К вопросу о судьбах преподавателей и студентов 1-го Ленинградского медицинского института в годы Великой Отечественной войны

The objective of the article was to fill in some gaps in the information about the fate of teachers and students of The First Medical Institute of Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War. The source base of the research was the new archival material discovered by the authors, sources of personal origin in the form of recollections of eyewitnesses of the described events, as well as a set of previously published documents and materials related to the topic of the article. The results of the study added the picture of the functioning of the Institute under the Leningrad Blockade, its partial evacuation to the rear areas of the country, clarified the fate of a number of employees and students of the Institute.Целью статьи является восполнение отдельных пробелов в информации о судьбах преподавателей и студентов 1-го Ленинградского медицинского института в годы Великой Отечественной войны. В качестве источниковой базы используются новый архивный материал, источники личного происхождения в виде воспоминаний очевидцев описываемых событий, а также комплекс опубликованных ранее документов и материалов, касающихся темы статьи. Результаты исследования дополняют картину функционирования института в условиях блокады Ленинграда, во время его частичной эвакуации в тыловые районы страны, уточняют судьбы ряда сотрудников и студентов вуза

The Quantum Mellin transform

We uncover a new type of unitary operation for quantum mechanics on the half-line which yields a transformation to ``Hyperbolic phase space''. We show that this new unitary change of basis from the position x on the half line to the Hyperbolic momentum $p_\eta$, transforms the wavefunction via a Mellin transform on to the critial line $s=1/2-ip_\eta$. We utilise this new transform to find quantum wavefunctions whose Hyperbolic momentum representation approximate a class of higher transcendental functions, and in particular, approximate the Riemann Zeta function. We finally give possible physical realisations to perform an indirect measurement of the Hyperbolic momentum of a quantum system on the half-line.Comment: 23 pages, 6 Figure

Sporadic radio emission connected with a definite manifestation of solar activity in the near Earth space

Sporadic radio emission of near Earth space at the frequency of 38 MHz is shown to appear in the event of a rapid development of instabilities in the ionospheric plasma. The instabilities are generated due to primary ionospheric disturbances occurring under the influence of solar chromospheric flares

Near Earth space sporadic radio emission busts occurring during sunrise

During the period of low solar activity at sunrise the effect of sporadic high frequency near Earth space radio emission was experimentally discovered at middle latitudes. The possible mechanism of its origin is discussed

Тормозные нейромедиаторы и их влияние на опухолевый процесс при глиомах головного мозга

The review deals with the problem of activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter, in gliomas. It has been shown that GABA has an antitumor activity in most models and cancer patients have an increased level of GABA in tumor tissue and biological fluids (blood, liquor). There is a hypothesis that the relationship between GABA and the inflammatory cytokine system is one of the mechanisms of antitumor activity of GABAВ обзоре рассматривается вопрос активности центрального тормозного медиатора – гамма-аминомасляной кислоты (ГАМК) при глиомах. Показано, что ГАМК в большинстве моделей обладает противоопухолевым действием, содержание ГАМК в опухолевой ткани и биологических жидкостях (кровь, ликвор) у пациентов с опухолями повышено. Выдвигается предположение, что одним из основных механизмов противоопухолевого действия ГАМК является ее взаимодействие с системой воспалительных цитокинов. Данный вопрос нуждается в дальнейшем подробном изучении

Investigation of the thermal expansion and heat capacity of the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics

The thermal expansion of the CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics has been measured over a wide temperature range 120–1200 K. The high quality of the samples under study has been confirmed by good agreement of the results of measurements of the heat capacity in the range 2–300 K and in the vicinity of the phase transition of magnetic nature at 25 K with the data for the single crystal. No anomalies in the thermal expansion that can be associated with the phase transition at 726–732 K assumed by other investigators have been found. The influence exerted on the thermal expansion by the heat treatment of the sample in a helium atmosphere and in air has been investigated

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННОЙ ХИМИОЛУЧЕВОЙ ТЕРАПИИ БОЛЬНЫХ ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫМИ ГЛИОМАМИ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА

The initial results of radiation therapy with different chemotherapy treatment regimen are provided in the article. Radiation therapy was carried out in all patients using by linear accelerators in the bremsstrahlung energy mode (6 MeV) once a day, 5 times a week. The single boost dose was 3 Gy, 51 Gy total. Upon reaching total boost dose in 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 Gy patients of the first and third groups received temozolomide (250 mg). Vincristine was administered intravenously to patients of the second and the fourth groups (1 mg) after reaching the total boost dose 18, 33 and 48 Gy. The next day these patients received nitrosourea derivatives (CCNU 80 mg orally or BCNU 50 mg intravenously). Postoperative chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide in patients with glioblastoma resulted in a significant increase of life expectancy. In GBM/temozolomide group median survival was 16,9 months vs 11,3 months in patients who received vincristine/nitrosourea derivatives (р=0,016). There was no significant difference in life expectancy in patients with AA (р=0,13): median survival was 29,9 (group 3) and 22,7 months (group 4). Представлены первые результаты применения лучевой терапии с различными противоопухолевыми лекарственными препаратами. Облучение пациентов проводилось на линейных ускорителях электронов в режиме генерации тормозного излучения энергией 6 МэВ один раз в день, 5 раз в неделю. Разовая очаговая доза составляла 3 Гр, суммарная — 51 Гр. По достижении СОД в 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 и 48 Гр пациенты 1-й и 3-й групп принимали темозоломид — 250 мг. Больным 2-й и 4-й групп по достижении СОД в 18, 33 и 48 Гр внутривенно вводился винкристин, разовая доза препарата составляла 1 мг. На следующий день — производные нитрозомочевины (ломустин 80 мг перорально или кармустин 50 мг внутривенно). Проведение послеоперационной химиолучевой терапии с темозоломидом привело к достоверному увеличению средней продолжительности жизни. В группе глиобластома/темозоломид медиана выживаемости составила 16,9 мес против 11,3 мес при использовании винкристина с производными нитрозомочевины (р=0,016). У больных анапластическими астроцитомами достоверных различий не было (р=0,13), медиана выживаемости составила, соответственно 29,9 (3-я группа) и 22,7 (4-я группа) мес.

IL-6 and IL-8 secretion by human glioma cells proliferating after Gamma-knife irradiation

One of the modern methods of treating patients with primary and recurrent brain tumors is radiosurgical irradiation using Gamma Knife, which allows therapeutic doses to be delivered to tumors not exceeding 2.5 cm in diameter in 1–2 sessions. Tumor cells on the periphery of this tissue volume that receive lower radiation doses can resume proliferation and serve as a source of recurrence. The increase of radiation dose may cause necroses formation and a worsening prognosis. The properties of glioblastoma cells that survive and resume proliferation long after stereotactic irradiation are still poorly known. The aim of the work was to evaluate the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 by glioblastoma A172, R1, T2, and T98G cell lines that resumed proliferation after sublethal Gamma Knife irradiation. Cells were irradiated once at doses ranging from 6 to 16 Gy, and then cultured for 40 days. Cell number was counted weekly; lethal and sublethal irradiation doses for each glioblastoma cell line were determined. In cultures descendant from proliferation of single most resistant cells, the level of IL-6 and IL-8 secretion after 96 hours cultivation (ng/1000 cells) was determined by ELISA. The cells of all four glioblastoma lines secreted IL-6 and IL-8 into culture medium. The highest production of cytokines, never before demonstrated for glioblastomas, was discovered in R1 cells. Glioblastoma T2 also had high interleukin production levels. In contrast to these lines, glioblastoma A172 (highly sensitive to the action of cytostatic drugs and radiation) secreted IL-6 at 30 times lower level than R1 cells. Glioblastoma T98G (highly resistant to the action of cytostatic drugs and radiation) also exhibited low interleukins production level. R1, T2, and T98G glioblastoma cells that resumed proliferation after irradiation had increased secretion of IL-6 and, to a lesser extent, IL-8. The dependence of cytokine production increase on irradiation dose for these cells was not linear. In contrast, A172 cells reduced IL-6 and IL-8 secretion under irradiation. The multidirectional changes in IL-6 and IL-8 production by cells of different glioblastoma lines were long-term and persisted for more than a month. The presented results cast doubt on the possibility to use IL-6 and IL-8 production by glioblastoma cells as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis, therapy monitoring as well as prognostic markers of the disease course