Network Neutrality and Congestion Sensitive Content Providers: Implications for Service Innovation, Broadband Investment and Regulation

We consider a two-sided market model with a monopolistic Internet Service Provider (ISP), network congestion sensitive content providers (CPs), and Internet customers in order to study the impact of Quality- of-Service (QoS) tiering on service innovation, broadband investments, and welfare in comparison to network neutrality. We find that QoS tiering is the more efficient regime in the short-run. However it does not promote entry by new, congestion sensitive CPs, because the ISP can expropriate much of the CPs' surplus. In the long-run, QoS tiering may lead to more or less broadband capacity and welfare, depending on the competition-elasticity of CPs' revenues

Formalism for inclusion of measured reaction cross sections in stellar rates including uncertainties and its application to neutron capture in the s-process

A general formalism to include experimental reaction cross sections into calculations of stellar rates is presented. It also allows to assess the maximally possible reduction of uncertainties in the stellar rates by experiments. As an example for the application of the procedure, stellar neutron capture reactivities from KADoNiS v0.3 are revised and the remaining uncertainties shown. Many of the uncertainties in the stellar rates are larger than those obtained experimentally. This has important consequences for s-process models and the interpretation of meteoritic data because it allows the rates of some reactions to vary within a larger range than previously assumed.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure, 1 table; v1: version accepted for publication in Ap. J. Lett; v2: small typo fixed, updated references, as published; v3: PDF includes erratum published in Ap. J. Lett., 4 more pages, 1 additional figure. 1 additional table; v4: fixed typos and citations; ASCII datafiles of full tables from original paper and erratum available at http://download.nucastro.org/astro/exp2stellar

Umweltforschung-Journal ... : Umweltforschung in Baden-Württemberg / Hrsg.: LUBW, Landesanstalt für Umwelt, Messungen und Naturschutz Baden-Württemberg

Umweltforschung in Baden-Württemberg – Beiträge für eine sichere Zukunft. Aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse – Forschung und Praxi