A modular transcriptional signature identifies phenotypic heterogeneity of human tuberculosis infection

Whole blood transcriptional signatures distinguishing active tuberculosis patients from asymptomatic latently infected individuals exist. Consensus has not been achieved regarding the optimal reduced gene sets as diagnostic biomarkers that also achieve discrimination from other diseases. Here we show a blood transcriptional signature of active tuberculosis using RNA-Seq, confirming microarray results, that discriminates active tuberculosis from latently infected and healthy individuals, validating this signature in an independent cohort. Using an advanced modular approach, we utilise the information from the entire transcriptome, which includes overabundance of type I interferon-inducible genes and underabundance of IFNG and TBX21, to develop a signature that discriminates active tuberculosis patients from latently infected individuals or those with acute viral and bacterial infections. We suggest that methods targeting gene selection across multiple discriminant modules can improve the development of diagnostic biomarkers with improved performance. Finally, utilising the modular approach, we demonstrate dynamic heterogeneity in a longitudinal study of recent tuberculosis contacts

MOESM5 of A novel field-based molecular assay to detect validated artemisinin-resistant k13 mutants

Additional file 5. Overall clinical performances of the K13 reference assay obtained from 642 DBS collected from P. falciparum symptomatic patients in Cambodia, Myanmar and Africa and P. falciparum asymptomatic individuals in Cambodia. Cells coloured in green present concordant data obtained between the K13 bMx prototype assay and the K13 reference assay; Cells coloured in pale red present discordant data obtained between the K13 bMx prototype assay and the K13 reference assay

MOESM1 of A novel field-based molecular assay to detect validated artemisinin-resistant k13 mutants

Additional file 1. K13 bMx prototype assay 5-step workflow (24 DBS in less than 4 h)

MOESM7 of A novel field-based molecular assay to detect validated artemisinin-resistant k13 mutants

Additional file 7. Clinical performances of the K13 reference assay obtained from 65 DBS collected from P. falciparum asymptomatic individuals in Cambodia. Cells coloured in green present concordant data obtained between the K13 bMx prototype assay and the K13 reference assay; Cells coloured in pale red present discordant data obtained between the K13 bMx prototype assay and the K13 reference assay