Responsive Legal Protection Against Child Abduction: A Human Rights Perspective

More child abductions have caused residents in major cities to be anxious, as can be seen from the concerns of almost all citizens. Hence, given the urgency of their development, it requires special care in order to grow and develop both physically mentally and spiritually. This research was an empiric legal research and it was conducted in Makassar and Jakarta, Indonesia. The results show that the principle of legal protection against children about non-discrimination, the best interests of children, the right to survival and development and the appreciation of children’ opinion has been set forth in Child Protection Law. In reality, however, the number of child abductions is still frequent; the act is very detrimental to the child in this case the child as a victim of a crime. The principle of child protection needs to be done as early as possible, i.e since from the fetus until the child is 18 years old. In conducting the development and protection for children, it is necessary for the role of the community through the institutions of child protection, religious institutions, non-government organizations, social organizations, business, mass-media and educational institutions. The complexity of the issue of child protection is very broad, and it cannot be simplified on one issue only. Above all, it is important to extend legal coverage and insight into the importance to understanding the principles of legal protection for children. Keywords: Child Abduction; Human Rights; Legal Protectio

Peran Kepuasan Pelanggan dalam Memediasi Pengaruh Kualitas Produk terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan pada Produk Pewangi Pakaian Molto di Kota Denpasar

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peran kepuasan pelanggan dalam memediasi pengaruh kualitas produk terhadap loyalitas pelanggan produk pewangi pakaian Molto di Kota Denpasar. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode asosiatif yang berbentuk kausal (sebab akibat). Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 100 responden.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah menyebarkan kuesioner kepada para pelanggan produk pewangi pakaian Molto di Kota Denpasar. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis) yang disertai Uji Sobel untuk menguji hubungan mediasi antar variabel. Hasil penelitian menyatakan peran kepuasan pelanggan mampu memediasi secara positif dan signifikan pengaruh kualitas produk terhadap loyalitas pelanggan produk pewangi pakaian Molto di Kota Denpasar

Preemptive and Preventive Measures in Combating Domestic Violence

Elimination of domestic violence is a guarantee given by the state to prevent any violent acts within households, to take action against perpetrators of domestic violence, and to protect victims of domestic violence. Violence against women today are increasing significantly. With the increasing number of cases of violence against women as housewives and the alarming effect it, Indonesian government decided to ratify Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 23 Year 2004 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence (Law of PKDRT) on September 14, 2004. Article 4 of the PKDRT Law emphasizes that the elimination of domestic violence aims to prevent all forms of violent acts within an household. In order to do preventive measures toward domestic violence, the Ministry which duties and responsibilities are in the field empowerment of women needs to carry out preventive actions, including organizing communication and information including education related to prevention of domestic violence. The Law of PKDRT is made as a legal basis for prevention and enforcement toward domestic violence. Preventing violence against women is a shared responsibility between the government and the community, this can be seen in Chapter V, in Article 12 and Article 15 of PKDRT Law. Therefore, it is our responsibility to prevent and eliminate all forms of violence that occur within the household. Efforts to prevent violence against women as housewives can be done or prevented through two forms, through pre-emptive efforts and preventive efforts. Keywords: combating, domestic violence, preemptive and preventive measures

EEG Artifact Removal in TMS Studies of Cortical Speech Areas

The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly applied for studying the effective connectivity of neuronal circuits. The stimulation excites neurons, and the resulting TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) are recorded with EEG. A serious obstacle in this method is the generation of large muscle artifacts from scalp muscles, especially when frontolateral and temporoparietal, such as speech, areas are stimulated. Here, TMS–EEG data were processed with the signal-space projection and source-informed reconstruction (SSP–SIR) artifact-removal methods to suppress these artifacts. SSP–SIR suppressed muscle artifacts according to the difference in frequency contents of neuronal signals and muscle activity. The effectiveness of SSP–SIR in rejecting muscle artifacts and the degree of excessive attenuation of brain EEG signals were investigated by comparing the processed versions of the recorded TMS–EEG data with simulated data. The calculated individual lead-field matrix describing how the brain signals spread on the cortex were used as simulated data. We conclude that SSP–SIR was effective in suppressing artifacts also when frontolateral and temporoparietal cortical sites were stimulated, but it may have suppressed also the brain signals near the stimulation site. Effective connectivity originating from the speech-related areas may be studied even when speech areas are stimulated at least on the contralateral hemisphere where the signals were not suppressed that much.Peer reviewe

The effect of experimental pain on short-interval intracortical inhibition with multi-locus transcranial magnetic stimulation

Chronic neuropathic pain is known to alter the primary motor cortex (M1) function. Less is known about the normal, physiological effects of experimental neurogenic pain on M1. The objective of this study is to determine how short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) is altered in the M1 representation area of a muscle exposed to experimental pain compared to SICI of another muscle not exposed to pain. The cortical representation areas of the right abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and biceps brachii (BB) muscles of 11 subjects were stimulated with a multi-locus transcranial magnetic stimulation device while the resulting motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded with electromyography. Single- and paired-pulse TMS was administered in seven conditions, including one with the right hand placed in cold water. The stimulation intensity for the conditioning pulses in the paired-pulse examination was 80% of the resting motor threshold (RMT) of the stimulated site and 120% of RMT for both the test and single pulses. The paired-pulse MEP amplitudes were normalized with the mean amplitude of the single-pulse MEPs of the same condition and muscle. SICI was compared between conditions. After the cold pain, the normalized paired-pulse MEP amplitudes decreased in APB, but not in BB, indicating that SICI was potentially increased only in the cortical area of the muscle subjected to pain. These data suggest that SICI is increased in the M1 representation area of a hand muscle shortly after exposure to pain has ended, which implies that short-lasting pain can alter the inhibitory balance in M1.Peer reviewe

Small-Molecule Targeting of RNA Polymerase I Activates a Conserved Transcription Elongation Checkpoint

Summary Inhibition of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) is a promising strategy for modern cancer therapy. BMH-21 is a first-in-class small molecule that inhibits Pol I transcription and induces degradation of the enzyme, but how this exceptional response is enforced is not known. Here, we define key elements requisite for the response. We show that Pol I preinitiation factors and polymerase subunits (e.g., RPA135) are required for BMH-21-mediated degradation of RPA194. We further find that Pol I inhibition and induced degradation by BMH-21 are conserved in yeast. Genetic analyses demonstrate that mutations that induce transcription elongation defects in Pol I result in hypersensitivity to BMH-21. Using a fully reconstituted Pol I transcription assay, we show that BMH-21 directly impairs transcription elongation by Pol I, resulting in long-lived polymerase pausing. These studies define a conserved regulatory checkpoint that monitors Pol I transcription and is activated by therapeutic intervention.Peer reviewe

Oral symptoms and oral health-related quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease from predialysis to posttransplantation

ObjectiveThis prospective follow-up cohort study analyzed chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients' oral symptoms, health habits, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), from predialysis to posttransplantation. A simplified questionnaire method (Oral Health Quality Score, OHQS), based on these and clinical findings, was constructed and tested for identifying patients in need for referral to a dentist.Material and methodsFifty-three CKD patients were followed up for a mean of 10.3years. Clinical oral, radiological, and salivary examination was performed at baseline and posttransplantation. Total Dental Index (TDI) indicating inflammation was calculated. The patients filled out a questionnaire on symptoms, oral hygiene and health care habits, smoking, alcohol use, and medication. General health-related quality of life was assessed with the 15-dimensional (15D) instrument at posttransplantation. Descriptive and analytical methods were used in statistics.ResultsOHQS significantly correlated with high TDI (p=0.017), number of teeth (p=0.031), and unstimulated salivary flow rate (p=0.001) in transplanted patients. Number of daily medications showed a negative correlation with the OHQS (r=-0.30; p=0.028). The prevalence of oral symptoms was slightly, but not significantly, more common posttransplantation compared with predialysis stage.ConclusionOHQS identified patients with high oral inflammatory score thus confirming our study hypothesis.Clinical relevanceUse of OHQS and measuring salivary flow indicate patients at risk for oral diseases. These markers might be easy to use chair-side also by auxiliary personnel.Peer reviewe

Therapeutic Cancer Vaccination with Immunopeptidomics-Discovered Antigens Confers Protective Antitumor Efficacy

Simple Summary Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, yet many tumors remain resistant to current immuno-oncology therapies. Here we explore a novel, customized oncolytic adenovirus vaccine platform as immunotherapy in a resistant tumor model. We present a workflow for customizing the oncolytic vaccine for improved tumor targeting. This targeting is based on experimentally discovered tumor antigens, which are incorporated as active components of the vaccine formulation. The pipeline may be further applied for designing personalized therapeutic cancer vaccines. Knowledge of clinically targetable tumor antigens is becoming vital for broader design and utility of therapeutic cancer vaccines. This information is obtained reliably by directly interrogating the MHC-I presented peptide ligands, the immunopeptidome, with state-of-the-art mass spectrometry. Our manuscript describes direct identification of novel tumor antigens for an aggressive triple-negative breast cancer model. Immunopeptidome profiling revealed 2481 unique antigens, among them a novel ERV antigen originating from an endogenous retrovirus element. The clinical benefit and tumor control potential of the identified tumor antigens and ERV antigen were studied in a preclinical model using two vaccine platforms and therapeutic settings. Prominent control of established tumors was achieved using an oncolytic adenovirus platform designed for flexible and specific tumor targeting, namely PeptiCRAd. Our study presents a pipeline integrating immunopeptidome analysis-driven antigen discovery with a therapeutic cancer vaccine platform for improved personalized oncolytic immunotherapy.Peer reviewe