Back to the Market: The Debt Problem in Legal Perspective

This article argues that the debt problem can be attributed to the failure on the part of those who operated the huge market of recycled petro-dollars in the late 70s and early 80s. The author then discusses how reinforcement of a decentralized decision-making system depends on three factors; transparency, market entry, and confining state regulation

|Vcb|, |Vub|, and Hqet at Cleo

I report results from the CLEO collaboration on semileptonic B decays, highlighting measurements of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements Vcb and Vub. I describe the techniques used to obtain the recent improvements in precision for these measurements, including the use of the b -> s gamma photon spectrum to reduce hadronic uncertainties in semileptonic B decays. I also report new measurements of Vcb using the inclusive semileptonic branching fraction BF(B -> X e nu) and of Vub through study of the q^2 dependence of B -> pi l nu and B -> rho l nu.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, uses svjour.cls, submitted to Proceedings of EPS 200

Communication cost of breaking the Bell barrier

Correlations in an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm experiment can be made stronger than quantum correlations by allowing a single bit of classical communication between the two sides of the experiment.Comment: One new reference referring to a maximal algebraic violation of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequalit

Rescue of Synthetic Genomic RNA Analogs of Rabies Virus by Plasmid-Encoded Proteins

Proteins eolirely expressed from cDNA wen used to rescue synthetic RNA genome analogs into infectious defective particles or rabies virus (RV). Synthetic negative-stranded RNAs coßtalning 3' · and S'-terminal RV sequences and tnlßscriptional signal sequences wen transcribed (rom plasmids transfeded into cells expressing 1'7 RNA polymerase (rom recombinant vaccinia virus. After simultaneous expression or RV N, P, and L proteiDS (rom plasmids containing a T7 RNA polymerase promoter, tbe synthetic genomes wen encapsidated. replicated, and transcribed by tbe RV polymerase proteiDS. Insertion or the bac1erial chloramphenicol acetyUransferase gene or l3·galactosidase (IacZ) gene between the 3 ' and 5 ' termini containing transcriptional signal sequenees resulted in transcription of mRNAs and expression of ehloramphenlco

Conditional entropies and their relation to entanglement criteria

We discuss conditional Renyi and Tsallis entropies for bipartite quantum systems of finite dimension. We investigate the relation between the positivity of conditional entropies and entanglement properties. It is in particular shown that any state having a negative conditional entropy with respect to any value of the entropic parameter is distillable since it violates the reduction criterion. Moreover we show that the entanglement of Werner states in odd dimensions can neither be detected by entropic criteria nor by any other spectral criterion.Comment: 5 pages, revtex4 (replaces quant-ph/0107014 taking into account the result of Nielsen and Kempe

Characterization of the HAYSTAC axion dark matter search cavity using microwave measurement and simulation techniques

Many searches for axion cold dark matter rely on the use of tunable electromagnetic resonators. Current detectors operate at or near microwave frequencies and use cylindrical cavities with cylindrical tuning rods. The cavity performance strongly impacts the signal power of the detector, which is expected to be very small even under optimal conditions. There is strong motivation to characterize these microwave cavities and improve their performance in order to maximize the achievable signal power. We present the results of a study characterizing the HAYSTAC (Haloscope At Yale Sensitive to Axion Cold dark matter) cavity using bead perturbation measurements and detailed 3D electromagnetic simulations. This is the first use of bead perturbation methods to characterize an axion haloscope cavity. In this study, we measured impacts of misalignments on the order of 0.001 in and demonstrated that the same impacts can be predicted using electromagnetic simulations. We also performed a detailed study of mode crossings and hybridization between the TM$_{010}$ mode used in operation and other cavity modes. This mixing limits the tuning range of the cavity that can be used during an axion search. By characterizing each mode crossing in detail, we show that some mode crossings are benign and are potentially still useful for data collection. The level of observed agreement between measurements and simulations demonstrates that finite element modeling can capture non-ideal cavity behavior and the impacts of very small imperfections. 3D electromagnetic simulations and bead perturbation measurements are standard tools in the microwave engineering community, but they have been underutilized in axion cavity design. This work demonstrates their potential to improve understanding of existing cavities and to optimize future designs.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures The following article has been submitted to Review of Scientific Instruments. v2: added changes made during the review proces