive tool, it is proposed to design and develop a navigation system using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) to guide the visually impaired walking on tactile paving. Path planning algorithm will be implemented in this project to give the shortest path and direction as a navigation guide for visually impaired people. This project will directly contribute to society by making available a convenient navigation system for visually impaired people for a better lifestyle

Control of Maximum Power Point Tracking for Stand-Alone Photovoltaic System Using Voltage Comparison Technique

This paper proposed the other method to control of maximum power point tracker for stand- alone photovoltaic system using closed-loop voltage mode control algorithm. Approach: The PV module was modeled based on the parameters obtained from a commercial PV data sheet while voltage mode control was modeled using simulink block model. A DC-DC boost converter was chosen to regulate the DC voltage from the PV module. The voltage mode control maximum power point tracking model was simulated under a constant and a variable change of solar irradiance and temperature. The perturb and observe maximum power point tracker model was developed and compared with this proposed method in order to validate the performance of output results. Results: Results showed that the voltage mode control maximum power point tracking model yields the similar performance as produced by the photovoltaic system controlled by perturb and observe maximum power point tracking algorithm simulation in terms of the voltage, current and power generated under the changing irradiant and temperature condition. Conclusion/Recommendations: The voltage mode control technique is possible to be implemented which yields the similar performance as the results from conventional MPPT method

Exploratory Study on Navigation System for Visually Impaired Person

Direction is arguably the most pressing concern for visually impaired person. Nevertheless, we lack a convenient navigation system to guide a visually impaired person using point to point direction to reach desired destination independently while walking on tactile paving. Accessibility of this navigation system must be convenient and simple for visually impaired people. In order to provide an efficient and user friendly assistive tool, it is proposed to design and develop a navigation system using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) to guide the visually impaired walking on tactile paving. Path planning algorithm will be implemented in this project to give the shortest path and direction as a navigation guide for visually impaired people. This project will directly contribute to society by making available a convenient navigation system for visually impaired people for a better lifestyle

Effectiveness of Central Pattern Generator Model on Developed One Legged Hopping Robot

The paper presents the validity of using Central Pattern Generator (CPG) model to develop one leg hopping robot which hops higher and rhythmically. Infrared Ranging (IR) sensor is mounted on a platform to measure the distance of hopping performance. The distances of IR sensor from the platform to the floor in both static and vertical jumping motion are measured. MATLAB & Simulink model including CPG model is designed to evaluate the performance of IR sensor by converting the measurement data from IR sensor from voltage to distance by using function blocks. The result shows that the one leg hopping robot with CPG model is able to achieve maximum hopping height at 4cm

Phase Equilibria of a Mixed Alkali Soap/ Carboxylic Acid/Water System

A preliminary investigation was carried out on the phase equilibria in the three component systems, water/sodium caprylate/octanoic acid, water/sodium caprylate and sodium dodecyl sulphate (l:1) / octanoic acid at 30°C. The phases were separated by repeated centrifugation. The birefringence was observed under cross-polarisers and their consistency, texture and optical pattern were examined under the polarizing microscope. On the basis of the results obtained, a phase diagram was drawn that includes two phases of isotropic solution and two mesophases. Results also showed a decreased amount of octanoic acid utilized in obtaining the lamellar liquid crystal phase. The critical micelle concentration was also reduced for the mixed surfactant syste